ata pourabbasi

Personalized business courses are an effective way to learn the basics of a business or industry. This study analyzed the effectiveness of the business course offered at Smart University of Medical Sciences.

This study evaluated the personalized business course using retrospective data to assess learner satisfaction. The course was delivered entirely online but was flexible in delivery. It was designed according to the ASSURE educational model, which emphasizes content presentation and personalization of the learning experience. The course was attended by 132 participants. In this study, the validity of the data collection instrument was confirmed by ten SMUMS faculty members, after which a preliminary study was conducted with 10 pilot samples, yielding a Cronbach coefficient of 96%. For the translation into Persian, the World Health Organization guide was used as a methodological model.

A total of 15 out of 18 participants from the Ministry of Science were satisfied with the course, as were 87 out of 107 participants from the Ministry of Health. Satisfaction with the course was higher among males than females, (84.6% versus 74.3%). The course was rated satisfactory by 81.4% of participants.

Satisfaction with the course may lead to similar courses being offered in the future. This personalized business course was a great success. Participants were satisfied with the content they learned and the progress they made.

The higher health education system in the Islamic Republic of Iran is an integrated system with multiple stakeholders responsible for training human resources in the health sector at different levels. The Academy of Medical Sciences of the Islamic Republic of Iran is one of the effective institutional factors in this system. This study aimed to explain the position of the Academy of Medical Sciences in the country’s medical sciences education system and outline its major directions in this field. In this study, the knowledge-to-action framework was implemented in four steps. Effective institutional factors in system development were explained, and the role of the various stakeholders of the country’s medical sciences education system was compared with them. Then, the functions of the academy as a main beneficiary based on the degree of connection with the stages of the knowledge-to-action framework were weighted, and finally, these functions were classified into different categories. According to this model, although the academy plays a role in many stages of the development of the country’s medical sciences education system, it primarily functions as a think tank and observatory and to a lesser extent as a knowledge implementation unit. The model presented in this study will help the trustees of the Academy of Medical Sciences to play the largest and most effective role in the development of the country’s medical sciences education system, with optimal resource management and principled development of human capacities, thereby laying the groundwork for the improvement of the integrated health system.

“Hello, friends. I am the mother of a 2‑year‑old; someone who thought she had died of diabetes. But now, in the presence of you, I declare that I am fine, and I am proud of myself that I am the pancreas of my child. Congratulations on reaching 500 members.” This message is from one of the mothers in the Shirin (sweet) Family Club on the group hitting 500 members milestone. The Shirin Family Club was launched in early 2016 with 96 parents of diabetic children on the Telegram network as a diabetes case‑finding initiative.

It is necessary to follow the example of different sectors for designing a model of intersectoral collaboration for implementing spatial planning policy of medical education in Iran. Therefore, the present study examines the various dimensions of industry-university collaboration in selected countries, as an example of intersectoral collaboration in higher medical education.

In this research, 7 key terms were searched in valid scientific databases and databases in selected countries. After reviewing the documentation, unrelated items were deleted and the remaining content was reviewed.

The study investigated general conditions, responsible institutions and structure of medical education, and also industry-university collaboration in R&D projects in 4 countries, including the United States, Germany, the United Kingdom and Australia. The findings show that industry-university collaboration has grown in these countries and most of the R&D costs is provided by the industry sector.

Designing long-term industry-university collaboration, different industries collaboration, defining interdisciplinary projects, more communication with society and monitoring real needs and designing supportive policies to encourage individuals and industries to invest in R&D must be considered for promoting industry-university collaboration in developing countries.

The domestic market is relatively small for Knowledge-based products, therefore, every knowledge-based company for growth and development must enter international markets. While, the entry process is full of obstacles and challenges. The purpose of this study is to identify the barriers that health-related knowledge-based companies face when entering international markets.

In this research, the review study method and the expert panel have been used. Data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 25), descriptive statistics, and non-parametric testing of Kruskal Wallis.

The findings showed the main internal barriers were lack of investment in research and development activities, lack of research cooperation between industry and academia, lack of participation in international exhibitions, the main external obstacles were the lack of access to the distribution channel, the existence of other competitors with famous brands and lack of knowledge of the laws and regulations of foreign countries.

This study provides practical advice to managers of knowledge-based companies intending to enter international markets, including: investing in research and development activities, Research cooperation between industry and academia, attending prestigious domestic and foreign exhibitions, access to a suitable distribution channel, identifying foreign competitors with famous brands and being aware of the laws and regulations of foreign countries.

