ali ghafari

Positive thinking is one of the most widely used categories in psychology, which plays an important role in creating inner satisfaction and inner peace of human beings. This sense of peace, happiness and health in life depends on the attitude of man towards life and his analysis of events and happenings. On the other hand, the teachings of Islam and especially the holy hadiths play an important role in creating this insight in the individual and by providing excellent themes and contents strengthen the belief in positivism about life and the purpose of creation and how to deal with events and problems. . This research has been done with the aim of describing and analyzing positive thinking and with emphasis on the category of benevolence and charity from the perspective of modern psychology as well as positivist Islamic thought and with emphasis on holy hadiths. Findings indicate that the structure of positive thinking in the view of Islamic teachings, while many similarities with the literature of psychology, also has advantages over this category. Obstacles of benevolence in positivist thought can include greed, avarice, greed, neglect of the real self, and the underlying factors of benevolence in positivist thought can be understanding the value of good and untying the knots of the problems of fellow human beings, helping the seeker as a tool for The human test pointed to the promise of divine reward to the orphans' supporters.

A deep learning pipeline consisting of two deep convolutional neural networks (DeepCNN) was developed, and its capability to differentiate uptake patterns of different radiopharmaceuticals and to further categorize PET images based on the body regions was explored.

We trained two sets of DeepCNN to determine (i) the type of radiopharmaceutical ([18F]FDG and [68Ga]Ga-PSMA) used in imaging (i.e., a binary classification task), and (ii) body region including head and neck, thorax, abdomen, and pelvis (i.e., a 4-class classification task), using the 2D axial slices of PET images. The models were trained and tested for five different scan durations, thus studying different noise levels.

The accuracy of the binary classification models developed for different scan duration levels was 98.9%–99.6%, and for the 4-class classification models in the range of 98.3%–99.9 ([18F]FDG) and 97.8%–99.6% ([68Ga]Ga-PSMA).

We were able to reliably detect the type of radiopharmaceutical used in PET imaging and the body region of the PET images at different scan duration levels. These deep learning (DL) models can be used together as a preliminary input pipeline for the use of models specific to a type of radiopharmaceutical or body region for different applications and for extracting appropriate data from unclassified images.

The problem, scope and purpose of the research: Saveh city has experienced rapid and extensive growth during the last decades due to its industrial and transportation location. The rapid increase in the population of cities has caused the appearance of characteristics and conditions in their structure and function. Also, urban growth is associated with land use change and increased city activities. Therefore, it can be emphasized that urbanization is an inevitable process that occurs as a result of economic development and rapid population growth. Urbanization and its consequences is the main problem of many urban areas in the world, which includes the indiscriminate expansion of the city towards the peripheral areas with poor planning and control, unplanned urbanization has caused major problems such as pollution, traffic, deforestation and density of places. This study was conducted to answer the following two basic questions and

What is the appropriate model for predicting the urban growth of Saveh? How much do economic-cultural factors affect the growth of Saveh city?

This research was conducted with a combination of documentary methods and secondary data analysis. The field of research was Saveh city, then data analysis was done using specialized software such as SLEUTH model analysis.

The growth rate of Saveh city was very high compared to other cities of the same size, and the massive migration to it in the last seventy years, especially in the last five decades, has been ongoing. The process of changes in the city and its dimensions and its various elements during the period from 1335 to 1395 have been investigated and analyzed.

Saveh city has an important position in the local, regional and national development system for various reasons, and studying the growth process of the city and its patterns and consequences is very necessary for policy makers. The selection of the most suitable growth scenario for Saveh city and its planning were also introduced along with the basic and effective problems, opportunities and possibilities of policies and strategies.

