ata gafari

In the modern era, the rapid development of information and telecommunications technology, the transition from industrial city to various types of new cities have been: digital cities, knowledge-based, informational, inclusive, and at the head of them have facilitated the smart city. One of the requirements for the formation of smart cities is the change in the approaches to the management and governance of the cities, which is referred to as smart governance. According to some experts, smart cities begin with smart governance. The main objective of this study is to investigate the bases and obstacles that are involved in the realization or lack of realization of intelligent governance. In this regard, while identifying and studying the instances of intelligent governance, Nursingand analyzes the level of readiness and feasibility of existing bases in this area. The type of research is developmental-practical, and in terms of nature and method, descriptive-analytical and survey. Initial data collection was carried out using documentary and field methods . The data analysis process was performed through the network analysis or ANP analysis and the Super Desicion software. The results of this study show that the Smart governance with a score of 0.14 after the environment, mobility and smart people is in the fourth place of implementation. Among the obstacles to realizing the city, the lack of specialized staff and research centers are the most important obstacle in the realm of environment Smart is in the heart of the city.

Earthquake as one of the most devastating and destructive natural hazards; especially in developing countries, it has been a long time ago With the collapse of buildings and urban infrastructure, Imports a lot of damage to property and assets in urban areas and around them. In response to this, international organizationschr('39') strategies to mitigate disasters have made their societies resilient to natural disasters. And considers it within the framework of the Higgo for the years 2005-2015. In fact, the goal of this approach is to reduce the vulnerability of cities and to strengthen citizenschr('39') abilities to deal with the dangers of threats such as natural disasters. Considering that the area of ​​a Tehran city due to its proximity to faults such as Mashaa fault, North Tehran fault Also, the effects of faults in and around the region such as Niavaran fault, Mahmoodieh fault and Darabad fault (Banamieh) are located in a region with a high seismic hazard. Assessment of resilience of the region to earthquake risk and resilience of the region In order to reduce the risks of earthquakes in this area is very important. Accordingly, the present study was conducted with the aim of assessing the resilience situation of the 10th district of Tehran municipality district against earthquake. The method of this research is descriptive-analytical with a purposeful purpose. The research area of ​​the 10th Region is a municipality of Tehran. The raw data used by the Tehran Municipality Information Technology Organization has been obtained. To determine the relative importance of each component used in research According to experts from the Urban Planning Area, the Network Analysis Process (ANP) has been used in the form of Super Decisions software. Then, to rank 10 areas of a Tehran municipality district against earthquake, Multi-criteria decision making models (MCDMs) including TOPSIS, VIKOR, HAW and SAW models have been used. Considering that different methods have been used to rank the areas Different results have been achieved, to overcome the contradictions between the various ratings of the regions in each of the models, and a single result has been used to rank the areas of the congregationchr('39')s integrated model. Finally, in order to speak, the results of the model used in the ArcGIS environment were mapped. In this research, for the spatial analysis of the resilience of the 10 district areas of a Tehran municipality from the results four models (TOPSIS, VIKOR, HAW and SAW) were used. Based on the results of the TOPSIS technique, areas 8, 3 and 2 of resilience are large, areas 7 and 4 of the moderate resilience, Areas 5, 1, 6 and 10 have low resilience and area 9 has very little resilience against the earthquake. Based on the results of the VIKOR model, areas 3 and 4 of the resilience, regions 2, 7, 5, 9, 8, 6 and 10 of the moderate resilience Medium and area one have low resilience against earthquake. Based on the results of the HAW model, area 3 of the high resilience, regions 2, 7, 8 and 4 of the moderate resilience and areas 10, 1, 6 and 9 are of low resilience. In this model, no area has been found to be very resilient. Based on the results of the SAW model, regions 3, 2, 8, and 7 are in the range of many resiliences, regions 5 and 4 in the moderate resilience range, Area 9 is in the low resilience range and areas 10, 6 and 1 are in the low resilience range against earthquakes. In this study, we evaluated the resilience situation in the districts of Tehran municipality district in an earthquake Multi-criteria decision-making methods including TOPSIS, VIKOR, HAW and SAW were used, Then a CONDORCET integrated model was used to achieve a single result of these analyzes. The results of the Canadian model, which is the result of a combination of the final results of the models (Tapis, VIKOR, HAW and SAW), show that Areas 2, 4, 5, and 3 are of high resilience, areas 7, 8 and 1 of the moderate resilience, 10 and 6 of the resilience, and area 9 of the resilience is very low against earthquakes. Which should be prioritized in future plans. Although it is possible to assess the vulnerability of urban areas by using different models and mapping them in the regionchr('39')s resilience to the earthquake crisis, a significant part of post-crisis casualties fell but this will not be achieved until the authorities are seriously determined.

