فهرست مطالب کورش روستا

The stable promoting of agriculture in the current age of knowledge and technology is due to capable and informed beneficiaries. Having proficient farmers requires a systematic informative corporation which is realized under the extension centers and agricultural services. It is clear that having an effective extension centers and agricultural services requires carrying out a wide research in order to discern the influential factors on effectiveness of this system and also find the appropriate solutions. As a consequence, the overall goal of this study is to analyze the experts’ viewpoint in extension centers and agricultural services on effectiveness in centers. A research tool was a questionnaire with 85 items to assess the effective factors on effectiveness of centers such as labor, equipment, rules, budget, planning, evaluation, organizational communication and participation of the beneficiaries, which its validity was approved by the authorities and, the Cronbach's alpha coefficient for this scale was calculated by performing a preliminary study. The case study was all experts in centers in Khorasan Razavi Province (n =142). Results showed that the majority of experts (37.7) believed that the effectiveness of centers was stood at an intermediate level. By analyzing the relationships between the factors and the effectiveness of centers, we infer that there is a significant relationship between workforce, legislation, funding, planning, evaluation, budget, planning, evaluation, organizational communication and participation of the beneficiaries with effectiveness of centers. In multiple linear regression, planning variables, participation of the beneficiaries and organizational communication of centers demonstrate 53% of changes in the dependent variable.

Present Research with purpose prioritizing the cultivation productions in Birjand city, southern Khorasan Province. statistical population of this research are experts of agriculture Jihad Organization of southern Khorasan Province. The population of sample’s research estimated 133 by Cochran formula and the information has been gathered by questionnaire method in 2008-2009 and AHP technique (Analytical Hierarchy Process) was used for analyze the data. The results of the research show that water resources and agricultural development factors in Birjand city are the main factor of determined cultivation pattern. Also of among autumn products, saffron, wheat and barley located in first priority and cotton of among spring production located in first priority for cultivate, Also, Sugar beet and corn located in the lowest priority for cultivate.

The objective of this study was economic assessment of greenhouse-cucumber production units in Birjand Township and investigation of factors influencing it. Statistical population of this research consisted of all the greenhouse owners in Birjand (50 units). For economic assessment, the profitability index (TR/TC) and discriminative analysis were used. Based on the TR/TC index and cluster analysis with –K mean method, the considered society was divided into two groups of successful and less-successful units. The median of this index was more than 1.49 in the successful group and less than1.49 in the other group. After dividing the groups by discriminative analysis, the variables distinguishing the groups were determined. Results showed that the most important variables which influence the TR/TC index and distinguish these two groups are amount of applied micronutrients, greenhouse area, number of irrigations, amount of the applied manure, educational-extension films, and visiting other greenhouse-owners’ activities.

Slum is a character of urbanization and urban is the main character of industrial society. In pre-industrial societies, production activities concentrated in rural areas, the main activity was agriculture.and farmers formed much of the work force, while the population of cities, small towns and many residents had no significant employment base. With the advent of the industrial revolution changed all these dimensions and entering new industries, the need for labor increased in urban areas, thus ¬ a major migration to the cities, villages spread (Mohseni, 1998). Today, all cities are faced with the phenomenon marginalized, so that the Babar mentioned to some slum (kind of marginalized) in England in the 100 years ago and refers them knows from the

The current research is aimed to identify the students’ learning styles from Agriculture Faculty of Islamic Azad University, Birjand branch. Methodologically, this research was carried out based on descriptive-survey strategy. The statistical population of current research consisted of 555 students from which 69 samples were selected using Cochran Formula. Then for appropriate allocation, 89 samples considered as final using randomized stratified sampling method. A questionnaire, including Felder-Soloman index of Learning Styles was applied as the research tool. Validity of the questionnaire was established using comments of a group of experts. The durability of different sections of the questionnaire was confirmed based on calculating Cranach's alpha coefficient of reliability. Correlation coefficient and T test was exploited in order to analyze collected data. Results showed that most of students have active learning style as far as processing aspect is concerned, and in terms of perception, most of students have intuitive style. From presentational point of view, the majorities of students have verbal style and from the aspect of perspective/understanding, most of students follow sequential style. Results obtained from analyzing correlation coefficient suggested that there is a 5% significance level between students’ learning style and some educational patterns -using seminars and conferences in teaching, teaching method based on work in laboratories and workshop, utilizing internship as an efficient teaching method, satisfaction from teaching theoretical courses, and employing a combination of educational resources- which shows a positive relationship within this context. In addition, results revealed that there was also a significantly negative relationship between applying the presented lecture as the teaching method and active learning style score of students. T-test results showed there is no significant difference between students in terms of learning style score and gender, major or university degree levels.

