ali reza

Hyper-redundant manipulators are created by stacking multiple parallel mechanisms as modules. If all the actuators of these manipulators are of the discrete type, they are called discretely-actuated hyper-redundant manipulators (DAHRMs). Discrete actuators (DAs) can only be actuated in a limited number of states. DAs have simpler control, more repeatability, higher accuracy, and a lower cost than the common continuous actuators. The number of accessible points in DAHRMs is limited, and they follow the paths segment by segment, at a non-uniform speed, and in an approximate, not exact, way. Therefore, in most cases, it is preferred to use continuous manipulators, and the use of DAHRMs is limited to certain cases. For example, the ability to use simple, light, compact, cheap and low-energy-consuming binary actuators in DAHRMs has made it possible to use them in space exploration, medical applications such as robotic endoscopy and robotic training. In this paper, different types of DAHRMs that have been made so far will be reviewed in terms of their design and capabilities so that designers can design better things in the future and use the advantages of these robots.

The rainfall system of a major part of Iran is mediterranean, where the precipitation amount during the vegetation period is low. In addition, the occurrence of precipitation in the non-vegetation period or beginning of the vegetation period, which does not cover the surface of the earth well, is one of the important reasons for water erosion in Iran. Since vegetation has a special role in soil erosion control and runoff retention, any change in the vegetation structure and pattern, which expresses the landscape pattern and function, can have a significant effect on changing hydrological processes. Therefore, the assessment of soil and water loss and the quantification of its relationship with landscape metrics provide key information for the development of water and soil quality management strategies.

The current research was conducted to investigate the hydrological component changes with landscape metrics on 2 m2 plots using simulated rainfall at an intensity of 32 mm.h-1 in a part of rangelands of Ardabil County. At first, considering the type and percentage of vegetation as the main variable, eight groups of vegetation composition along with one group without vegetation (control) were considered with three replications. The composition (and percentage) of the vegetation from the first to the eighth groups, respectively, include low-height graminea predominance (45), the composition of dense bushes with graminea (43), bushes with low-height and medium-distribution (37), sparse bushes mostly with low and medium height (31), the composition of sparse bushes with graminea (56), dense bushes in upper parts (54), low-height bushes with very low distribution (15), and dense bushes with almost uniform distribution (56). After measuring the runoff and sediment at the plot outlets, different hydrological components were calculated. Then, plots with nine different vegetation combinations were imaged in three replicates before and after rainfall simulation. After transferring the images prepared from the plots to the Arc/Map10.8 environment, nine important landscape metrics were calculated.

Changes in the mean patch density (4.43-26.90), largest patch index (54.16-86.75), edge density (17.12-107.38), landscape shape index (1.50-4.47), mean shape area (4.16-37.46), mean Euclidean nearest neighbor distance (0.00-1.65), landscape division index (0.19-2.31), mean patch shape index (1.24-22.85), and the effective mesh size (15.80-43.96) indicate their different influence from different percentage and composition of vegetation cover. Spearman's correlation matrix analysis showed a nonsignificant relationship between the mean soil loss, runoff volume, runoff coefficient, and sediment concentration with landscape metrics (r<0.26 and p-value>0.10). The small scale of the studied plots, the lack of diversity in the vegetation composition, and the uniformity in terms of vegetation height can be cited as the reasons for the lack of correlation. In general, groups with vegetation values above 50% had a better condition in terms of LPI, AREA_MN, and MESH, which indicates more connectivity and less degradation. The increase in vegetation cover and spatial heterogeneity above the landscape surface can change the path of sediment transport, reduce sediment connectivity, and lead to a decrease in sedimentation.

The obtained results are applicable in explaining the appropriate reference to optimize water and soil protection measures on the watershed scale. However, It is suggested that similar and more comprehensive research be done in different scales of erosion plots and even in the landscape (slope) scale so that by considering a wide range of vegetation, topography, climatic conditions, as well as successive rains, it is possible to compare the results, optimum selection of study scale, and finally planning to manage and protect vegetation and water and soil resources.

