ali ghaempanah tajabadi

Seyyed Mohammad Rezamirzadeh Eshghi, an Iranian poet, writer and journalist, was born in Hamedan in 1273 AH. He is one of the famous and passionate figures of the constitutional era in Iran. Emotion and music are inextricably linked in his poetry, and literary arts and semantic sciences play a prominent role in his poetry. What is evident in Eshghi's poetry is the social aspect of his poetry in such a way that the socio-political content of his poems is connected with the life of contemporary people. In this research, the author is trying to evaluate and analyze all kinds of news and essay sentences using western words in love poems in a descriptive-analytical and library method. The results of the research show that Eshghi has criticized the social and political issues, the chaos of the country and the interference of foreigners in government affairs in his news and essays by using western vocabulary and by using imagery and creating themes, using the language of humor and irony. use poetic images in the service of his social and political ideals and express sharp political criticisms in the form of news and essays.

The constitutional era is one of the ups and downs of Iran's history, in which the results of the industrial progress of the West reached the third world countries and Iran. Therefore, researching and examining the poems of poets of this period will lead to more familiarity with the political, economic and social conditions of that era. In this research, an attempt has been made to "investigate Western vocabulary and terms in the depiction and theme-creation of the poetry of the constitutional era by means of a descriptive-analytical method and with library tools, relying on the divan of Malik al-Shaarai Bahar's poems." The findings of the research show that Bahar used imagery and thematization to express political, cultural and social themes due to familiarity with the past texts of the Persian language. In the thematic section, Bahar has used western loanwords more than other poets of his time, and in the illustration section, irony array has been used the most and he has created an image with the help of expression techniques with western words. The importance of using loan words in Diwan Bahar is that it expresses the atmosphere of cultural, political, social and economic relations between Iran and the countries of France, England and Russia. The high frequency of borrowing French words expresses political and social issues and the use of Russian words is mostly due to economic and industrial relations.

Loss is a dynamic and living phenomenon that changes over time and in its extent, many changes occur. One of its most important features is borrowing from other languages. In the constitutional period, this issue was done in the poems of poets such as Iraj Mirza, due to factors such as the prevalence of printing industry in Iran, familiarity of Iranians with European literature, translation and publication of European works, etc. Is. In this research, the authors have used a descriptive-analytical method and with the help of library tools to "study Western words and expressions in the illustration and thematic creation of Iraj Mirza's poems". The findings of the study indicate that Iraj used Western words in his poems and the frequency of French words in his poems in relation to administrative terms is the most Western words and social and political terms, military, Western tools. In everyday life, modern, cultural, literary, and scientific places are next in order. In this regard, the poet, more in a humorous way, has used novel and expressive industries in order to be able to acquaint people better with the situation of his time.