Entrepreneurship leads to an increase in national income by creating new jobs and plays a role as a positive factor in economic growth by serving as a bridge between innovation and the market. The aim of this study was to identify the capacity and barriers existing in the medical universities of Iran to develop entrepreneurship from the viewpoint of some of the officials and academic experts.

This qualitative, descriptive-analytic study was conducted to explore threats and opportunities in educational entrepreneurship at medical universities. The sample consists of medical universitieschr('39') deputies of education across the country, attending the national meeting of education deputies. A questionnaire containing 10 open questions was tailored and given to the participants. After returning the questionnaires, the responses were evaluated using the content analysis method.

The issues related to the strengths of the medical universities in entrepreneurship development can be summarized in 3 categories: human factors, organizational and infrastructure factors, and technical and technological factors. With regard to the existing weaknesses while developing entrepreneurship in the context of medical universities, there are 3 general categories: education and research barriers, state-legal-political, and economic-managerial shortcomings.
The barriers to entrepreneurship development among medical graduates can be categorized in 4 groups, including education and information, cultural and social factors, financial barriers as well as structural and infrastructural drawback.

The most important movement toward entrepreneurship development in medical universities could be making structural revisions in transforming into third-generation universities. This important issue is being pursued and implemented by the government in the form of Plan for Development and Innovation in Medical Education.

Transformation in the higher education system has been emphasized in national mega policies in order to achieve scientific hegemony. During the past years, many efforts have been made to medical education transformation policy making in Iran, such as the program of transformation and innovation in medical education. Considering the experiences gained and in order to solve the challenges that existed in the implementation of these programs, the hexagonal model of university excellence are designed. This model designed to clarify and magnify the role of university in promotion of medical education system and also emphasizes on the role of the university as the main institution of medical education.

In this study, the following steps have been taken: 1. Review of scientific documents 2. Review and analysis of Mega policies of the Islamic Republic of Iran 3. Review of policy making experiences in medical education system of Iran and preparing a list of strengths and weaknesses of previous policies 4. 4. Forming an elite panel and classifying components and designing the model

In this model, the inputs and outputs of each component of medical education system including policy-making, implementation and evaluation have been extracted. The system inputs include Student, faculty members, resources, rules and regulations, data and information, and knowledge content. As well as output of this system including scientific hegemony, convergence of sciences, globalization, social accountability, the promotion of wisdom and mission-oriented universities. This article examines the components of the hexagonal model of university excellence in Iran. We hope that with the existing infrastructure in the medical education system, this model will be implemented well and provide the basis for improving the Iranian health system.

Sleep is one of the important factors in the quality of brain function. In particular, the function of the person, learning, memory, concentration, and the potential of the individual are closely related to sleep. With regard to age and physiological changes, the average sleep time among adolescents is low. In this study, the effect of a daily nap on the promotion of academic performance of high school adolescents in Tehran, Iran, has been assessed.

In this research, 56 high school students from one of Tehran's schools with an average age of 15.3 years were volunteered. Students went to the school hall after finishing classes in the morning at 12:10, and it was 50 minutes when they were considered for their sleep. Students informed researchers with a questionnaire on the educa-tional activities outside the school.

The participants showed to have an average of 2059.50 minutes after-school activity during the 2 weeks preced-ing the intervention, which reached 2388.11 minutes after the implementation of the in-school sleep program. This time was significantly higher than after-school activity time before intervention.

According to the results of this study, there is a significant positive correlation between daytime napping and the capacity of after-school activity in adolescents. More investigation about installing in-school sleep programs for improving educational performance in adolescents is recommended.

Metabolic indices are the wide range of characteristic factors, which can be changed during several medical conditions such as metabolic syndrome. Nutrition and related behaviors are one of the main aspects of human lifestyle which recent investigations have recognized their roles in the development of metabolic disorders. According to the spread of risky nutritional habits/behaviors due to the changes in lifestyle, and its importance in the prevalence of metabolic disorders, the authors attempted to summarize these evidences in a systematic review. The present study is a systematic review that encompasses those studies investigating the association between metabolic indices and nutritional/dietary behaviors published in two international databases in recent 11 years. Twenty-nine related articles were considered and their data were extracted. The relation between food choices and metabolic indices is more frequent in studies. While, inhibition and abstinent and eating together were two behavioral sets with the smallest share of research. Anthropometric indices have the highest rate in the evaluations. Finding the links between nutritional behavior and metabolic indices will be the key point in selecting the different types of interventions. These results will guide therapists to the accurate recognition of metabolic effects in targeting behavior for their intervention.