The housing debate has dimensions beyond just shelter, and among these dimensions, the social dimension is considered a measure of the growth of any society. One of the factors of the social dimension is the amount and type of social interactions among the residents of that society. However, in new constructions, less attention is paid to the social dimension.
By studying in this area, the importance of allocating a suitable space for the interaction of the residents of the complex, especially the open and semi-open space, is determined. The purpose of this research is to extract and identify the criteria of semi-open space effective on social interactions. In the step of reviewing the literature, using the descriptive-analytical method, to identify frequently repeated criteria with high impact capacity that considered both semi-open space and social interactions. Then, using the method of logical independence and comparative analogy, the criteria that exist separately in interactions or semi-open space were examined and their commonalities were identified as new criteria, and the frequency of all criteria was obtained through content analysis. Then, by using the Shannon entropy technique, all 34 criteria were measured and the main and most important criteria were obtained, among which the criteria for the provision of the territory of space provision related to the new criteria were identified.

Organizational ambidexterity refers to the ability of organizations to perform conflicting and contradictory activities. This concept is important in innovative technology-based organizations, because these organizations need to combine creativity and innovation with efficiency and productivity. As a technology-based organization, ACECR needs a duality to commercialize its innovative products and services. The aim of the current research is to design an ambidexterity development model of technology-oriented organizations to commercialize innovative products.

The research strategy is based on foundational data theorizing, and the data analysis method of the current research is the Strauss and Corbin’s systematic method (systematic model), and the data collection was done with the interview tool. In the qualitative phase, 16 interviews were conducted with the experts of technological organizations of ACECR and four additional interviews were also conducted to achieve theoretical saturation. In the quantitative phase, the descriptive-survey research method was used, and in this phase, the data collection tool was a questionnaire.

Organizational ambidexterity management has been identified as a central category in this research, and its subcategory concepts include ambidexterity structure management, innovative culture management, and ambidexterity process management, which constitute the central category. The causal conditions in this research include ambidexterity management and leadership, ambidextrous human resources are multifaceted structures. On the other hand, the bases include organizational ambidextrous culture, upstream documents, and Jihadi culture. Also, the strategies resulting from the foundation's data theorizing model include designing two-way human resources processes, designing a technology commercialization model, designing an organizational two-way evaluation system, and designing a resource allocation system. On the other hand, institutional communication in the field of science and technology and the environment of organizational ambivalence as intervening and ultimately value-creating factors, completing the technology chain, organizational development, and management of organizational contradictions, the consequences of identifying and explaining the factors affecting organizational ambidexterity in the direction of commercialization which have been in technology-based organizations.

The management of organizational ambidexterity plays a significant role in the success of commercialization of technology-based organizations. Management of structure, culture, and dual processes are key factors affecting organizational duality. Also, conditions such as ambidextrous management and leadership, ambidextrous human resources and multifaceted structures affect this process. Consequently, it is suggested that organizations focus on strategies such as the design of dual commercialization processes and models to provide the necessary ground to achieve duality and successful commercialization. It is necessary to conduct more studies in this area.

Myocardial infarction (MI) is a major cause of death, particularly during the first year. The avoidance of potentially fatal outcomes requires expeditious preventative steps. Machine learning (ML) is a subfield of artificial intelligence science that detects the underlying patterns of available big data for modeling them. This study aimed to establish an ML model with numerous features to predict the fatal complications of MI during the first 72 hours of hospital admission.

We applied an MI complications database that contains the demographic and clinical records of patients during the 3 days of admission based on 2 output classes: dead due to the known complications of MI and alive. We utilized the recursive feature elimination (RFE) method to apply feature selection. Thus, after applying this method, we reduced the number of features to 50. The performance of 4 common ML classifier algorithms, namely logistic regression, support vector machine, random forest, and extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), was evaluated using 8 classification metrics (sensitivity, specificity, precision, false-positive rate, false-negative rate, accuracy, F1-score, and AUC).

In this study of 1699 patients with confirmed MI, 15.94% experienced fatal complications, and the rest remained alive. The XGBoost model achieved more desirable results based on the accuracy and F1-score metrics and distinguished patients with fatal complications from surviving ones (AUC=78.65%, sensitivity=94.35%, accuracy=91.47%, and F1- score=95.14%). Cardiogenic shock was the most significant feature influencing the prediction of the XGBoost algorithm.

XGBoost algorithms can be a promising model for predicting fatal complications following MI.

