فهرست مطالب ameri

In recent years, the utilization of clean energies, especially solar energy, has increased dramatically due to their advantages over fossil fuels. This increase has led to a sharp rise in research and development activities in order to improve and optimize the energy harvesting possesses. The installation of photovoltaic power plants is the most common method for converting solar energy to electricity. However, the performance of the photovoltaic systems is extensively a function of environmental conditions such as solar radiation, ambient temperature, wind, humidity, and dust. In this regard, regions with high solar potential such as the Middle East and North Africa are favorable for the installation of photovoltaic plants. However, these regions are typically considered to be arid and deserted areas, in which the dust activities would significantly affect the performance of photovoltaic panels. In such a region, which is repeatedly faced with dust activities and aerosol dispersion, the accumulation of dust on the surface of panels is much more serious. Therefore, understanding the various dust particles removing methods from the surface of photovoltaic panels is crucial in such regions. The present study conducted a comprehensive review of the related literature in the field of photovoltaic panels cleaning methods. It was shown that these methods could be divided into four categories of natural, mechanical and electromechanical, electrostatic protection, and utilization of micro and nanoscale coatings. Furthermore, in order to provide a deeper insight into the optical and thermal modeling of photovoltaic panels and dust impacts, the related governing equations were provided. Moreover, the chemical and physical properties of accumulated dust on panels such as its size and morphology were described in detail. Investigating the related literature shows the urgent need for further research in this area, especially in the climate of Iran. The results of the current study can serve as a thorough reference for researchers, designers, and engineers who deal with photovoltaic systems in regions struggling with dust events such as the Middle East and North Africa.

Road health information is an important indicator for assessing the status of the road in management systems. Identifying the abandonment of surfaces is an important process in maintaining roads and traffic safety, which is traditionally conducted on the basis of field surveys. Today, remote sensing methods, especially photogrammetric imaging, are presented. In this article, based on by UAVs images, the road surface cracks are extracted. The proposed method consists of six stages of acquisition of images, separating the road from the background, identifying and eliminating disturbing objects, preprocessing, combining morphological filters with complication features, applying SVM classifications, generation of crack map .The results of the proposed method show the success rate of 98% in the extraction of the cracks.

The pronunciation mechanism in the human vocal system enables the production of linguistic sounds of various types, and at levels of performance characterized by accuracy of language in transmitting the code sent from the brain to perform the sounds with specific waves understood by the members of speech community, and based on this the human pronunciation device is capable of  producing linguistic voices of different types in all the languages of the world, and the lengths in vowels and consonant sounds commensurate with the nature of the production of language in each speech community. The difficulty in producing language voices in a language is by speakers of other language, that is how to train speech organs to produce the voices of language B just like the manner in which native speakers pronounce sounds. The languages of the world differ in the distribution of the phones and tend to use the easier in the areas of the center and the introduction of the mouth, unlike the Arabic language, which is witnessing the distribution of the output of the use of all areas of the pronunciation machine in the alphabetical voice. This research highlights the problems of the performance of sounds In the Arabic language of non-native speakers, despite the availability of the appropriate environment for language training on the production of the sounds of the Arabic language through the spread and transmission of the production of the Koranic text in some Aryan languages, and we chose the Persian language as model in the analysis of acoustic voices problem Producing a number of solutions that contribute to the education and control of the voices of the Arabic language in the production.