Adolescence is a time of risks and opportunities. This study aimed to investigate andprioritize the behavioral concerns of male adolescents. A modified Delphi study (2018-2019) was conducted in two stages. In the first stage,adolescents’ behavioral concerns were extracted based on seven qualitative interviews and a focusgroup. Then, a questionnaire was designed using the obtained data; also, two-round consensusbuildingapproach (rating and ranking) through surveys were conducted among 90students, teachersand parents covered by the Health Departments of Tehran University of Medical Sciences, who hadbeen selected using a stratified cluster random sampling method. Qualitative content analysis was usedin the first stage and descriptive statistics in the second stage to analyze the data. In the first stage, eight categories emerged, including relational challenges with parents andother adults; poor interaction with peers; lack of adaptation to conditions; emotional dysregulation;self-esteem and sense of purposefulness issues; materialistic tendencies; cyberspace issues; and nonadherenceto religious beliefs. Then 63 behavioral concerns were identified. In each round (rating/ranking), 29/27, 28/29, and 30/30, responses were received for students, parents and teachers,respectively. According to the specified scores given to different issues, ten top problems according tothe viewpoint of different groups were extracted. “lack of planning and prioritization skill”, “insufficient skill for controlling crisis”, and “lackof resilience” are the most important priority for male adolescents, teachers and parents, respectively.These findings can be used for planning programs based on the adolescents’ behavioral concerns.

Background:

Physical activity is affecting every aspect of our life. A sedentary lifestyle can be the risk factor for noncommunicable diseases (NCD) or premature death all over the world. Several studies demonstrate that school‑based physical activity promotion is an important solution to make healthy behaviors, especially in children and adolescents. In this vein, the current research evaluates a model for physical activity, which is promoted through a game among high school students.

Methods:

In this study, 47 high school’s 10th‑grade boys from Tehran were requited. The game scenario included the suggestion of some behaviors which can increase daily physical activity by each student, like or dislike each behavior by other students, counting likes, selecting the most‑liked behaviors, and rewarding their proposers. After a week, the behavioral recall was assessed and compared with a control group who had been heard these behaviors in the class without gamification.

Results:

The participants in the game could recall physical activity behaviors significantly more than peers in the control group.

Conclusions:

The findings show gamification could significantly improve the effectiveness of education for normal behaviors in physical activity.

 Having a child with diabetes creates a great deal of stress for mothers. The transactional model of stress and coping is one of the best conceptual frameworks for stressors.

 This study aimed to investigate factors related to health promoting behaviors based on transactional model in mothers of children with type 1 diabetes.

 This study was conducted on 180 mothers of children with type 1 diabetes. The data was collected using a multi-sectional questionnaire including demographic characteristics and questions about the model constructs. Data were analyzed by SPSS software (version 19) and using statistical tests.

 The highest mean score was related to interpersonal relationships (13.8 ± 4.5) and the lowest was related to stress management (10.8 ± 4.2). Linear regression model showed that mother’s education, information seeking, and social support had a positive effect, and primary appraisal and emotion-focused coping had a negative effect on the mother’s health promotion behaviors. In the regression model R-square accounts for 53.7% of the variance.

 The transactional model was an appropriate framework for explaining the coping outcomes in mothers of children with type 1 diabetes. By mothers’ attempts to improve attitude about diabetes and reduce their vulnerability, training to use coping strategies, increasing information and inter-sectoral interventions for attracting sufficient support from patients’ families can be hopeful in improving mothers’ behavioral Functioning.

With the increasing prevalence of obesity among adolescents, many studies have been conducted on the impact of body mass index (BMI) on adolescents’ health-related quality of life. The objective of this research was to study the association among eating behavior constructs, anthropometric parameters of BMI, and health-related quality of life (HRQOL).

Random cluster sampling was employed to select 250 female high school students and their mothers in six schools located in District 3 of Tehran, Iran, in October 2017. The research tools were: Child Eating Behavior Questionnaire (CEBQ), Short Form of Health-Related Quality of Life Questionnaire for Children and Adolescents (Kidscreen-10), and BMI measurements. Data were analyzed by Pearson correlation coefficient and analysis of variance.

The findings of the research showed a significant indirect correlation between certain practices of eating behavior with HRQOL variables such as emotional over-eating (r=“0.13”, P=0.038) and emotional under-eating (r=“0.14”, P=0.022); a weak significant indirect correlation was further observed between slowness in eating (r=“0.11”, P=”0.078”) and variables of HRQOL. The results showed no association between BMI and HRQOL.

The present study showed that controlling behaviors such as slowness in eating, emotional over-eating, and emotional under-eating are able to significantly improve the quality of life regardless of anthropometric indices. Eating behaviors ultimately make up a major component of adolescents’ lifestyle; therefore, they play a key role in improving their quality of life.