Comparing the intuitions and thoughts of Muslim mystics and Suhrawardī regarding the existence of God and the Light of lights and extracting the differences and commonalities of their views provide the ground for promoting their thoughts and also the optimal use of their works. This article, with a descriptive-analytical method, tries to prove the states of inclusive unity (wāḥidiyya) and exclusive unity (aḥadiyya) in the essence of the Light of lights and argue for the ontological primacy of existence in the Illuminationist philosophy of Suhrawardī. Two questions are dealt with in this article. The first is whether, despite his lack of explication, the intuitive divine states of inclusive and exclusive unity of mystics' God can be ascribed to Suhrawardī's Light of lights, too. The second issue is whether according to Suhrawardī's implicit endorsement of the primacy of existence, the existence of Suhrawardī's God is the same as the existence of mystics' God, and according to his endorsement of the primacy of quiddity, they are not the same. The result is that Suhrawardī has implicitly accepts the mystic states of inclusive and exclusive unity of God and renders the existence of God and the Light of lights identical, not their quiddities.

32-time scan duration reduction of 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose )18F-FDG( Positron Emission Tomography (PET) images through the generation of standard scan duration images using a multi-slice cycle-consistent Generative Adversarial Network (cycle-GAN) was studied. Also, the effect of the image augmentation methods on the performance of the cycle-GAN model was evaluated.

Four subsets of standard and 32-time short scan duration PET image pairs, each contacting image data of 10 patients were used to train and test (80 percent for training and 20 percent for testing) a multi-slice cycle-GAN separately. Another patient’s image data was used as the validation dataset for different training subsets. When training the cycle-GAN model for each subset, two approaches were followed: with and without image augmentation. Common image quality metrics of Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio )PSNR (, Structural Similarity Index Measure )SSIM(, and Normalized Root Mean Squared Error )NRMSE( were used to assess the generation performance of the cycle-GAN model. Paired sample t-test statistical testing with a confidence interval of 0.95 was used to determine whether the differences between approaches were statistically significant or not.

For subsets 1-3, both training approaches improved the image quality of the short scan duration inputs (p < 0.001) while for subset 4 only the training approach with image augmentation was capable of improving the image quality. However, the training approach with image augmentation offered better results than the approach without image augmentation (p < 0.001).

Employing the training approach with image augmentation, the cycle-GAN model was capable of improving the image quality of 1/32nd short scan duration images through the generation of synthetic standard scan duration images. In the case of the training approach without image augmentation, except for subset 4, the model trained on all subsets 1-3 was capable of improving the image quality. Image augmentation does indeed improve the performance of the cycle-GAN model, especially in the case of insufficient available training datasets.

This research has been conducted with the aim of describing and analyzing behavior therapy and modifying behavioral patterns and reducing school students' anxiety with two approaches of psychology and Islamic thought in accordance with holy hadiths and Quranic verses. In examining a large number of Islamic sources, including verses and traditions related to the subject, the findings of the research show that most of the verses of the Qur'an and hadiths are in line with psychological science in terms of concepts and themes. These hadiths mainly have moral, mystical and psychological themes that encourage their audience to behave well and acquire virtues and avoid vices in order to achieve self-awareness and discover inner and natural talents that lead to reducing stress, worry and strengthening positive thinking in a person. , they call The following article, considering the importance of the subject, the important role and place of verses and hadiths, in Islamic societies, especially among education instructors, and on the other hand, the impact of schools on the formation of students' personalities and the use of new methods, tries to follow the example of Desirable and accepted behavioral characteristics of psychology and religious teachings, try to improve and strengthen the ideal behavior of students by reducing stress, anxiety and achieving self-confidence in them.

Dogs are associated with more than 60 types of common diseases with humans, among which parasitic diseases play an important role in public health. This study aimed to estimate the frequency of gastrointestinal helminths fauna among dogs in Gorgan, Iran.