International companies around the world are looking for ways to outperform other competitors in the industry. From manufacturing to service companies around the world, companies are working harder to meet the challenges of environmental change and to identify new markets and increase their organizational performance by increasing learning in the organization. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between organizational learning and the performance of international organizations with the mediating role of ability to enter international markets. This research is applied according to the descriptive-correlational nature and according to the purpose, and the conditions for doing it are field method. The statistical population of the study is the managers of handicraft exporting companies in Isfahan, 74 of whom were examined. The sampling method was done by available sampling. The data collection tool in this study was a questionnaire whose validity and reliability were confirmed. The research data were analyzed with Smart PLS version 3 software. The results showed that the ability to enter international markets has a relative mediating role in the relationship between organizational learning and the performance of international organizations. In addition, organizational learning and the ability to enter international markets had a direct positive effect on the performance of international organizations.

One of the important tasks of the educational system is to adopt appropriate policies to promote multiple literacies in order to improve students’ social welfare. Achieving social welfare requires nurturing citizens who are literate. The development and prosperity of any society without the development of multiple literacies is not possible as a basis; therefore, the strategy of the country’s education system should be focused on promoting the multiple literacies among students. Given that the educational environment is based on cultural, administrative, political, technological, and educational complexities, it is essential for the teacher to understand and direct them in a profound way in their practice and experience in order to be able to act on its assumptions as an active and responsible interventionist in this regard. In the current condition of the country’s educational system, we are witnessing the usual language and speech training of teachers. What can have a profound effect on students is “language of possibility”. This concept has been introduced with features such as ‘uncertainty’, ‘possible states’,’ possible worlds’ and ‘probabilities’ in specialized sources. In the language of possibility words and combinations such as are likely, may, perhaps, etc. are used. Through language of possibility questions are raised that demonstrate the feasibility and can help spread the truth. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of teachers’ language of possibility on the nurturing of primary students (6th grade) multiple literacies. In other words, the use of language of possibility as a central theme in the “education-centered approach”, which is the ultimate goal of the fundamental reform document of education, is that the setting for its use by teachers and students should be one of the goals of education throughout the curriculum, and attempts should be made to apply it in curricula.

The research methodology was quasi-experimental with pre-test and post-test design with control group. All the sixth grade female students of Aliabad Katol (a city in Golestan province) who were enrolled in the academic year of 2018-2019 constitute the statistical population of this study and there were 457 students based on the statistics of Aliabad city education. A sample of 40 students was selected through multi-stage sampling from the all sixth grade female students in Aliabad. For this purpose, from all the primary schools (7 schools), 2 schools (girls’ schools of Qods and Mehr) were randomly selected. In order to prevent the effect of educational interventions for the experimental group in the control group, in the next step it was decided to randomly assign one school to be the experimental group and the other one  to be the control group. Finally, from the experimental group, 20 sixth grade female students were selected randomly as the experimental group, and from the control group, 20 sixth grade female students were randomly selected as the control group. The mean age of the experimental group was 11 years and 6 months, and the mean age of the control group was 11 years and 5 months, with a standard deviation of 1 month.

The use of language of possibility in the experimental group increases the students’ multiple literacy compared to the traditional method in the control group. The social, cultural, and political literacy of the language of possibility-educated students was significantly higher than that of the traditional students, but the difference between the information literacy and media literacy of the students in the two groups was not significant. There was a significant difference between the rate of multiple literacy of students who were educated in social studies with the language of possibility of teachers and students who were trained in traditional speech, and those who were educated in the language of possibility were more likely to have multiple literacy. There is a significant difference between the level of cultural literacy of students who are trained in language of possibility and those who are trained in the usual way. The  language of possibility-educated students were found to be able to have a higher cultural literacy. There is also a significant difference between the level of cultural literacy of students who are trained in language of possibility and those who are trained in the traditional way, and the language of possibility-educated students were able to have a higher social literacy. There is a significant difference between the level of political literacy of students who are trained in language of possibility and those who are trained in the usual way, and the language of possibility-educated students were able to have a higher political literacy. There is not a significant difference between the level of information literacy of students who are trained in language of possibility and those who are trained in the usual way. There is not a significant difference between the level of media literacy of students who are trained in language of possibility and those who are trained in the usual way.

The findings of this study showed that students who were trained in language of possibility were more successful in multiple literacies than the students who were trained in the usual way. In other words, the language of possibility of teachers in teaching has fostered the multiple literacies of sixth grade students. By providing the opportunity for critical pedagogy of language of possibility, the possibility of separate disciplines collapsed and new forms of knowledge were created by the creation of interdisciplinary knowledge. By using language of possibility, teachers developed curriculum in a way that the cultural resources that their students brought to school was accounted so that they thoughtfully acted on their actions. Curriculum development stakeholders, Farhangian University campus centers, initial and in-service teaching for new teachers, and departments on the usefulness of language teaching and the use of language of possibility for academic faculty, teachers and lecturers are required tomake more efforts in this regard.