Today different doses of drugs are used in the treatment of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Non-medical treatments such as physical activity have recently been considered. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of endurance training along with methylphenidate consumption on Behavioral symptoms in male rats with ADHD. Methods and Materials: A laboratory research method was used. The subjects were 40 Wistar rats (mean and standard deviation of 181.78 ± 8.39 g) and aged 8-12 weeks. A 5-member group (mean and standard deviation of 182.6 ± 51.6 g) were randomly selected for sampling and blood sampling, and 35 rats (mean and standard deviation of 181.66 ± 8.09 g) to 5 Group 7 (control group and 4 groups of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: methylphenidate use, endurance training, methylphenidate use and endurance training, without methylphenidate and no endurance training). 10 mg L-NAME for 8 weeks and 6 days per week for each rat was injected sub peritoneally for the attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder in rats. Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) and nitrite oxide (NO) were used to detect hypertension in rats after L-NAME injection. The open field test for over-active detection, and 5-band treadmill for endurance training of rats were used. The balance test was taken before and after 4 weeks of training. The drug group received 2 mg of methylphenidate daily per kg of body weight orally. The rats ran for 28 days each day (5 days a week) for 28 days. The practice load for training groups included running at speeds of 2 to 8 m / min for 30 minutes. Descriptive statistics were used to determine mean, mean, standard deviation, drawing tables and charts. For normalization of the distribution of dependent variables from the Kolmogorov-Smirnov and one-way variance for intra-group variation. The results showed that the number of stands in the control group was higher than in all other groups and the number of traveled squares was less (p<0.001). The number of stands in the ADHD group was lower than in all other groups and the number of traveled squares was higher (p<0.001). There was no significant difference between the number of stands and the number of traveled squares in the ADHD group + Endurance exercises with ADHD + methylphenidate and also the ADHD group + methylphenidate + endurance training (p<0.001). It seems that endurance training and methylphenidate consumption affect the behavioral patterns of the animal model of ADHD and it can be recommended that physical activity be used as an effective method to replace the use of methylphenidate.

In this paper, we aim to analyze the difference between classical Persian and new Persian poems using the current cognitive linguistics theories. The study aims to recognize the differences and similarities of the image schemas of two styles of poetry; namely, classical and modern poem. The research question is that what kinds of different image schemas are used in classical and modern poems. The hypothesis is that there are different kinds of image schemas in classical and modern poem. To this end, we analyze the image schemas of Hafiz's poems as sample of classical poetry and Sohrab Sepehri's poems as modern one. We have chosen 13 poems of Hafiz Divan as classical poems and 8 poems of Sohrab Sepehri's Hasht Ketab as modern Persian poems. We have identified the image schemas of the poems based on cognitive linguistics theoretical framework.  
In the review of literature, there were some researches which focused on the comparison of the poetry of classical poets or comparison of the poetry of contemporary poets, but there was no research which compares image schemas of classical poetry with modern poem. Thus, the present study focuses on a new aspect.
In conclusion, we noticed similarities and differences in the usage of image schemas of two styles of poems. The similarity is that in both styles containment and locomotion schemas are most used. But the difference is that in Hafiz's poems there was no significant difference between the number of locomotion and the number of containment schemas. However, there is significant difference between the number of containment schemas and all other schemas including locomotion schema in Sepehri's poems. It indicates the difference between a sample of classical poem and a sample of modern poem along with the usage of image schemas. Due to their mystic worldview both of poets have used containment and locomotion schemas.

This paper explores the mechanical properties and fracture analysis of C2N-h2D single-layer sheets using classical molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Simulations are carried out based on the Tersoff potential energy function within Nose-Hoover thermostat algorithm at the constant room temperature in a canonical ensemble. The influences of boron (B) doping on the mechanical properties, i.e. Young’s and bulk moduli and ultimate strength and strain of C2N-h2D single-layer sheets are studied and the effects of size and doping percentage on the aforementioned properties are explored. The results demonstrate lower strength and stiffness of C2N-h2D single-layer sheets compared to graphene. It is also demonstrated that unlike the strength of C2N-h2D single-layer sheet, the stiffness of C2N-h2D single-layer sheet is larger than that of silicene nanosheet. In addition, it is observed that doping of B atoms on C2N-h2D single-layer sheets intensely reduces the mechanical properties, whereas this reduction increases by rising the percentage of B-doping. Furthermore, the fracture process of C2N-h2D and B-doped C2N-h2D single-layer sheets is illustrated.

Commissioning tests are recommended before implementing Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy. This study evaluated five different plans of IMRT mocks for different modulation indices. IMRT tests were done in slab phantom for both 6MV and 15 MV photon energies using a 2D array ion chamber dosimeter. The acceptance criteria were based on 3% /3mm. All tests passed the gamma criteria except for the prostate test with 15 MV photon beams and C shape test for both 6 MV and 15 MV energies. The Ratio passing points for Multi target test in 6 MV and 15 MV plans were 93.1% and 91.5%, respectively. The results of the prostate tests with 3%/3mm was 92.3% for 6MV and 91.2% for 15 MV in 4%/4 mm tolerance limit. For Head and Neck test with the same gamma criteria, the percentages of the points were 93.2 and 94 for 6 MV and 15 MV plans, respectively. For C shape tests, the used gamma criteria were 4%/ 4 mm. The ratio passing points were 94.9% and 94.3% for 6MV and 15MV plans, respectively. However, C shape hard test could not pass the gamma criteria of 4%/ 4mm for 6MV. results showed that by increasing the complexity of the IMRT plan, the verification test must be done in a more strict-manner, because a small change in dose delivery can cause a large discrepancy between planned and real dosimetry and may produce hot spots in organs or a cold spot in the target volume.