Increasing population and growing urbanization have led to the growth and expansion of cities in uncertain locations, regardless of natural and biological parameters. The process of unplanned physical development has aggravated the vulnerability of cities to environmental hazards, which requires informed guidance and basic planning for environmental sustainability. Therefore, the present study intends to use the ANP model in a synthetic approach with GIS to evaluate the resilience rate and ecological power of a district of Tehran against earthquakes in relation to the eight main criteria slope, gradient direction, geological structures, fault type, distance From the bed of the rivers, the distance from the aqueducts, land use and distance from unsustainable areas in terms of urbanization) and 38 sub-criteria. The method of this research is descriptive-analytic with an objective purpose. The results of this study showed that 27.28% of the area (946.63 Hectares) has a very high resilience, 10.86% (376.97 hectares) has a high resilience, 23.46% (813.88 hectares) has a moderate resilience, 25.03% (868.60 hectares) has a low resilience and 13.34% (463.00 hectares) has a very low resilience against earthquake. In general, municipality districts located in the west of Tehran's municipality district 1 are less tolerable and less ecological power to earthquakes than other areas of the district.

The vast environmental damages of earthquakes have recently attracted more attentions to the concept of resilience to minimize the pernicious effects of such disaster. The present study evaluates the physical resilience in municipality region one of Tehran against the possible earthquakes. Using a descriptive-analytic method and GIS modeling, data were analyzed based on results obtained by network analysis process. The general resilience map of the region was drawn. Then a fuzzy technique was applied to the map to create different scenarios of earthquake magnitudes. The results indicated that in a probable earthquake of 6 Richter’s magnitude scale, 11.13 percent of constructions would locate at the low and very low resilience range. In such a scenario except two, other neighborhoods of the region would not be facing a serious vulnerability. With a probable 7 Richter’s scenario, the previous percentage would increase to 39. In a probable 8 Richter’s scenario, 52.29 percent of constructions would be faced with serious danger by which almost all rural textures fall in the very low range of resilience scale. Finally, in a probable 9 Richter’s scenario, 67.45 percent of constructions would fall at low and very low range of resilience scale. Most of them locate at areas of 1, 3, 4, 5 and 8 of the region.

Debris cones are the form of slope materials, especially in mountainous areas that were streak rapid and dangerous. Because of existence more weathered volcanic rocks, mountainous topography; climatic conditions with high temperature fluctuating and large number of frost days and tectonic forces activity, Aghlaghan basin have greater potential for Debris cones and Talus slopes mass movement is very active. Therefore, Debris cones and Talus slopes are considered as the most important factors in enhancing the sedimentation in rivers. The occurrence of these phenomena every year, leads to severe soil erosion and filling Yamchi dam, in the lower part of basin. The purpose of this study is the assessment and zonation of Debris cones and Talus slopes. In this study, at first, we investigated eleven Debris cones and Talus slopes risk factors in the region. These factors are: slope, aspect, lithology, distance from roads, distance from drainage, distance from fault, rainfall, number of frost days, temperature fluctuating, land use and soil. Then data layers were prepared by GIS. Analysis and modeling was performed by using the Vikor model as one of the multi-criteria decision analysis. Eventually zoning map was prepared on 5 classes very high to very low risky. According to zoning map, 2761.72 and 7854.30 hectares of area located in categories of very risky and high risk, respectively. Most risk areas are located in the weathered volcanic formations, between 35 to 30 percent slopes, slopes with low vegetation and overlooking the valley.