Authors’ contributions
All authors contributed in producting of the research.
Funding
In the present study, all expenses were borne by the author and he did not have
any sponsors.
Conflicts of interest
The authors declared no conflict of interest.
Acknowledgments
In this article, all rights relating to references are cited and resources are carefully
listed.

In this paper, we give three functors $mathfrak{P}$, $[cdot]_K$ and $mathfrak{F}$ on the category of C$^ast$-algebras. The functor $mathfrak{P}$ assigns to each C$^ast$-algebra $mathcal{A}$ a pre-C$^ast$-algebra $mathfrak{P}(mathcal{A})$ with completion $[mathcal{A}]_K$. The functor $[cdot]_K$ assigns to each C$^ast$-algebra $mathcal{A}$ the Cauchy extension $[mathcal{A}]_K$ of $mathcal{A}$ by a non-unital C$^ast$-algebra $mathfrak{F}(mathcal{A})$. Some properties of these functors are also given.  In particular, we show that the functors $[cdot]_K$ and $mathfrak{F}$ are exact and the functor $mathfrak{P}$ is normal exact.

Nowadays, the number of courses teaching hacking skills is increasing and has encountered a very warm reception. In some countries, teaching hacking and writing malware has been considered as part of course credits for students of the fields of computer and information technology. According to some, since teaching hacking and malware writing may lead people to criminal activities and people may misuse this expertise, it is in detriment to the society and based on this, it is unethical; but some others agree with this instruction and believe that in order to confront cyber criminals, we must be able to think like them. According to this group, security experts need to learn hacking skills and malware writing in order to better understand the weakness in the security of systems and to deal with malware and therefore, they consider it ethical. Thus, considering the increase in the number of malware and hacking courses being held, and also the importance of the security of computers, this article delves into the explanation, analysis, critique and study of the ethical arguments for and against malware writing and hacking skills education and some measures for the ethical use of these skills will also be presented.

The aim of present study is to investigate the the impact between achievement goals, and Burnout in Academic on Academic performance through the mediation of self-regulating learning of two faculties- Engineering and Basic sciences- of Kashan University. The sample included 347 persons out of the whole 2066 students of the two faculties (hijri). The sample was selected by a stratified sampling method. In order to assess variables, Migly, Kaplan and Midelton’s achievement goals Scale (1998), Pintrich and Digrot’s Motivational Strategies To Learning Questionnaire (1990), Berso Et Al’s Academic Burnout Scale (1997) were used. Structural equations model have been used for data analyzing. The results showed that association of academic burnout with achievement goals is affected by mediating variables such as self-regulating learning . Negative effect of academic burnout on achievement goals increases by negative effect on self-regulating. Also, achievement goals increase positive effect on academic progress by effecting on self-regulating.