This descriptive-analytical study was done on 70 dogs (37 male and 33 female) consisting of 40 shelter dogs, 18 pet dogs and 14 guard dogs in Gorgan (Iran) from November 2019 to January 2020. Age, gender and housing places of the dogs were recorded, and dogs' fecal samples were examined for gastrointestinal helminths by flotation method with Sheather's solution.

The eggs of gastrointestinal helminths were detected in 41 dogs (58.6%), including Toxocara canis (29.3%), Echino-taenia (26.8%), hookworms (24.4%), Trichuris vulpis (7.3%) and Toxascaris leonina (12.2%). The highest and lowest rates of infection were related to Toxocara canis (31.8%) in female dogs Trichuris vulpis (5.3%) in male dogs, respectively. Also, in female dogs, 69.7% of the samples were infected with at least one gastrointestinal parasite, and there was a significant relationship between parasitic disease and female gender (P<0.05). Also, the highest infection rate was observed in shelter dogs (61%).

The frequency of gastrointestinal helminths among dogs in Gorgan is high, particularly among female dogs.

In addition to performing all its standard functions in other urban areas, an urban space in a historic district should play its role at a higher multifaceted level matching the characteristics of a historic district with established identity. Accordingly, the present work aimed to discover how the components of an urban space, on the one hand, and the constituent elements of the flow of life in a historic district, on the other, are linked and interact so as to enable reasonable management of urban space potentials in a historic district and their proper application to enhance the quality of life for the residents and users.

Theoretical Framework

The model consisted of six components defining the following factors: the environmental component, with life quality in micro‑spaces and environmental sustainability as criteria; the empirical-aesthetic component, with old-new area integration and quality of urban landscape as criteria; the functional component, with variety in environment usage, environmental liveliness and quality, safety and security, and transportation and accessibility as criteria; the socio-cultural component, with social liveliness and cohesion and maintenance of population balance as criteria; the economic component, with economic liveliness and stability and flexibility of development plans as a criterion; and the temporal component, with time management in public spaces and continuity of place as criteria.Generated based on the urban space components, the presented conceptual model offered a new approach to urban planning and management, and was concerned with all the urban regeneration measures adopted in historic districts. Functioning on local, regional, urban, and extramural scales, it can also assume applications in the quality assessment of measures adopted in public arenas within historic districts.

The above strategy will in turn keep indigenous residents in historic contexts, have immigrants to those areas return, and bring about socio-economic and environmental sustainability. Employing logical reasoning, the Delphi method, and expert opinions, this descriptive-analytical study first discussed the urban space components and their qualitative requirements. Next, the dimensions and measures of the quality of urban life were analyzed, and their factors concerning the urban space and environmental quality and topics formed on urban design, planning, and management were identified based on the theoretical views found in the literature. In the next step, the factors extracted based on the characteristic features of historic districts were monitored and reviewed. The 91 factors obtained from the Delphi method were reduced to 64 after views and comments from about forty experts in the field were applied. Finally, the results were presented as a conceptual model describing the role of urban spaces on quality‑of‑life enhancement in historic urban districts.

According to the findings, there are many physical–functional and environmental qualities in public urban spaces that can guarantee the arena’s success in provision of the residents and users of historic districts with satisfaction. However, taking notice of economic activities and social mobility in these districts is fundamental to the effectiveness of a measure adopted for enhancement of the quality of life in public arenas within historic districts. Meanwhile, a rise in the sensitivity of local communities to the values of historic districts and the potentials of public arenas for enhancement of the quality of life therein encourages them to assume an active role in the application of these arenas and the local communities’ socio-economic potentials in enhancement of the quality of public arenas. This can also enable these communities to express problems and propose solutions; in some cases, it can even lead to innovative financing ideas for project implementation. In tandem with urban planning, it ensures the sustainability of public arenas in historic districts, and improves the quality of life for their residents and users. Therefore, the issues of socio-cultural livability and dynamic economy are the cornerstones of the formation of quality spaces within historic districts, and the quality of life will not improve regardless of the triad of the environment, society, and economy.