Upper documents of Iran are categorized in one of four levels of philosophy, doctrine, principles and policies, according to the level of policy making system. The “Second Step of the Revolution” Statement was issued by Iran’s Supreme Leader. This article, reviewing the status of this statement in the Upper documents of Iran and provides a model for its implementation in Iran’s medical education system.

first phase: the expert panel was formed and the list of upper policy documents of Iran was prepared. Second phase: the content of the statement was analyzed and its imperative propositions in the higher education system were extracted. Third phase: adaptation of the packages of reform and innovation of medical education with the main categories of “second Step of the revolution” statement took place.

107 propositions were extracted from the statement and 14 propositions related to the higher education system were extracted. Finally, three categories related to education, including the achievement of scientific hegemony and the promotion of national dignity, advantageous and community-based science and justice in access to services and eliminating poverty were extracted from the contents of the statement and the packages of reform and innovation matched with these categories.

According to the results this statement should be classified as the country's policy principles. Given the direction that this statement has been made to the country, it is clear that the current and new policies and laws of the country should be drafted and reviewed in accordance with this statement.

Considering the potential importance of knowledge management (KM) in research centers, as a productivity tool for knowledge creation and innovation, as well as the significance of employees’ commitment and motivation as an important factor for successful implementation of KM, the present study aims to investigate the association between KM and organizational commitment among the researchers working in research centers of Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS).

Data gathering tools were knowledge management questionnaire developed by Lawson (2003) and Organizational Commitment questionnaire introduced by Mowday, Steers and Porter (1979), respectively. Data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 25) and descriptive statistics and inferential statistics were extracted by the Pearson’s correlation coefficient test.

The findings showed that there is a positive and significant correlation between KM and organizational commitment among researchers of research centers affiliated to TUMS and the researchers were enjoying a relatively desirable KM level and high organizational commitment. Also the Pearson’s correlation coefficient showed that there is a positive and significant correlation between the production, acquisition and organization of knowledge with organizational commitment, but there was no significant correlation between the storage, dissemination and utilization of knowledge with organizational commitment.

The results of the research showed that the level of commitment and motivation of employees is critical due to its infrastructural role in implementing KM and increasing the efficiency of the organization.

Science and technology policy making has recently been considered, due to the complexity of the decision-making environments in the world. Medical higher education is one of the subsets of science and technology systems in which future-oriented policy making is particularly important because of the changing environment of health systems and the need to respond to this changes.
Since the formation of the ministry of health and medical education in Iran, some efforts have been made for medical education policy making, which has often been reactive and has not been properly implemented. The program for the reform and innovation in medical education as the first future-oriented policy making experience in the field of medical higher education in Iran began in 2015 And is being implemented using the spatial planning program and a multilevel system. This paper examines the dimensions and patterns of higher education and policy-making experiences of higher education in Iran.

The packages for reform and innovation in medical education have been implemented as the main policies of Iran’s medical education since 2015. The faculty members of medical universities have identified as the main stakeholders of this policies. This study was conducted to survey the stakeholder’s information.
This study was conducted in three steps including Sampling from faculty members of the medical universities of Iran, by cluster sampling method, Data collection through telephone inquiry and Analysis of information in two categories of quantitative and qualitative information.
More than 63% of the faculty members were aware of the implementation of the packages for reform and innovation in medical education, and the university meeting was the main way to get this information. The policies for move to third-generation universities is more interesting for the participants than other reform and innovation policy packages. Educational dynamics and related issues are the most prevalent among Strengths mentioned by participants, as well as the lack of notification processes are the main point of weaknesses mentioned in implementing the packages of reform and innovation in Medical education.
There are significant differences in faculty members' knowledge about the packages for reform and innovation in medical education in different spatial areas of Iran. Totally, although the notification activities about reform and innovation plan in medical education was effective, but it needs to be strengthened and planned more accurately and more efficiently, through more effective methods such as the holding academic meetings for staffs.