In the new round of Iran's nuclear talks with the P5 + 1 countries in the Rouhani's administration, Iranian diplomats took advantage of "media diplomacy" along with political diplomacy to continue nuclear talks and “the Ministry of Foreign Affairs Center for Public and Media Diplomacy " increasingly took advantage of the media as diplomatic channels to enhance the process of Iran's nuclear talks with the West. This effort has determined the international community's diplomatic approach to the Rouhani’s administration and the international community's view on the Iran's nuclear file. The subject of this study is to examine the role of media diplomacy in changing the international community's approach to the Islamic Republic of Iran at the time of nuclear talks in Rouhani's government. THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK: The theoretical framework of this research is based on the theory of media convergence. In the model of media convergence in nuclear talks, the media and the Department of State's media diplomacy of the ministry of foreign affairs should be considered as two main axes, and this convergence ataffects the world public opinion, the public opinion of the P5 + 1 countries, the public opinion of Iran,theopponents and domestic critics of the talks in Iran, the members of the negotiating team of Iran, and the members of the negotiating team of 1 + 5. The method doingapplied in this research is a combination of (quantitative and qualitative analyses.First, by referring to direct (interviewing) and indirect (library) sources, with the discussion of media representation in the process of nuclear talks, the effects of media diplomacy on the outcome of the nuclear negotiations are measured operationally. Then, using quantitative analysis, the data obtained through SPSS is analyzed. The qualitative part of this research is also done utilizing grounded theory. In the model of media convergence in the nuclear negotiations, the relationship between the main actors of convergence with the audience (public opinion of the world, public opinion of the P5 + 1 countries, public opinion of Iran, opponents and domestic critics of the negotiations in Iran, members of the negotiating team of Iran, and members of the negotiating team of 5+1) is a two-way relationship. Indeed, if the main actors of convergence achieve their media diplomacy goals and advance nuclear negotiations, they will succeed in maintaining their two-way and interactive relationship with the audience so that they can change the public opinion about the peaceful nature of Iran's nuclear issue and can find the strength and power to deal with the media diplomacy of the P5 + 1 countries, including the United States. CONCLUSIONS & SUGGESTIONS: Media diplomacy in the nuclear talks has changed the international atmosphere in favor of Iran in the negotiations. The world realized that it reached agreement with the Iranian people based on logic, respect, dialogue, mutual understanding and shared interests. Accordingly, negotiations were pursued vigorously and a comprehensive nuclear agreement between Iran and the P5 + 1 countries was reached. Proposals are being made to promote media policy and media diplomacy in dealing with the modern media environment and international developments; 1. Iran needs more investments in the development of media with a regional and transnational impact level and to do this, the position of international journalism in Iran should be upgraded. 2. Developing a strategy and media attachment for domestic media is necessary for the purposes of media diplomacy in the country. 3. The establishment of a Media Diplomacy Center or Strategic Communications Center can help identify outreach issues and determine the direction of domestic media in dealing with topics that are defined as national interests.

This recent study in Talequn catchment, placed in Alborz province, has been performed to prioritize affecting peak flow areas and generally areas that have a greater role in flood occurrence. To do this task, Arc Gis (Geographic information system) has been utilized to prepare maps of physical properties of Talequn basin catchment and also rain gauge date and equivalent run off statistics of Tehran regional water, for 20 years(1993-2013) has been received. As a result of existing data, four flood events were extracted and were calibrated under the (HEC-HMS) model. TO do calibration, SCS method was used to simulate flood hydrograph and lag-time method was utilized for channel routing. Also, Hydrologic Modeling System (HECHMS) was used to estimate the amount of contribution of sub-basin in output discharge of the total basin catchment on the basis of return periods of 2-510-25-50-100 years old and finally by the use of the 50-year return period and sub-basin individual remove method under the effect of HEC-HMS model, sub-basin were prioritized in terms of flooding potential. The research results show that sub-basin participation rate in output of basin catachment discharge is not only of affected area and sub-basin peak flow but also of factors such as curve number (CN) and soil hydrologic group which have significant role in flood occurrence. Another significant factor is sub-basin located in basin output, which has greater share in output discharge. In addition, short intervals in occurrence of peak flow of sub-basin water flow synchronization role, human changes such as construction activities like housing, have significant impact on the production of the whole basin flood areas.

The author of the following paper has selected some sentences of the History of Baghdad and presented them here.

Discussing the educational objectives is among the main missions of the philosophy of education. Given the tight link between "education" and "Faith" and the importance and role of religion in human life, religion and religious teachings are considered as one of the main sources of educational objectives in religious communities. Therefore, in religious communities, it is essential that the educational objectives be discussed in terms of religious principles. Using analytical- inductive method, the present study seeks to investigate altruism as a goal in Islamic education. To this end, through explaining the concept of “altruism” and the relationship between altruism and education, spirituality and religiosity, the ontological, anthropological, epistemological and axiological assumptions that form the basis of Islamic altruism are made clear. Therefore, the mentioned principles were analyzed by referring to a number of the Quranic verses and Sunna of the prophet and the infallible Imams (in the form of their narrations) and the ideas of some Islamic scholars. Finally, it was shown that these principles support altruism as one of the goal of Islamic education.

In this study, Ti, Al and N doped DLC – referred to here after as “(Ti,Al)CN/DLC composite”- coating and pure diamond-like coating (DLC) were produced by cathodic arc deposition technique and the effects of the coating thickness on their tribological properties were evaluated. The coatings were characterized, using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy methods. The Raman and XRD patterns indicated that cathodic arc deposition method can potentially generate a composite coating consisting of TiC, Ti3AlN, Ti2N and Al2Ti crystalline phases dispersed in the amorphous carbon matrix. Moreover, friction and wear of the coatings were investigated, using pin-on-disc wear test method in ambient air. The results of wear test showed a desired tribological behavior of the (Ti,Al)CN/DLC composite coatings with low amounts of the mean coefficients of friction (0.2) and wear rate (9×10-8 mm3/N.m). In contrast with DLC coatings, it was also found that friction coefficient of the composite coated samples did not change significantly, when the thickness of the coating was increased from 1.5 to 3 μm.