The presented conceptual model, based on the urban space components, offers a new approach to urban planning and management, and is concerned with all the urban regeneration measures adopted in historic districts. Functioning on local, regional, urban, and extramural scales, the model can also assume applications in the quality assessment of measures implemented in public arenas within historic districts. Here is a brief description of the intervention measures adopted for these districts and their regeneration process based on the proposed model.The socio-cultural component. Contextualizing, contributing to/collaborating with, providing a process orientation for, innovating, and influencing the satisfaction of residents and users in public areas, utilizing the contribution/collaboration from the users of public arenas, delegating authority to non‑governmental organizations for utilization management, allowing for effective, constructive interaction among the organizations involved in the quality enhancement of historic districts and observing the pertinent legal frameworks, clarifying the procedures and promoting the accountability of officials, and respecting the cultural, social, and economic structures of life in the district.The empirical-aesthetic component. Integrating old and new spaces within public arenas while respecting the features of their historic districts and taking notice of the mass and space simultaneously and avoiding shell designs.The environmental component. Reducing environmental pollution and protecting energy resources and the natural heritage.The functional component. Providing a favorable impact on space liveliness and enhancing social inclusion to be able to hold various events.The economic component. Helping businesses flourish and promoting tourism.The temporal component. Taking notice of nightlife, holding seasonal, monthly, and weekly events and recognizing the sense of place and making an effort to preserve it within the environment.

This research seeks to assess the consequences of development in Iran. In this way, with the approach of qualitative method and using a semiotic technique inspired by Pierce's views. In this study, eight movies were selected from the new wave movies of the 40s and 50s and used different levels of theories to find answers to the questions of this study. The results show that "Western modernization", and "Westernization" are the categories represented as the consequences of development in these films. Because development means economic growth, Europeanization of customs, and living in a big city, but also a particular way of thinking about people and life that the films in question have not represented.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19), first reported in December 2019 in Wuhan, China, has become a pandemic. Chest imaging is used for the diagnosis of Covid-19 patients and can address problems concerning Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) shortcomings. Chest X-ray images can act as an appropriate alternative to Computed Tomography (CT) for diagnosing Covid-19. The purpose of this study is to use a Deep Learning method for diagnosing Covid-19 cases using chest X-ray images. Thus, we propose Covidense based on the pre-trained Densenet-201 model and is trained on a dataset comprising chest X-ray images of Covid-19, normal, bacterial pneumonia, and viral pneumonia cases.

In this study, a total number of 1280 chest X-ray images of Covid-19, normal, bacterial and viral pneumonia cases were collected from open access repositories. Covidense, a convolutional neural network model, is based on the pre-trained DenseNet-201 architecture, and after pre-processing the images, it has been trained and tested on the images using the 5-fold cross-validation method.

The accuracy of different classifications including classification of two classes (Covid-19, normal), three classes 1 (Covid-19, normal and bacterial pneumonia), three classes 2 (Covid-19, normal and viral pneumonia), and four classes (Covid-19, normal, bacterial pneumonia and viral pneumonia) are 99.46%, 92.86%, 93.91 %, and 91.01% respectively.

This model can differentiate pneumonia caused by Covid-19 from other types of pneumonia, including bacterial and viral. The proposed model offers high accuracy and can be of great help for effective screening. Thus, reducing the rate of infection spread. Also, it can act as a complementary tool for the detection and diagnosis of Covid-19.

Textual or intermediate media is the physical channel of communication provided by Paul ‎Simpson. This media is very closely related to the language of the text provided, so research into ‎the language of the Bible as a technical term is one of the basics. Understanding and interpreting ‎it is an important and at the same time new subject. Although many researches have been done in ‎this field, they have not given a comprehensive and sufficient answer to this issue. Due to its ‎importance, in order to eliminate the ambiguities and shortcomings in this theoretical and ‎fundamental research, the issue has been addressed by content analysis method. The necessary ‎information has been collected in a documentary and library manner, and then by analyzing the ‎available findings, it was concluded that the textual media of the Qur'an is more in line with the ‎style of speech for the reasons presented, and although in The language of the Old Testament is ‎not controversial but corresponds to the writing style of the documentation provided‏.‏

Growing urbanization has different consequences which one of them is increasing the temperature of cities thus, more usage of mechanical air-condition, more energy consumption and environmental and health consequences are inevitable. The necessity of thermal mitigating methods in designing sustainable cities, especially by adjusting received radiation, has been emphasized. Therefore, Sky View Factor (SVF) as a quantitative index has been proposed.  Considering the fact that, urban streets have the largest area among other urban spaces and play an important role in thermal comfort in cities, streets in hot and dry climate (Isfahan) in two directions of N-S and E-W were selected.