In recent years, determining the common information privately and efficiently between two mutually mistrusting parties have become an important issue in social networks. Many Private Set Intersection (PSI) protocols have been introduced to address this issue. By applying these protocols, two parties can compute the intersection between their sets without disclosing any information about components that are not in the intersection. Due to the broad range of computational resources that the cloud can provide for its users, determining the set intersection by cloud may decrease the computational cost of the users. The proposed protocols by Abadi et al. are two protocols in this context. In this paper, we show that their protocols are vulnerable to eavesdropping attack. Also, a solution is proposed to secure the protocol against mentioned attack. Moreover, we analyze the performance of both O-PSI and modified O-PSI protocols and show that our scheme is comparable with the O-PSI protocol. Actually, one trivial solution for the Abadi et al.’s proposed schemes is to use a secure channel like TLS. However, in the performance evaluation, we compare our applied modification with this trivial solution, and show that our proposed modification is more efficient as some extra encryptions imposed by TLS are no longer required.

Aims: Tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) and tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) deficiency would cause an increase in the viscosity of fibrinogen and low digestion of blood clot, respectively, which are among the dangerous factors responsible for the increase in thrombosis. Although there are reports, indicating the relationship of vein thrombosis and recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL), the effect of polymorphisms connected with thrombosis on the risk of increasing RPL has remained unclear. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship of 536C/T tissue factor pathway inhibitor gene and Alu_I/D tissue-type plasminogen activator gene polymorphisms with recurrent pregnancy loss in Iranian Azeri women.

The present case-control study was conducted in Azari women with RPL and healthy women during 2015-2016. Ninety-five women with RPL were selected by simple random sampling sampling method, and 95 healthy women were selected and assessed, using Multiplex ARMS-PCR method. The data were analyzed by SAS 9.2 software, using logistic regression and Chi-square test. Findings: Among two genes polymorphisms, only tPA polymorphism was significantly related with the increase in RPL, such that allele I in this polymorphism caused more than two-folded odds ratio of RPL compared to allele D. Women between the ages of 25 and 35 years significantly showed the highest odds ratio of RPL.

Alu_I/D tissue-type plasminogen activator gene polymorphism is related with an increased risk of RPL in Azeri women in northwestern Iran, but 536C/T tissue factor pathway inhibitor gene does not show such a relationship.

Due to the unique physicochemical properties of selenium nanoparticles (Se NPs), identification of microbial strains capable to biosynthesize Se NPs has recently attracted attention. The current study aimed at introducing Se NPs producing actinomycete strain, characterizing Se NPs as well as evaluating its cytotoxic effect against breast cancer cell line (MCF-7). In the present laboratory investigation, first, the Se NPs producing strain was isolated from soil samples. The selected isolate was then identified using morphological and biochemical examinations as well as 16S rDNA sequencing protocol. The UV-visible spectrum, particle-size distribution (PSD) pattern, Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR), and energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) profiles of the nanostructures as well as transmission electron microscope (TEM) image of Se NPs were determined. In order to evaluate the cytotoxicity of the Se NPs, the MTT (Methylthiazolyldiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide) based colorimetric protocol was applied where the viability percent was firstly determined and then the related IC50 (Half inhibitory concentration) was calculated. The selected bacterial isolate was identified as Streptomyces lavendulae FSHJ9. TEM micrographs of the biogenic Se NPs exhibited spherical nanostructures with the size range of 28–123 nm. The FTIR pattern showed no functional group present on the surface of Se NPs. The obtained results of cytotoxicity revealed that IC50 of Se NPs (77.1±42.23 µg/mL) was more than IC50 of sodium selenite (3.0±41.53 µg/mL). The results of the present study showed that Streptomyces lavendulae FSHJ9 was able to produce Se NPs. The produced biogenic Se NPs, after performing complementary studies, might be applied as supplement in human food and animal feeding

