فهرست مطالب ali tafazoli moghadam

Hypericum perforatum (Hypericaceae), known as Saint John’s wort (SJW), has been used in different systems of traditional medicine such as Chinese traditional medicine, Greek traditional medicine, and Islamic traditional medicine. The plant and its active constituents such as hyperforin and hypericin have a wide range of medicinal uses, particularly as anti-depressant, wound-healing, and antibacterial agents. In recent decades, many clinical trials have been performed to investigate the safety and efficacy of this medicinal plant. However, to the best on our knowledge, there is no comprehensive review article in this regard. In the current study, we aim to have a comprehensive review of the clinical trials of SJW to evaluate its efficacy and safety as well as its application in traditional medicine. Clinical studies investigating the safety, interactions, and efficacy of SJW were identified and summarized, including contributions from 2000 until December 2021. According to the results, these clinical studies were divided into three main categories based on the type of disease: psychiatric, endocrine, and skin problems. Important details of the studies, including the type and duration of the study, the type and percentage of the effective compounds or the extract used, the number of patients, and the obtained results were also discussed. In addition, co-administration and drug interaction of SJW with other drugs were summarized. SJW is a valuable medicinal plant, especially for psychiatric disorders. However, precautions should be taken while administrating the plant.

The prevalence of opium consumption has known to be significant in Iran which involves healthy individuals other than associated patients.

The consumption of opium resulted from several factors such as traditional beliefs on its analgesic effects or in some chronic illnesses. Furthermore, the geographic situation of problematic neighbors is a culprit for this issue. Legislative measures and increased opium costs have led to the adulteration of opium. Lead is one of the most frequently used adulterants which has significantly led to opium lead intoxication.

The increasing number of patients with lead poisoning is a concern that raise the need to perform high-quality studies and to provide effective preventive and diagnostic guidelines.