In this study, field studies and simulation have been applied. Field study has been conducted in 17 streets with different width, closeness and green coverage, in summer 2014.. In ENVI-met  5 green arrangements in 3 closeness scale (1, 1/2, ¼) were simulated to investigate green and physical SVF separately. Data gathering, calculating SVF (Rayman has been applied in field study), homogenizing data and statistical and logical analysis between variations, in the procedure applied in both methods.

The minimum SVF, which is effective to heat mitigation in Isfahan, is 0.6, which can be greenery or buildings. In addition, the most effective SVF is less than 0.2. As a result, Sabat with SVF equals to zero have been a traditional smart choice in this climate. 

Discussion and Conclusion:

Finally, the results indicate a relatively high accuracy of three methods in estimating the transmission potential for land use and land cover changes, but according to the kappa coefficients, the accuracy of Similarity Weighted Instance based Learning method more than the other two methods.

Delayed graft function (DGF) is an early complication after kidney transplantation with negative impact on allograft outcomes. This study assessed the effect of delayed initiation of tacrolimus as a nephrotoxic drug, on DGF occurrence and allograft function.

This randomized, open‑label clinical trial was conducted on kidney transplant recipients with the age of at least 14 years who underwent the first kidney transplantation from deceased or living donor. Patients were randomly allocated to immediate (n = 26) or delayed tacrolimus (n = 27) groups. All patients received thymoglobulin as induction therapy and similar maintenance immunosuppression including tacrolimus, mycophenolate, and prednisolone with the difference in the time of initiation of tacrolimus either on the day of transplantation (immediate tacrolimus group) or day 3 after transplant (delayed tacrolimus group).

DGF incidence (46.15% vs. 37.04%; P = 0.501) and duration (9.75 ± 6.41 vs. 8.6 ± 6.16 days; P = 0.675) were not different between the immediate and delayed tacrolimus groups. Estimated creatinine clearance using Cockcroft–Gault equation (63.14 ± 18.81 vs. 58.19 ± 19.42 mL/min in immediate and delayed tacrolimus groups respectively; P = 0.373) and estimated acute rejection‑free survival were also comparable between the groups over the 3 months of follow‑up. Compared with the immediate group, the delayed tacrolimus group showed higher estimated 3‑month grafts’ survival (100% vs. 84.27%; P = 0.072).

Delayed initiation of tacrolimus after kidney transplantation under the umbrella of thymoglobulin induction did not result in either lower incidence or duration of DGF or improved the level of graft function in kidney transplant recipients but non-statistically significant increased 3‑month grafts' survival.

Tomosynthesis is a new technology of digital mammography that enables the acquisition of a three - dimensional image and allows visualization of cancers not apparent by conventional mammography. Ultrasound (US) is also used for tumor monitoring, which is highly operator dependent and has some problems with reproducibility. US is also an easily available and noninvasive modality. Our goal is to have a comparison between breast ultrasound and tomosynthesis to determine which modality is better.
In a prospective study of 200 consecutive women using the DBT and MRI added to digital mammography (DM) and ultrasound (US) imaging techniques. Accuracy measurements were estimated using a lesion-by-lesion analysis for unifocal, multifocal/multicentric, bilateral and all carcinomas. They also calculated sensitivity according to breast density.
DBT had a higher sensitivity than digital mammography alone and also had higher sensitivity in non-dense breast compared to dense breasts. Ultrasound had higher sensitivity in dense breasts. Ultrasound may result in false-negative findings, especially in the absence of a discrete mass. Digital breast tomosynthesis enables the production of images that eliminate the problem of superimposition of breast tissue, particularly in women with dense breast parenchyma.
Ultrasound had better detection functionality in dense breasts while it was unable to discriminate between lesion types due to tissue overlap requiring biopsy for further examinations. DBT is designed for the purpose of resolving tissue overlap especially when ultrasound modality was unable to determine lesion types. Further examinations and studies should be hold to determine which modality has better overall economical and detection efficiency.