The aesthetic and pleasing properties of a product are important and significantly add to the meaning and relevance of a product. There has been a strong industrial and academic interest and need to establish hardware and/or software systems in order to quantify and link appearance properties to their human response equivalences. In this study, we intend to review models which have been proposed to quantify human perceptions of appearance features. To this end the importance of Kansei Engineering in appearance is considered. This is a tool for linking consumer expectations of products with valid design parameters. In the domain of human senses, soft metrology is used as a method for metering and objective quantification of perceptual qualities of appearance.

In this study, a linear parabolic trough concentrating photovoltaic/thermal system has been simulated and the effects of using Al2O3/ethylene glycol-water 50:50 nanofluid with different nanoparticle shapes including platelet, cylindrical, blade and brick shapes from energy and exergy standpoints in the laminar and turbulent regimes have been numerically investigated. The proposed model has been validated using existing experimental results where good agreement was observed. The results indicated that using nanoparticles of cylindrical shape in laminar regime and brick-shaped one in turbulent regime lead to the best system performance compared to others. In addition, applying nanofluid in laminar regime is more effective compared to turbulent regime

In the present investigation four spectrophotometers from different models of the X-Rite company were compared in terms of precision and truness using BCRA standard tiles. We investigated the effect of manufacturer’s re-calibration procedure on the reduction of error for spectrophotometers in which only two of them were calibrated. The repeatability results of this research show that the precision of all spectrophotometers is acceptable and there is no significant difference between calibrated and non-calibrated devices. Moreover, the average of color difference results for a series of fourteen BCRA tiles show that only the CE7000 A as a non-calibrated spectrophotometer needs the manufacturer’s re-calibration procedure whereas the SP62 spectrophotometer which was not calibrated, shows no significant error in comparison to both other calibrated devices. Additionally for achromatic tiles, the new calibrated Ci64 device demonstrates a larger error than both SP62 and SP64 devices. Meanwhile, the average of color difference values per device for BCRA tiles are larger than acceptable values. Therefore, it seems that the acceptable value for trueness of spectrophotometers is an unreasonable expectation and needs to be revised.

Drought stress in arid and semiarid regions is the most crop production restricting factor. Reduction of crop productivity of these regions estimated over than 50% due to climate change and global warming at recent decades (Jaha et al., 2014). According to the Mediterranean precipitation pattern in most parts of Iran, near all rainfall happens in winter season and so drought stress usually occurs in flowering and physiological ripening stages of wheat. Understanding the response of these plants to different environmental stresses such as drought stress and other restricting factors is inevitable. Drought resistance is a quantitative trait which isn’t measurable directly. This problem appear in identification of resistant genotypes to drought stress. In order to discriminate resistant genotypes some indices were recommended based on the seed yield at normal and drought conditions. The best index is one which selected genotypes with high yields at both stressed and non-stressed conditions. Shafazadeh et al., (2004) recommended that MP, GMP and STI indices are suitable for detecting drought resistant and productive genotypes because they had significant and positive correlation with seed yield at both conditions after flowering stage.
Material and This investigation was conducted using 20 improved lines of rain-fed wheat genotypes at two places included Dry-land agricultural research station of Shirvan and Agricultural research station of Sisab, Bojnourd, Iran, in RCBD with 4 replications at two conditions included dry-land and complementary irrigation, during 2015-2016. After harvesting and measuring genotype’s yield in each condition, indices were calculated. Stress susceptibility index (SSI), Stress tolerance index (STI), Tolerance (Tol), Mean productivity (MP), Geometric mean productivity ( GMP), Sensitivity drought index (SDI), Relative drought index (RDI), Yield stability index (YSI), Yield index (YI), Relative water content (RWC) and Electrical conductivity (EC). Data analysis was done using Path, SAS and MSTAT-C software. Means comparisons were done using Duncan’s test and graphs were drown by Excel.
Based on the combined analysis of variances, the location effect was significant for all indices. This subject indicates that effect of location on grain yield of genotypes was different. The interaction effect of genotype × location wasn’t significant for grain yield at normal condition (Yp) but it was significant at stressed condition (Ys). These results showed that grain yield of the genotypes at normal condition for both places weren’t different but grain yield of genotypes at stressed condition were different in each place. In other word, dry land yield of genotypes was various at different places. Dry land yield of genotypes at Sisab station (Bojnourd) were higher than Shirvan station due to higher precipitation in Sisab. These results indicated that effect of genotype×environment is significant and these genotypes have enough variation (Mohammadi et al., 2015). These results showed that, genotypes No. 17 and 12 with 2780 and 2608 kg.ha-1 in non-stressed and 2263 and 2119 kg.ha-1 in stressed conditions respectively, were superior to the other genotypes.
In summary, genotypes No. 17 and 12 based on all investigated indices especially STI, GMP and MP indices were superior compared to other genotypes in both stressed and non-stressed conditions. Genotypes No. 17 and 12 had 2780 and 2608 kg.ha-1 grain yield at non-stressed condition and 2263 and 2119 kg.ha-1 grain yield at stressed condition, respectively. Therefore, these genotypes were selected among all genotypes as tolerant genotypes to drought stress. Heritability of grain yield trait at drought stress is reduced due to genotype to environment interaction. So, selecting genotypes with the lowest reduction of grain yield at end season drought stress condition would help improving grain production per unit area.