Diabetes mellitus is the most common risk factor for coronary artery disease (CAD). Cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) TaqIB polymorphism is associated with changes in lipid profile and may be a risk factor for CAD in patients with diabetes. This study aimed to evaluate the association of CETP TaqIB polymorphism with CAD in patients with type 2 diabetes.
In this case-control study, 292 diabetic patients were divided into two groups based on angiography reports (150 participants with normal angiogram as the control group and 142 participants with more than 50% stenosis of at least one coronary artery as the case group). The CETP TaqIB genotypes were determined by PCR-RFLP analysis. Fasting blood glucose was measured using glucose oxidase and lipid profile (triglycerides, total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein-cholesterol and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol) by an enzymatic method.
There was no significant difference in the frequency of genotypes and alleles between the case group and controls (the control group: B1B1, 17.3%; B1B2, 63.3%; and B2B2, 19.3%; the case group: B1B1, 18.3%; B1B2, 64.1%; and B2B2, 17.6%) (P=0.92). In the control group, heterozygous participants (genotype B1B2) had higher levels of cholesterol compared with other genotypes (B1B1 and B2B2). Also, the patients with genotype B1B2 had significantly higher weight (P=0.013).
There is no significant correlation between CETP TaqIB polymorphism and the increased risk of coronary artery disease in patients with type 2 diabetes.

With rapid development of digital technology, protecting information such as copyright, content ownership confirmation has become more important. In image watermarking, information of the image is inserted such that the visual quality of the image is not reduced and the receiver is able to get the required information. Some attacks such as image cropping and salt & pepper noise, destroy the watermark’s information. In this article, a new watermarking scheme is proposed which is robust against salt & pepper noise and tough cropping. A Sudoku table comprises 9 regions, each row and column of the table contains different numbers from 1 to 9. In the proposed scheme, Sudoku table and both watermarking approaches based on spatial domain and transform domain are used. Robustness of watermarking against cropping attack is 86% and its robustness against salt and pepper noise is about 75%, which shows good and effective performance of the proposed scheme.

Sheep has played an important role in meat production and income generation in Iranian farming systems. Their profitability, however, is highly depended on nutrient supply. Drinking water is major nutrient that is responsible for different utilization of nutrients and thereby productivity and gain of animals in most parts of the world. Inadequate water and its quality such as salinity, acidity, and toxic elements depress the biological, physiological process and performance of sheep. Iran has a different type of Agro-ecological climate but most part of this country is under arid or semi arid condition and thus face to shortage of water. Bluchi sheep is the most important breed which is well adapted in harsh marginal arid in the east region of Iran, however, little information is available regarding of the mechanism of adaptation in this breed for biological process to allowing them to cope during water restriction in this zone. Therefore this experiment was conducted to investigate some electrolytes and blood metabolites and hormones under the influence of different levels of water availability and the ability to tolerate water restriction in Baluchi lambs. This study was conducted during May-June 2013 at the Baluchi sheep research center (Abbas Abad) in Northeast of Iran. Twenty-one single lambs, (90 ± 4 days old and 26.7 ± 2.2 kg BW) were used in this study. Lambs were randomly subjected to three levels of water restriction (seven lambs per group). Lambs in control group, allowed to drinking water freely. For the second treatment, the water supply to the lambs were restricted to 72% of their average daily intake and for the third treatment, water intake was restricted to 44% of their average daily intake. The whole experiment period was 49 days and was divided in 3 periods with 14 days adaptation.. The three time periods were including, 7 days for the stepwise water reduction period, and 14 days fixed limit to the amount of 72% and 44% of their average intake for treatment 2 and 3 and during last period (14 days) all groups had free access to water. The sheep were allocated to individual feeding pens and feed were provided ad libitum. Weight gain, blood metabolites and electrolytes (glucose, triglycerides, creatinine, blood urea, cholesterol, total proteins, cortisol, hematocrit, blood hemoglobin, Na+,Ca2+, K+ were determined on 1, 7, 21 and 35 days of experiment. The data from experiments were analyzed using Minitab and GLM procedure and for comparison of means Duncan test was applied. The obtained results indicated that feed intake, daily weight gain and the ratio of water consumption to feed intake in treatments 2 and 3 in compare with control group was statistically different. The results showed that there was a direct relationship between the reduction in water consumption and feed intake. It seems that this weight loss in treatments 2 and 3 can be due to a combination of reduced feed intake and loss of body water. Additional dehydration led to increase blood concentration creatinine, blood urea in compare with the control group. High blood urea and creatinine may be due to an imbalance in the production and disposal of these substances by the kidneys and fecal. Water restriction led to increased concentration of plasma sodium than the control group, however this increase was not significant. Treatment 3, on day 21, compared with other treatments,was an exception and one of the possible reasons for this can be due the influence of the hormone aldosterone and ADH on the kidneys. Hematocrit and hemoglobin in the blood tend to rise by water restriction but this will not led to significant differences between treatments. Except the hemoglobin on day 21 between treatments 3 with other treatments, significant differences were found which can be due to reduced blood plasma volume because of dehydration lambs. Significant differences in blood cholesterol levels were observed between treatments 3 and others on day 21 which probably this increase may be related to mobilization of fat tissue in lambs that are encountered with reducing water consumption. The overall results showed that water restrictions could lead to a significant reduction in dry matter intake and daily weight gain in Baluchi lambs. In addition, results showed that Baluchi lamb has potential to withstand under water restriction up to 44% of their average daily water intake without significant changes in blood electrolytes. This breed can survive and adopt under arid conditions which is common in some desert area in Iran.