Increased speed of life has changed the cities in different ways and has caused many consequences. One of them is heating intensity in the cities compared with their surroundings. Heating stress has some different impacts on residents, from residents’ health to economic consequences. Their health is in danger because of thermal stress, greenhouse gasses, and pollution, and there would be economic consequences upon people’s life, due to increasing energy consumption. Thus, controlling urban temperature is an important factor in the design process. Urban design with its tools including urban morphology can play an imperative role in the passive cooling design. Isfahan has been selected with regard to its climate and hot summers, its urban changes in recent years and droughts. The thermal impact of changing urban morphology is an object of this study. Two phases have been designed in this study. In the first phase, comparison of land surface temperature, LST, were conducted in years 2000 and 2014 in Isfahan. In this regard, satellite images of Landsat 7, ETM in Envi 4.7 were used. Six districts were selected with maximum differences in LST between the years of 2000 and 2014. The changes in the natural environment have been studied by urban greenery and water, and built environment including sky view factor, closeness and materials. In the second phase of the study, a field measurement was conducted in the coolest and the hottest districts. Selecting a base point in each area and comparing the measurement points with this reference point illustrated the morphological impact in each point. The increasing of 562 ha of the hot spaces of the city (>40°C) in 14 years of study illustrated that the city had clearly become warmer. Furthermore, the maximum alterations were seen in urban greenery (NDVI) and water, which emphasizes their impact on heating of the city. Due to drying up the main river of the city, i.e. Zayandeh Rood, and its branches, i.e. Madies, the thermal surface has increased dramatically. Besides, decreased water has affected different parameters in thermal comfort. Moreover, 14% decrease of urban greenery has an important role in increase of surface and air temperature. The consequence of changing urban greenery and its thermal impact in some districts with more vegetation in 2014 than 2000 and some districts with less greenery have been approved in this study. In-built environment parameters, the vacant land or a large areas of asphalt like large squares were two important factors, especially in surface temperature. These impacts in the historical district of Isfahan, created very hot points in this areas. Inferior materials for insulations were another factor which has affected the LST. Sky view factor as an undeniable factor in thermal comfort has been changed between 2000 and 2014. Although in some districts the SVF has decreased, mainly by increasing the height of buildings, in other districts the SVF have increased due to cutting the shading trees. Decreasing SVF especially by shading trees is recommended in this study. The most important result of this study is showing the impact of urban designer’s role in heat mitigation in the cities by controlling urban morphology.

The Validity of Survey was approved by human resources experts in University of Tehran and reliability has been calculated using Cronbach's alpha coefficient in Which the Coefficient of each Dependent and Independent variable Calculated more than 0.7. The Statistical Population of this Research included as Employees of University of Tehran Including staff and Expert Managers, this population is total of 4000, 384 Sample Selected By Cochrane Formula, Finally 400 questionnaires were distributed among Employee and Managers and for Decreasing The rate of Falling Out, more questionnaires Distributed, Finally 400 Survey was used to analyze the data. For Information analysis, structural equation modeling technique used applying path analysis using LISREL 8.88; the results of the analysis showed that the hypothesis of human resource management Practices has significant and positive impact on organizational performance in University of Teran

In this article we are going to investigate effect of factors effect turnover intention. Population is all of employees of education administration of Kurdistan Province and sample includes 140 people of this population which were selected randomly. Competitiveness questionnaire of Brown et al.(1198), self efficacy of Jones (1986), effort of Brown and Leigh(1996), performance of Babin and Boles(1998), job satisfaction of Hartline and Ferrell(1996), turnover intention of Hartline and Allen(2000) were used to aggregate data. We took advantage factor analysis for validity of instruments. LISREL and SPSS were used to data analysis. Results show that competitiveness, self efficacy and effort have meaningful effect on performance; self efficacy and effort have meaningful effect on job satisfaction; performance and job satisfaction have meaningful effect on turnover intention and finally structural model between variables was desirable (GFI: 0.94, AGFI: 0.92 and RMSEA: 0.031).