Knee osteoarthritis is one of the most common musculoskeletal problems in older women which affects their daily life. It causes balance impairment, and increases the rate of falling in these patients. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the effects between tai chi exercise and glucosamine supplementation on the balance of older women with knee osteoarthritis. This was a clinical trial study, in which 75 women with knee osteoarthritis (according to the Kellgren and Lawrence scale) were chosen, and randomly assigned into 3 groups of tai chi exercise (performed 3 times a week for 3 month), glucosamine supplementation (3 times a week), and control (no intervention). Before and after interventions, static balance (measured by stabilometer in both open and closed eye) and dynamic balance [measured by timed up and go (TUG) test] were examined. Paired sample t and ANOVA tests were implemented for data analyzing at a significant level of less than 0.050. Tai chi exercise had a significant effect on static [open (t = 9.57, P = 0.001) and closed (t = 5.30, P = 0.001) eye] and dynamic balance (t = 8.54, P = 0.001); supplementation variable had a significant effect only on dynamic balance (t = 2.21, P = 0.040); in control group, there was not any significant difference between before and after intervention. Comparing three groups, the ANOVA test showed a significant difference between the exercise and control group in static [open (P = 0.001) and closed (P = 0.001) eye] and dynamic balance (P = 0.040). It seems that tai chi exercises enhance the balance in older women with knee osteoarthritis. It also could be concluded from the results that only the exercise variable has the significant effect on subject’s balance compared to glucosamine supplementation.

Humidification-Dehumidification (HDH) desalination is a thermal desalination method with the potential to be driven using solar heating. The HDH cycles are classified based on the arrangement of components, the nature of the flow pattern of each of the streams and the type of heating by either water or air stream. In this paper, the semi-open method for air circulation is proposed and thermodynamically analyzed. It is shown that when the water stream is heated and top temperature of system is fixed, this method is efficient for water heating cycle but not for air heating cycle. Also, it is shown that for a designed HDH at a specific mass rate ratio, regardless of the method of air circulation, the performance of HDH is fixed. Analyzing other parameters reveals that the impact ofenvironment temperature is more vital than the relative humidity of the environment on cycle performance, therefore HDH is efficient for both dry and humid climates. It was observed that there is a specific mass flow ratio for any specified system at which the performance of cycle is constant regardless of the percentage of the air leaving the dehumidifier and returning to the humidifier

The present paper benefit from an analytical descriptive research methodology conducted in field method with the purpose of examining linguistics competence and its pragmatic approaches application in forensic linguistics discourse in order to assess various persuasion techniques used by lawyers in penal courts of Iran to persuade judges. The data of the research gathered from20 open sessions of Shiraz city court rooms which contains 2112 sentences altogether which 654 sentences belonging to lawyers, 351 sentences to the judges, 987 to the accused and 120 sentences to the plaintiffs. In the present study .only the sentences used by the lawyers have been assessed in terms of verbal and non- verbal persuasion techniques analysis. Also the researcher has been trying to answer the question :"How actors use verbal(syntax .semantics and pragmatics) and non-verbal methods to achieve their goals and persuade each other .Findings of the study indicated that the lawyers employ verbal techniques such as use of legal acts and pragmatics approaches such as :exclusion ,inclusion ,nominalization , emphasis on remorse, denial of accused s offence and non-verbal methods in court room discourse in the realm of forensic linguistics.