Lack of a clear policy for the development of health human resources has created inconsistencies. These imbalances are threats to the health system to achieve its goals. Therefore, the development of human resources through proper performance of higher education health system is an important part of the policy development process of the health sector. The present paper to introduce the methods applied for the compilation of evolution and innovation program of medical sciences training as well as the most important directions for evolution and innovation. In this study, we evaluated the methodology for designing packages of Iran’s higher education health system evolution and innovation. For this purpose, the evaluation of the policy process was conducted based on Michelle and Scott’s policy process models. This policy evaluation model starts by problem identification and definition and continue by agenda setting, policy formation, legitimation, implementation, evaluation, and policy modification, using the proper feedback. Qualitative content analysis method was used as a research method for subjective interpretation of the content of the text data. Twelve policies, 68 strategies and their translation in the health system were adopted in a comprehensive plan for higher health education. Eleven practical packages were also developed in order to implement these policies as packages for reform and innovation in medical education. These packages were organized based on the IPOCC pattern. The lack of a comprehensive look at each project or program could bring about irreparableness consequences. However, the MoHME of Iran, relying on the integration of health higher education with health care system and comprehensive method used for transformation and innovation plan in the field of health higher education could take an important step towards improving the nation’s health.

Awareness about puberty and adolescence in girls, plays an important role in society’s future fertility health. According to parents’ role in educating Teenage girls about puberty, this study was run to evaluate girl’s challenges about puberty and compare these challenges with their mothers’ concerns. Participants were 20 girls aged 12 years old and their mothers in an educational center in Ahwaz, Iran. Data was collected by semi-structured interview and analyzed with a content analysis method. Two themes and 6 subthemes were extracted from data analysis. Theme “puberty challenges found by adolescents” consists of three subthemes including confidante chosen to talk about puberty, puberty confusion and information source about puberty. Second theme “mother’s view” consists of three subthemes including mother’s concerns about puberty, mother’s point of view about their daughter’s information source about puberty and mother’s awareness of their daughter’s puberty challenges. According to mothers’ role as their daughter’s confidante for educating puberty and on the other side, partial incompatibility of Challenges between mothers and adolescents, it seems necessary to empower mothers in effective communication with teenagers for better education of pubertal issues.

Puberty happens through physical and psychological challenges, and considering the critical role of puberty as the influencer of human’s future personality, health and social connections, it’s necessary to apply on time, multidimensional, culture- based education in this age. Studies have shown lack of awareness in adolescents about puberty physical and psychological health; and lack of comprehensive puberty education program. The purpose of this study is to provide Islamic and culture- based education material and also methods of different aspect of presentation. This review study was held by desk research methods. Physical and psychological health academic sources and Islamic books and articles were searched. Results shows puberty education can be held in three stages; giving awareness, notion internalization and behavior regulation. Also Islamic and cultural educational methods such as how to start an education, the role of an instructor and the content of education program, were found helpful. Depth and helpfulness of Islamic and cultural sources; especially in case of maturity, puberty and youth, necessitates designing a multidimensional educational program concerning puberty’s vast dimensions; such as physical, psychological and social growth; through window of Islam and Iranian culture.

The concept of spatial planning has been raised in Iran for many years. The Spatial Planning directive of Medical Higher Education was approved as the first in Iran in 2015. Intersectoral collaboration is one of the important dimensions for implementation of this policy. So, we are trying to design an intersectoral collaboration model for implementing Spatial Planning policy of Medical Higher Education in Iran.

This study will be carried out by use of synthetic method and grounded theory as qualitative strategy. The target population of this study is managers of Iran Ministry of Health and managers of medical universities. Sampling will be stopped whenever information is saturated. Data will be gathered by Library study, literature review, interview and questionnaire and analyzed using proper software. The result will be published in relevant journals.

Eleven relative components have been extracted by literature reviews which are investigated in 3 groups of inputs, operations and outputs. This study will try to answer to the questions about some issues such as Strengths and Challenges in the collaboration of involved organizations and improving these intersectoral collaborations for better implementation of spatial planning policy in Iran

Health labor training is the main mission of medical education system in order to improve accountability of education in community. Accordingly, the program on the development and innovation of medical education as strategic guidelines for health education in the Islamic Republic of Iran has been developed in the form of 11 operational packages. one of the things that actually ensures the correct implementation of the organizational policies is the regular and proportionate evaluation of the programs, the Plan for Monitoring and Evaluating these programs has been developed in the phase of development of Packages for Reform and Innovation in Medical Education and the evaluation of Packages, simultaneously with its implementation, is underway.
Methods and Materials: The Plan of Monitoring and Evaluation of Packages for Reform and was designed and implemented concurrent with the launch of these Packages. The steps include Formation of Evaluation Committees, Development of Indicators for Monitoring and Evaluation, Designing ATNA; a Platform for Collecting Indicators, Process Evaluation and Output Evaluation.
Results and Monitoring and evaluation of Packages for Reform and Innovation in Medical Education has been carried out in different stages and in evaluating these Packages, a combination of scientific patterns has been used.
Since February 2016 two evaluation phases were implemented in the field of medical education.