Calculating the canopy temperature and land surface temperatureusing satellite imagery is very attractive to estimate actual evapotranspiration (ET) by energy balance algorithm. In studies, to evaluate ET, the accuracy of the calculated thermal gradient between surface and air, as well as temperature difference between various land covers is very important. To calculate land surface temperature (LST) in Shahr-E-Kord plain, the study area, there were three principal challenges. First, the absence of enough studies about calculating LST using Landsat8 thermal bands, the second, lack of canopy temperature and land surface temperature observed data, and finally, the only available data for surface temperature was minimum daily surface temperature in the climatology and synoptic stations. In this study, in order to convert the surface brightness temperature to the LST, the split-window algorithm of NOAA-AVHRR was used. Also, the proposed SEBAL algorithm was applied to calculate the surface emissivity. Due to the lack of the reference weather stations, after calculating LST at the satellite overpass time in non-reference weather stations, the deviation error calculation method was used to calibrate satellite LST and to prepare daily LST layers. Results showed that all calculated correlation coefficients were more than 0.9. Also, all existing regression relations were significant at 95% and even 99% level of confidence. In different day-images, maximum difference of calculated deviation errors was less than 0.5 K and, the calculated RMSEs were between 1.9 to 2.2 K, acceptable comparing to similar studies.

Recognized as the first philosophers who innovated some philosophical approaches to love in the Greek and Islamic traditions, Plato and Avicenna included love among the jewels of philosophical issues, and wrote some treatises on analysis of love that became the precursors of a novel philosophical approach. Inspired by those who followed Plato’s Symposium to explain love in the Islamic tradition, Avicenna in his Risalah fil-'Ishq (A Treatise on Love), presents some ideas that are almost parallel to those of Platos. However we should not ignore the differences that distinguish both treatises from each other. The resemblance often lies in their ontological analysis of love and their discrepancies can be found in their semantic and methodological analysis of love. Within both philosophical masterpieces, the position of knowledge in true love, interweaving of love and need as well as the objective of love are all exposed to serious scrutiny. But their conceptualizations of love and explanation method are thoroughly distinctive. In this comparative content analysis of the two treatises, we hope to reveal latent nuances in both thinker's approaches to love.

Brucellosis is a common infection among humans and animals that called zoonosis. The disease is common especially in Middle East countries such as Iran. The aim of this study was to investigate of demographic characteristics, clinical signs and results of serologic tests in brucellosis hospitalized patients in Kermanshah, 2006-2011. In this descriptive cross sectional study, 305 hospitalized patients were investigated. A questionnaire about demographic characteristic clinical signs and laboratory findings was filled in. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS software version 20. Of 305 patients, 163 cases (53.4%) were male. The mean age of patients was 36.66 years old. The most of common age group was 11-20 (20.3%). The most contagious seasons were summer and spring (64.6%). 16.1% of patients had a history of animal contact and consumption of unpasteurized dairy products. The most common sign were skeletal pain, myalgia and arthralgia (81%). Disease was more common among housewives (37.1%). According to results of serologic tests, the majority of the patients had wright test titer ≥1.80 (93.4%) and 2ME test titer ≥1.40 (88.2%), respectively. Prevention and education programs are necessary to reduce the economic and social problems resulting from brucellosis.

