مقالات رزومه پریسا عطایی نظری

A group of traditions regard the history of acquaintance of prophet Adam with the Prophet to be back to the precreation of the latter and in the Divine Throne. The sources of the Shi'a and Sunni have reported a tradition from the Holy Prophet (pbuh) according which, Adam has seen the name of the Prophet on the Throne; and realizing his lofty status, has appealed to him so as to have his repentance accepted. The problem of the present paper is to find out the authenticity as well as the Isnad of the tradition. Thus, based on the methods of critique of hadith in the Islamic tradition, first the source, sanad and text of the tradition have been studied, and then, recognizing the transmitters, the milieu and the category of the active agents in its spread are introduced. The tradition, despite the relative authenticity of the sources, has not attracted the later traditions and the biographical and narrative sources involved in spreading it. Attribution of the tradition to the Prophet is also questionable due to the weak and unknown narrators, usage of the recent concept of the name of the Prophet being written on the Throne, as well as the lack of confirmatory tradition. The tradition finds its origin in Sunni hadith circles and Egyptian Sufis have played their role in spreading it. Thereupon, it has admitted to Imami sources through the book of Ibn Bābawayh.

The superiority of the Holy Prophet over the former prophets is one of the consensual beliefs of Muslims. According to several texts, the Imāmīs also believe in the superiority of the Ahl al-Bayt over other prophets. To explain the superiority of the Prophet and his family, some late Imāmī sources have cited a prophetic narration in Al-Amaali of Ibn Babiwayh, which informs of the conversation between the Messenger of God and a Jew about the superiority of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) and Prophet Moses (AS). The present writing assesses the possibility of this narration being issued by the Holy Prophet by using textual criticism methods. The originality of the structure of the narration is based on the parallelization of the resolvable parts of the narration in the available Islamic herritage older than Al-Amali; and the resultant is the possibility of the two last parts of the narration being borrowed from former sources based on the similarity of lexical, semantic, and declarative technique. The originality of the content is investigated according to the frequency of the central concepts of the narration in the collection of narrations attributed to Prophet Mohammad (PBUH); and the result is the strengthening of the attribution of the content of the final part of the narration to the Holy Prophet. Therefore, the narration being issued in the current format as well as the attribution of some of the themes in the text to the Holy Prophet is questionable. However, the present article does not rule out the possibility of the presentation of these themes and the teachings based on them by other infallible Imams and Criticism of the mentioned narration does not mean denying the doctrine of the superiority of holy prophet and his progeny.