The house is cultural freedom that separates us from the other. And at the same time, it enables our life and our coexistence with others. The concept of privacy and individuality are cultural concepts that vary from culture to culture. In societies where individualism is more developed and individualistic values overcome, privacy in both spatial and social terms is one of the key concepts of social life. On the other hand, the phenomenology of the concept of housing is that it can play a fundamental role in the architectural and urban design process. And the context in which the designer of the city or the architect is tied up is of fundamental importance. This article also addresses this issue. Given the descriptive-analytical method and the rational reasoning method with data collection tools: library and solar studies have been addressed to the aforementioned issue. Finally, the views of Martin Heidegger and Christine Norberg Schultz are briefly explained in the nature and concept of housing.

The aim of this study is to bridge a gap in the existence of Trilobites in the marine Permian successions of Iran by exploring a stratigraphic section of the Permian in Jamal Formation (Dizlu section). Based on comprehensive field studies and laboratory investigations three Trilobite specimens were identified in the study area including Pseudophillipsia (Carniphillipsia) dizluensis sp. nov., Pseudophillipsia (Carniphillipsia) sagittalis and Pseudophillipsia (Carniphillipsia) sp.. A new occurrence of trilobites collected from the Permian (Wordian) Jamal Formation at a section at Dizlu, Isfahan Province, Iran, is documented. They belong to a new species of Pseudophillipsia (Carniphillipsia), which is described herein, and can be attributed to the a group of species centered on P.(C). paffenholzi (Weber). It is based on 30 specimens from a single horizon, most of which are enrolled. Co-occurrence of Pseudophillipsia (Carniphillipsia) sp. A. and stenohalin groups such as brachiopods, bryozoans, and crinoids are indicating that this species were preferred shallow and carbonate environments. This is the first time that the existences of these specimens are reported in Dizlu section.

Nowadays, roads play important roles in civilian lives especially for transportation and cargo applications. Having up to date maps of roads, seems critical for every further planning and decision making. For these purposes, recently, automatic road extraction and maps generation from high and very high resolution images has become interesting topics in recent investigation of photogrammetry and remote sensing. On the other hand, Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) showed appealing proceed in generation of very high resolution imagery interesting for map generation applications because of lower expenses, higher availability and ease of application. In this paper, we try to review all the available methods presented by now for automatic road map generation based on very high resolution images achieved from UAVs. More than 20 papers are reviewed and based on critical parameter, they are analyzed and most applicable and appropriate methods are introduced.

Telomerase-targeted therapy for cancer has received great attention because telomerase is expressed in almost all cancer cells but is inactive in most normal somatic cells. This study aimed to investigate the effects of telomerase inhibitor MST-312, a chemically modified derivative of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), on apoptosis of myeloma cell line U266.
In an Experimental study, U266 cells were treated with different concentrations of MST-312 at different times; then, cell viability by trypan blue exclusion assay, cell metabolic activity by MTT assay, and cell apoptosis by Annexin V Apoptosis Detection Kit were measured. To further investigate apoptosis, BAX and BCL2 gene expression of the treated cells was investigated by the quantitative Real-Time PCR.
MST-312 exerted a dose-dependent short-term cytotoxic effect on myeloma cells. Over 50% decrease in the viability of treated cells was seen in 8 μM concentration of MST-312 within 48 h. The cytotoxic effect of MST-312 was concentration-dependent, with approximately 25, 46, and 62% reduction in metabolic activity after 48 h exposure to 2, 4, and 8 μM of MST-312, respectively. Gene expression analysis showed downregulation of antiapoptotic gene Bcl-2 and upregulation of apoptopic gene BAX.
Inhibition of telomerase activity by MST-312 represents a novel treatment strategy for Multiple Myeloma cancer.

