ahad heydari

One significant factor affecting employee performance is high ambient temperature or heat. Numerous studies have highlighted the negative effects of heat stress in various work environments. Therefore, enhancing workers' knowledge and attitudes toward heat stress can improve their performance.

This semi-structured content analysis was conducted among tile industry workers in Yazd city in 2023. Participants engaged in both individual and group interviews. Initially, three unstructured interviews helped identify key points, followed by semi-structured interviews, which served as the primary data collection method. The study's reliability and validity were assessed using Lincoln and Guba.  Data collection continued until theoretical saturation was reached, and the findings were organized into main themes and subcategories.

The workers' perspectives on the issue were explored from various angles, leading to two main themes: knowledge and attitude, each with different subcategories. The knowledge theme includes individual and management factors, while the attitude theme encompasses individual and environmental factors.

The tile industry workers in Yazd City demonstrated varying levels of knowledge about heat stress and held attitudes that reflected the negative impacts of this stressor. Factors such as age and education level influenced their knowledge and attitudes. Workers' understanding and attitudes towards heat stress can be achieved through proper training.

Public perception of risks associated with natural disasters like flash floods significantly influences disaster management effectiveness. Flash floods pose a major threat to life and property, and a lack of tools to evaluate societal risk perception creates a critical gap.

This study aimed to design and evaluate the psychometric properties of a questionnaire specifically assessing society's perception of flash flood risk.

A two-stage approach was employed. The first stage involved collecting questionnaire items through a systematic literature review and a qualitative study. In the second stage, a comprehensive psychometric evaluation was conducted, including assessments of face validity, content validity, and construct validity. Reliability was established using Cronbach's alpha. Confirmatory factor analysis was further conducted with data collected from 136 community members who had experienced flash floods. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 20 and AMOS software.

A combination of qualitative data and systematic review findings facilitated the development of 36 initial questionnaire items. Applying quantitative and qualitative construct validity measures led to the refinement of the instrument, resulting in 29 final items categorized into three domains: Risk perception (12 items), awareness (10 items), and preparedness (7 items). The internal consistency of the instrument was confirmed by a Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.88. Factor analysis further supported the good fit of the hypothesized model to the data.

This study successfully developed and rigorously evaluated a questionnaire to assess society's perception of flash flood risk. This instrument offers valuable insights for informed decision-making and identification of factors influencing risk perception, ultimately contributing to improved disaster preparedness and management.

Climate change and hot processes in the workplaces has led to an increase in the effects of heat stress on employed people, which has become a major concern, especially in tropical and subtropical countries. Early detection of biomarkers in induction of heat stress-related DNA damage can be used in the identification and evaluation of health and safety, including occupational health professionals, as well as to prevent serious diseases caused by heat stress in various occupations with the nature of hot processes or to help different warm seasons of the year. Therefore, this review study was conducted to identify diagnostic biomarkers heat stress induced- DNA damage in occupational exposure.

Databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Web of Science were systematically searched to meet the study’s goals. Moreover, references to relevant publications were examined. Finally, suitable articles were selected and analyzed using the inclusion (studies on different occupations, different biomarkers in hot work environments, all articles published without time limit until the end of April 2022 , and English and Persian language)  and exclusion criteria.

The results of search in databases showed that 9234 articles were found in the initial search. After removing duplicate and unrelated articles, 2209 eligible articles were selected. Based on abstract full-text screening, 7166 studies were excluded, and based on abstract full-text screening, 21 studies were not accessible. Finally, seven articles were selected to be reviewed. The evidence showed that diagnostic biomarkers included the measurement of 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), micronuclei semen quality, heat shock proteins (HSP70), and leukocytes were extracted to heat stress induced- DNA damage in occupational exposure.

Based on a review of studies,  biomarkers identified are suitable for heat stress induced- DNA damage as a result of occupational exposure to extremely high heat climate conditions. Understanding and identifying appropriate biomarkers in inducing DNA damage can help health and safety professionals determine the amount and magnitude of heat stress responses in occupational exposure to different temperatures and take appropriate measures and interventions to control and reduce the hazard effects of thermal stress. This study can also be considered as a preliminary study for research in the future.

We aimed to identify indicators affecting firefighters’ resilience through a systematic review.

International electronic databases, including Web of Science, Medline through PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar, were searched on Dec 23, 2018. The search strategy was developed using main words, including firefighter, resilience, and indicators. Then, the indicators related to firefighters’ resilience were extracted and analyzed using a qualitative synthesis method.

Overall, 7178 unique documents were identified by searching different databases. Then, by screening the title and abstract, 7104 articles were excluded, and only 74 full text papers were critically studied. Finally, 31 full text articles were selected for the analysis. Quality appraisal of included studies done by modified STROBE (Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology) tool. Moreover, 186 indicators and criteria were extracted from the included studies and classified into 6 domains and 15 categories.

This study suggests six main domains, including physical health, physical fitness, mental health, life style, job-related competencies, and demographic status, to categorize different indicators of firefighters’ resilience. Building resilience in firefighters requires all these domains to be considered in the assessment, planning, and evaluation processes.

We aimed to identify the indicators and criteria to locate temporary shelters for conflict refugees.

This systematic review evaluated the full-text of the related articles in international electronic databases, such as Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, Cochran, and Google Scholar from the beginning and without time limit to 1 June 2019. In addition, this search was based on a strategy developed by the researchers. The studies were selected regardless of their methods and two data extraction forms were used to extract the most relevant and important information.

Among 10124 cases of primary documents, 38 articles were selected, and 25 articles were analyzed in full-text. Totally, 45 indicators were identified and classified into two main categories of physical and non-physical indicators with six subcategories of land ownership, host government, access to infrastructures, site safety, land characteristics, and economic, social, and cultural considerations.

The selection of temporary shelters for the conflict refugees requires the identification of all the specific influential factors not properly addressed. The final indicators obtained in our review could be incorporated into the development of the models required in this regard.

With accident investigation in industries can be concluded that a significant proportion of work-related accidents occurred in construction industry. In every year, 60.000 fatal accidents occur worldwide in construction sector and one worker dies because of an occupational accident in every 10 minutes. Safety risk identification and risk assessment in the industry is the essential element of risk management program. Except of financial loss, other aspect of political, socio-economic and cultural prospective of accidents must be considered for companies.

In this study, methodological shortcoming of traditional failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA) method and need to prioritize control measures, has been modified by analytical hierarchy of process (AHP). The FMEA used to risk identification and risk assessment in the elevated highway construction project, then using AHP accidents prioritized according to their physical, psychological, economic and socio-political burden.

In analytical hierarchy of process structure several sub-criteria for each criterion considered and weighted for each item. The five activities included crane collapse, crane collapsed, falling from height, collapse and electrocution devices that their risk priority number is more than 250 are weighted by analytical hierarchy of process.

based on literature the traditional FMEA has lots of shortcoming that it is needed to correct with other methods. This the findings of this study showed that in urban projects hazards threatening workers, citizens and company properties. Beside accidents death and injuries, they have negative consequences such as health, psychological, economical Socio – political impact. Accidents cause loss of human life; worker psychological problems, loss of worker`s productivity, damages to equipment or property and furthermore influence the organization`s reputation and profit. The conventional risk priority number (RPN) in FMEA method has been criticized to have many deficiencies and various risk priority models have been proposed to enhance the performance of FMEA in risk analysis. 
 

The risk management in construction in urban area greatly will identify the project hazards and its negative consequents. In this study, a AHP method based FMEA developed to identify and prioritize safety risk assessment in elevated expressway construction showed that the accidents In addition to the risks to life, they have political, social and cultural consequences.