The mysticism of Ibn –Arabi is one of manifestation and appearance. It is a notion that is of great importance in mysticism, being as it were, a key word in mysticism. Although ibn –Arabi emphasize on the unrecognizability of absolute reality the stage of essence and oneness ,he agree that absolute reality reveals itself through various ways in existence worlds especially in the world of senses. In the mystical vision of ibnArabi ,this important matter takes place in the form of manifestation, love, divine soul, Ama. In him visions, reality has the greatest presence in the upper level of these worlds and the smallest presence in the lower levels. Human beings, in him school (system) is considered the pivotal point of the world. Ibn-Arabi knows human beings, especially the complete human being, to be the microcosm (minor world) and also the spirit of the macrocosm (major world). He believes that God created human being in his own image and likeness. Ibn-Arabi recognizes Mohamadian (peace of God upon him) reality as the most complete, the most excellent, and the very first manifestation of realty, culminating in the complete human bring. This Mohamadian reality has one cosmic preexisting being (one cosmic eternal), is the means of emanation and totality of all fixed objects (archepts) .

Nowadays, planning is no longer considered merely a scientific and technical career nor agovernment responsibity. It rather functions as a bridge connecting the planners to institutional changes. In otherwords, the planning theory does not develop in a social, economic and political vacuum, but is formulated byindividuals in social situations with the aim of clarifying the enviroment recommending appropriate procedures andprocesses. The purpose of this research was to identify the explanatory and normative capability of the StrategicStructural Plans theory in the context of institutionalism so as to enhance the capacity of its application in practice. Forthis purpose, the grounded theory was adopted as a research strategy within the framework of qualitative methodology.The data collection instruments involved desk study, interviews with experts, managers and specialists, collaborativeobservations on the environment. The research environment included macro and micro levels. At the macro level, thefocus was on comprehensible conditions and components of Iranian spatial planning system, while the micro levelserved to examine on the local scale the urban planning and management through sample mining in Mashhad, Iran.As a result of this analysis, a total of 159 concepts, 44 categories and 9 major categories and 6 topics were recognized.Among the categories identified, institutionalism in the theory of Strategic Structural Plans was selected because of thefrequent appearance in the data and its relation to other categories as axial category, where the paradigm model wasoutlined emphasizing on the causal and context condition, intervention, strategies and consequences.

The Aim of This Study is Investigation of the effect of customer orientation on strategic innovation in Nikan Hospital, which considered as an applied research and the research methodology as descriptive and based on Survey. The population consisted of hospital managers and customers of Nikan Hospital; Customers Were Unlimited and Managers Population Consisted of 20 Person and the number of managers with the Morgan Sampling Table Selected as 19 samples for use in inferential statistics, In total, 349 samples Selected So for Decreasing the number of Responses, 350 Correct Questionnaire were analyzed in total. In this study, stratified random sampling method was used, In This Research, Internal Customer Orientation Questionnaire was completed by managers and other sectors of questionnaires completed by customers, results showed significant positive effect of customer orientation on Strategic Orientation.

Organizational entrepreneurship is the total efforts which directly or indirectly affects the performance of an organization. In municipalities، because of financial independent conditions، organizational entrepreneurship has a high value in order to increase the quality of urban services. Based on the main need of the municipalities to organizational entrepreneurship، this study aim to explore the effect of social capital on organizational entrepreneurship in Ghods Municipality. In order to achieve the aim، 204 participation who are the top/middle/ low manager in the municipality are participated in the study. The results clarify the components of social capital have significantly affect the three component of organizational entrepreneurship in Ghods Municipality. Also، some recommendations are introduced in the end.