Deposition of the Qom Formation took place in three NW–SE-trending basins: Sanandaj–Sirjan fore-arc basin, Urumieh–Dokhtar intra-arc basin and Central Iran back-arc basin. The Qom Formation deposits in southeastern Qom have been sampled and studied in order to study the microfacies and their depositional conditions. Outcrops of the Qom Formation in the study area, with 260-m thickness, consist mainly of medium to thick bedded and massive limestones, marly limestone, marl, evaporate deposits and siliciclastic deposits (siltstone, sandstone, congelomerate). Study section is unconformably underlain by the Eocene volcanic rocks and overlain by the Upper Red Formation (URF). On the basis of recognized foraminifera and their vertical distribution, the Qom Formation is Rupelian-Burdigalian in age in the study area. Fourteen microfacies were recognized based on field investigations and microscopic studies. Based on recognized microfacies and field investigations and absence of reefal, oolitic and bioclastic barriers, the Qom Formation in southeastern Qom deposited on an open shelf. This shelf, is generally dividable into two depositional environments including inner shlf (lagoon) and middle shelf (open marine). However, outer shelf deposites which is characterized by the presence of planktonic foraminifera and/or light-independent, heterotroph organisms, as well as absence of larger benthic foraminifera are not observed in the study area.

Let $R$ be a commutative ring with identity and $M$ be an $R$-module. Let $FSpec(M)$ denotes the collection of all prime fuzzy submodules of $M$. In this regards some basic properties of Zariski topology on $FSpec(M)$ are investigated. In particular, we prove some equivalent conditions for irreducible subsets of this topological space and it is shown under certain conditions $FSpec(M)$ is a $T_0-$space or Hausdorff.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) offers higher diagnostic accuracy for brain lesions caused by heroin abuse compared to compute tomography (CT) scan. These lesions have a low signal on T1-weighted (T1W) images and a high signal on T2-weighted (T2W) and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) images. This study aimed to evaluate the role of diffusion-weighted MRI (DWI-MRI) in heroin addicts.
This cross-sectional study was conducted on 20 patients with heroin addiction (vapor inhalation/injection) referring to Imam Reza Hospital of Mashhad, Iran. Patients in whom heroin abuse was only cause of consciousness, loss and neurological symptoms were enrolled in this study. Demographic data of the patients were recorded, including MRI, FLAIR, T1W and T2W images. In addition, DWI of axial and sagittal sections of the brain was performed in the following sequences.
In this study, mean age of patients was 40.15±7.673 years, and 95% of patients were male. The most common mode of heroin use was inhalation, and mean duration of addiction was 5.48±3.393 years. Mean daily intake of heroin was 13.4±15.30 grams, and mean duration of heroin abuse was 10.3 and 4.6 years in patients with and without MRI changes, respectively. A significant correlation was observed between MRI changes and duration of heroin use (r=0.721) (p=0.001). In addition, a significant correlation was observed between MRI changes and daily intake of heroin (p=0.006).
According to the results of this study, brain lesions caused by heroin abuse have a low signal on T1W images and a high signal on T2W and FLAIR images. Therefore, it could be concluded that heroin intake has significant effects on the brain of users.

Nowadays the widespread use of cell phones has increased concerns about the biological effects of electromagnetic fields on human body. The purpose of the present study was to examine the role of physical activity in moderating the effects of extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMF) emitted from cell phones on rat locomotor activity.
Material and Male Albino-Wistar rats (no=70) were divided into seven groups: Short and Long- term physical activity; Control, ELF-EMF; Sham; Long-term physical activityႱEMF; Short-term physical activityႱEMF. Short and Long- term physical activity groups were forced to daily treadmill running (30 minutes) for one week and one month, respectively. ELF-EMF group was exposed to ELF-EMF cell phone simulator for three hours during the period. Having placed in the ELF-EMF simulator device, the physical activityႱEMF groups were transferred to treadmill. Locomotor activity were analyzed as distance, time and speed of movement in open field apparatus.
The results showed that the ELF-EMF from cell phones can significantly decrease the locomotor activity in the exposed rats. On the other hand, short and long-term physical activity significantly increased motor activity in the trained rats (P≤0.05). However, there was no significant difference between the combination groups (Physical activityႱEMF) and ELF group in locomotor activity.
The results revealed that the physical activity could not prevent the decrease of locomotor activity caused by ELF-EMF from cell phone.