فهرست مطالب کاوه جاسب

Depression is one of the most prevalent mood disorders associated with loss of pleasure, lack of motivation, and sleep disorders. Chronic diseases, such as cancer and major thalassemia can increase the risk of depression with varying severity in children and adolescents. The present study aimed to compare depression symptoms in children and adolescents with chronic cancer and thalassemia major.

This descriptive cross-sectional and analytical study was performed on a number of 100 children and adolescents with cancer and 100 children and adolescents with thalassemia who were admitted to Shafa Hospital of Ahvaz, Iran. Data were collected using Maria Kovacs children's depression inventory (CDI) and demographic variables and analyzed in SPSS software (version 16) using the independent t-test.

As evidenced by the obtained results, the mean score of depression in the cancer group was significantly higher, as compared to that in the thalassemia group (P=0.04). Moreover, the mean score of depression was significantly correlated with demographic variables, including age, length of disease, and educational performance in children and adolescents with cancer (P<0.05). Nonetheless, in patients with thalassemia, a significant relationship was only detected between depression score and gender (P<0.05).

The results of the current study demonstrated that children and adolescents with cancer obtained a higher rate of depression, compared to patients with thalassemia. Therefore, it is necessary to prioritize faster psychological therapeutic interventions in this group of children and adolescents.

beta-thalassemias are monogenic disorders characterized by defective synthesis of the b-globin chain. There are expected to be a wide range of mutations in Iran, so this high incidence was estimated with consideration of the variations between ethnic populations and the geographical location of the populations in this country. We studied the frequency of β-thalassemic mutations in all patients with β-thalassemia major in patients with β-Thalassemia major referring to Ahvaz's Shafa Hospital from 1390 to 1395. The mutations in 1608 alleles were detected by studying the genetic records of 804 patients referring to the Ahvaz healing hospital. The IVSII-1 mutation with 17.72% frequency was the most common mutation in this study. CD36- 37 with 16.29%, IVSI-110 mutations with 11.1%, CD6 mutation with 11.19%, and CD8 mutation with 9.95% were the most commonly occurring mutations, respectively. The findings of this study indicate that β-thalassemia mutations in the population of Khuzestan province are wide-spread and distributed, and the success in pre-natal diagnosis of disease, in the presence of sufficient information from the common mutations of the disease. Prevention of beta-thalassemia requires a complete examination of different molecular mutations in different populations, especially with a high prevalence.

Hemoglobinopathies are a group of genetic disorders of globin chain synthesis which are common in many countries including Iran. The hemoglobinopathies include hemoglobin D، S، C، Lepore، Setif، CS، Q، J and other hemoglobin chain disorders. By 2009، more than 900 Hemoglobin (Hb) variants were reported due to globin gene mutations that cause structural changes in globin gene products which ultimately affect the performance and stability of Hb. There is variation in the prevalence of hemoglobinopathies in different regions and ethnic groups of the country. Hemoglobin disorders are fairly common in Iran. It is estimated that 0. 5-1% of the Iranian population carries the genes for Hb abnormalities such as D، S، G and E. In this article، we reviewed 50 published papers on rare hemoglobinopathies from Iran.

History and Considering the high incidence of breast cancer and its known prognosis and the existence of controversies on the role of patient’s age, tumor malignancy and its prognosis, this study was carried out on referrals of Mostafa Khomeini, Shohadayeh Tajrish and Loghman Hakim from 1993 to 1999. The case-control strategy of this study was conducted on 200 patients with breast cancer. In this respect, 100 cases with lymphatic involvement and tumor size greater than 2.5 cm were selected as bed prognosis (Case group) and 100 cases were selected as good prognosis (Control). Then, their age was determined and tumor malignancy was determined using Bloom-Richardson criteria and they were selected as I, II and III groups. For statistical analysis, student’s t-test and X² test were applied and O.R. was determined for patients and population. This study was conducted on 200 patients in control (n=100) and case (n=100) groups. The age of control and case groups was 42.5±8.8 and 53.4±12.2 years respectively with a difference of 11 years between them (P<0.001). In addition, it was found out that breast cancer at ages greater than 50 years increases the risk of malignancy 17-fold. Meanwhile, malignancy type III relative to type I is more effective for the development of malignancy (5.6-fold) (P<0.0005). Conclusion and Recommendations: It is concluded that age and malignancy play an essential role in the development of tumors with bad prognosis. It is recommended to apply preventive measures for known malignancies.