According to inevitable urban growth based on predictions made، this process will continue in the next decade and its resulting movements، will lead to the settlement and concentration of population in major cities. The purpose of this paper is to study t the effects of horizontal extension of the city on the social capital of citizens. In fact، it can be said that there is a relationship between the shape and form of urban extension and social factors. In order to collect information، library and field methods were used. Library and documentary methods were used for social equity part and the degree of citizens'' of different districts to different types of services and sport، cultural، educational commercial، park، green and sanitary spaces and health services. In other words. to measure the citizens'' access to various services and facilities، the statistics of per capita in comprehensive project of Maraghe has been used. Other required information was used by the questionnaire method. social capital has five components including (social security and the environment - Register - Partnerships - social interaction - trust). The questionnaire was designed based on the components of social capital. Number of samples with a population of 162،356 of Maraghe city based on statistical census of year 2001، according to Cochran formula، was 320 samples. Questionnaires were randomly distributed at the community level in order to gather people''s opinions، and then the raw data obtained by SPSS software. Related variables such as urban extension، density، access، distance، and etc. as independent variables and variables related to social capital as dependent variables are considered. In order to evaluate and analyze social capital and the extent of its relationship with the extension of Maraghe using advanced statistical analysis such as correlation coefficient، multiple regression and factor analysis were used. The results show significant indicators of density by a factor of 0. 026 and 0. 699 beta has had the greatest impact on the components of social capital. Indexes of the distance from the city center، open space، the growth rate of household، the average duration of residence and family size، have an impact on the level of social capital respectively.

Salafism’s root in Egypt dates back to the early 21st century. Before the revolution، salafists didn’t believe in political participation and regarded it as prohibited، but their approach changed after the revolution. This movement just after the Egypt''s January 25 revolution in 2011، mobilized resources to gain individual and group interests and emerged as a powerful actor in a political scene by organizing themselves and using available opportunities. These have led to appear Salafists’ collective actions. From the perspective of political sociology، this article، based on a descriptive-analytical method، inspired of Charles Tilly’s resource mobilization theory and Weber’s collective action approach، tries to answer these two main questions: What are the reasons of change in the Salafists’ political approach after the Egypt revolution? How have been the collective actions of Salafists since the revolution? The main finding of the study is that the change of ideological approach، external factor (Saudi Arabia)، concern of other political actors’ power، and ultimately the removal of suppression atmosphere and the prevailing of tolerance and facilitate in the post-Mobarak era caused Salafists’ political activism. However، in some cases، this activism in dealing with the opposition took passive and defensive، somtimes aggressive mood.

The present study was conducted in order to study the mediating role of financial behavior management in the relation between the personality traits and subjective well-being. Therefore، a sample consisted of 479 staffs of universities located in Gilan province have answered to the Iranian Big Five (GARDON)، financial behavior management and Subjective Well-being Questionnaires، after being selected by the clustered sampling. The data was collected and analyzed by the structural equation modeling method. The results of the analysis showed that the personality traits in total explained 14% of the financial behavior management variance and the personality traits and financial behavior management explained 32% of the subjective well-being variance. Also، this study showed that، on one hand، the path coefficient of three factors of neuroticism / emotional stability، extraversion / happiness and conscience / humility were significantly associated with the subjective well-being and on the other hand، the path coefficient of three factors of conscience / humility، openness/competence and agreeableness/conservativeness were significantly associated with the financial behavior management. Finally، the results of the analysis showed that the path coefficient between the financial behavior management and subjective well-being was significant، and the financial behavior management mediated the relationship between the three factors of conscience / humility، openness/competence and agreeableness/conservativeness and subjective well-being. Totally، considering the results of the present study it can be concluded that probably، by financial behavior management skills training، we can increase the positive effect of personality traits on the subjective well-being and can decrease its negative effects.