This study was carried out to investigate factors affecting the capaability of farmers in risk management. The statistical population consisted of 19536 wheat farmers from Khorasan-E-Razavi Province, Iran, who had been cultivating wheat during the farming year 2005- 2006 under the supervision of wheat experts. A stratified random sampling technique was employed, and while a number of 400 farmers consistituting the sample size of the study. The reliability and validity of the tools employed in the study were confirmed through pilot study and expert judgment. The results indicated that most threatening risks in wheat production were either natural or of economic nature and the most important strategies taken to confront them were either technological or financial ones. Correlational analysis revealed that there were significant relationships between a farmers’ capaability in risk management and his educational standing, his attitude towards risk, crop yield per unit land, level of land under wheat cultivation, total area of the cropping land, wheat marketing value, frequency and extent of consultation with agricultural experts and TV programs.

Land is one of the most important effective factors in production in agricultural sector. Existence of small owners units due to the lack of effective use of technology, machinery and agricultural production tools are restricting factors for profiting and yielding in agricultural sector. The purpose of this study was prioritizing the preventive factors of extension of land Consolidation Plan in Darmian city, south Khorasan.For this purpose, Darmian city, was selected as the research area. The method has been in the form of field work and the information gathered by questionnaire and the data were examined by the use of AHP technique (Analytical Hierarchy Process) and the Expert Choice software. The results of the research shows that the social factor in Darmian city is the main preventive factor and the cultural, economic and structural factors are in the next priority.

The present research study has been conducted with an aim to examine logistically factors that are effective in accepting insurance of pistachio product among pistachio growers in South Khorasan Province. The target population in the study was a total of (N=8253) pistachio growers in South Khorasan Province. The research instrument was a questionnaire including 24 questions validity and reliability of which were admitted. Reliability of the questionnaire was assessed and approved by a panel consisting of senior agricultural experts. Also Cronbach's alpha was used to estimate its reliability which showed an average of 75% for different part of the questionnaire. The result of correlation analysis showed that factors such as age, membership in cooperatives, level of education, willingness for participation in training extension classes, contact with extension agents, contact with mass-media, getting supportive facilities, commitment of insurance in observing its undertakings, low-level of compensation, prudence of pistachio growers, failure to timely payment of compensation, area under pistachio cultivation, high rates of premium, low rate of selling price, contact level with insurance experts and officials, and communication with rural councils and local officials as well as pistachio growing background had significant effect on accepting pistachio insurance. But, other factors such as inaccessibility to insurance centers, non-awareness of conditions and advantage of insurance, dissatisfaction of other farmers and income of pistachio growers had no significant effect on accepting pistachio insurance. The results of logistic regression indicated that the variable of the background of pistachio cultivation with 65% had the highest rate of influence on anticipating acceptance of insurance and the variable of contact with agricultural extension agents with 20% had the lowest influence in this regard. Therefore, it is recommended that insurance agencies work with pistachio growers who have a longer record of pistachio cultivation and their under cultivation land is above 2.7 hectares.

The objective in this research is to consideration relation between Quality of Work Life (QWL) and Ramin Agricultural and Natural Resource university personnel's performance. The present research was carried out in the general framework of a survey research with the population being taken from Ramin Agricultural and Natural Resource university personnel, from whom 100 were sampled through random sampling procedure. Data were collected through a questionnaire and were analyzed using SPSS. The results in the descriptive part indicated that between QWL' indicators, welfare services and continual security and from functional evaluation indicators, ability and environment have the most average. In the analytical part, the results of correlation analysis indicated that educational level and marriage situation have the significant relation with function. Also, regression analysis shows that about 54 percent of the differences in amount of personnel's performance is predicated by following variables: enforcement of law, boss confidence to personnels, equitably pay and welfare services.

Land is one of the most important effective factors in production in agricultural sector. Existence of small owners units due to the lack of effective use of technology, machinery and agricultural production tools are restricting factors for profiting and yielding in agricultural sector. The purpose of this study was prioritizing the preventive factors of extension of land Consolidation Plan in Darmian city, south Khorasan.For this purpose, Darmian city, was selected as the research area. The method has been in the form of field work and the information gathered by questionnaire and the data were examined by the use of AHP technique (Analytical Hierarchy Process) and the Expert Choice software. The results of the research shows that the social factor in Darmian city is the main preventive factor and the cultural, economic and structural factors are in the next priority.