Determining to what extent the abstracts of the journals articles are in compliance with the regulations of abstract writing is a touchstone to systematize the abstracts and prevent their dispersion. Thus, in the following article it is tried to evaluate the extent to which the Persian abstracts of the journals of Qur’an and Hadith Studies, Published in 1387-1389, are consistent with ISO 214 regulations and standards. This research is carried out using survey research method. Statistics show there are eight journals of Qur’an and Hadith Studies (40 volumes, and 333 abstracts). For data collection, the printed journals are referred to and the Persian abstracts are studied carefully. Besides, the information gathering tool is the checklist arranged based on theinternational ISO214standardelements. The information collected based on the checklist has been analyzed using S.P.S.S software. The findingsofthis studyindicatethatthe averagecompliancebetween the abstracts and ISO214 is 69/38%. It has also been found out that, among all the journals, Qura’n Understanding (82/4%) has the highestlevel of compatibilityandReligiousStudies(64/63%) hasthe lowestcompliancewiththestandard. All in all, the reviewed publications have a desirable level of compatibility with ISO 214 standards; however, checking them out in writing to see how much they follow the basic criteria of abstract writing indicates that they are not in a desirable level and their level of writing needs to be promoted.

The cultured mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) have been used in many clinical trials; however، there are still some concerns about the cultural conditions. One concern is related to the use of FBS as a widely used xenogeneic supplement in the culture system. Human platelet-rich plasma (hPRP) is a candidate replacement for FBS. In this study، the effect of hPRP on MSC proliferation and osteogenic differentiation has been evaluated.

Human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSC) were expanded. Cells from the third passage were characterized by flow cytometric analysis and used for in vitro experiments. Resazurin and alizarin red stains were used for cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation assays، respectively.

Treatment with hPRP resulted in a statistically significant increase in cell proliferation compare to the negative control group (P<0. 001). Cell proliferation in the 15% hPRP group was also significantly higher than that in the 10% hPRP group (P<0. 05). Additionally، it caused less osteogenic differentiation of the hADSC compared to the FBS (P<0. 001)، but in comparison to negative control، it caused acceptable mineralization (P<0. 001).

These findings indicate that hPRP not only improves the proliferation but also it can be a suitable substitution in osteogenic differentiation for clinical purposes. However، the clinical application value of hPRP still needs more investigation.

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the capability of helminths to absorb heavy metals in comparison with that of the host tissues. We compared the concentration of cadmium (Cd) and chromium (Cr) in urban rats and in their harboring helminthes —Moniliformis moniliformis, Hymenolepis diminuta and larval stage of Taenia taenaeiformis (Cysticercus fasciolaris). The heavy metal absorption was evaluated in 1g wet weight of parasites and tissues digested in nitric acid, using Inductivity Coupled Plasma (ICP_OES). A higher concentration of heavy metals was revealed in the helminths than in the host tissues. Bioconcentration factor (BF= C in parasite/C in tissue) for both Cd and Cr absorption was more than 10-fold higher in M. moniliformis than in the three compared host tissues. The BF of Cd in M. moniliformis compared to the liver, kidney and muscle of the host was 9.16, 14.14 and 17.09, respectively. BF in Cr in the same parasite and the same host tissues ranged from 10.67, 7.06 and 4.6. High level of absorption in H. diminuta was significantly likewise; the individual BF of Cd and Cr in H. diminuta compared to the liver, kidney and muscle of the hosts was 4.95, 5.94 and 4.67 vs. 2.67, 11.56 and 5.59. The mean concentration of Cd and Cr in C. fasciolaris was also significantly higher than that in the rat livers (P<0.007 and P<0.004, respectively). This study claims that parasites of terrestrial animals exposed to heavy metals can be more accurate indicators than the host tissues as new environmental monitoring agents.

The purpose of this article is to expose the limitations of the philosophy of Islamic education to realize its desires, such as “teacher as researcher”. These limitations will be exposed in encountering with practical philosophy. Philosophy of Islamic education, at present, is focus on Islamic education as an ideal which is a magnificent logical construction that all of its commonplaces should be desirable, including the teacher. Teacher’s professional performance, however, largely depends on her (or his) good performance in practical situations, safety of her (or his) arguments, and the quality of her (or his) choices and decisions. Because of the modern conceptions such as "practitioner as executor", "theory as theorist’s theory" and "practice as application of theory" governing on our current understanding, philosophy of Islamic education may be met serious constraint to realizing Islamic educational practitioner who is wish for. Theoretically, it can not properly justify it, and practically, it may be exposed to some limitations to realize it.