فهرست مطالب b. dowran

Suicide is a leading cause of death globally, necessitating its assessment through valid tools. Among these tools, the Literacy of Suicide Scale (LOSS), developed by Calear et al., has not yet been validated for Persian-speaking populations. Therefore, this study aimed to translate, evaluate, and validate the LOSS within a young military community.

This cross-sectional study employed a methodological approach. The sample consisted of young military personnel who visited counseling and psychology clinics and were selected via convenience sampling. Initially, the original version of the scale was translated into Persian using the Forward-Backward method. To evaluate content validity, ten experts assessed the scale, calculating the content validity ratio (CVR) and the content validity index (CVI). Face validity was also assessed with a sample of 20 subjects from the study population. Reliability was tested through a test-retest procedure with a two-week interval and measurement of Cronbach's alpha. Finally, the questionnaire was administered to 415 subjects to assess construct and convergent validity.

The CVR, CVI, and face validity of all questions on the LOSS were at acceptable levels. The Cronbach's alpha for the subscales ranged from 0.71 to 0.76, and for the total scale, it was 0.75. Additionally, all components of the LOSS showed a significant relationship with the total score of the questionnaire (r>0.2).

The Persian version of the LOSS demonstrates acceptable validity and reliability for use among young military personnel.

Military personnel are likely to encounter mental health problems due to high-risk occupations associated with significant levels of psychological distress. The present study aimed to determine the factors that caused psychological distress in Iranian military staff members.
Participants &

This qualitative research was done in two steps on psychological distress among military personnel. The first stage was a brief review. We studied texts related to psychological distress in the military, then we extracted the factors affecting psychological distress. The second stage was the interview with 15 experts. Purposeful sampling was used to select participants and continued until data saturation was reached. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews and analyzed through direct content analysis. The results were presented as codes, subcategories, and categories using an inductive approach.

In the first stage, 25 studies were found, and in the second stage, 395 primary codes and two main categories, including demands and resources, were developed based on the opinion of experts.

Different factors affect the military members’ psychological distress, which are divided into two categories and six subcategories: Demands (military related demands, occupational-organizational demands, individual-occupational demands, and personal demands) and Resources (personal resources and job resources).

Military personnel has high-risk occupations. Virtues and strengths as the values that govern the actions and behavior are suitable predictors for these jobs. We intend to examine the role of virtues and character strengths on psychological distress in military personnel comprehensively.

This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on military men in Tehran from June 3, 2020, to October 31, 2020. The military personnel of Tehran were selected by available sampling. 410 Iranian military personnel completed the demographic questionnaire and the Virtues Inventory in Action (VIA-120) and Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlation, regression, T-test, and ANOVA.

According to the results, the virtues of Justice and humanity had a higher average than other virtues. Among the character strengths, integrity, kindness, gratitude, persistence, open-mindedness, social intelligence, respectively, were six of the most important strengths with which military personnel described themselves. The virtue of temperance and transcendence were related to work experience. Only wisdom differed significantly at the academic level (p<0.05). No significant differences were found between the virtues in military ranks (p>0.05). All dimensions of virtues and character strengths were significantly associated with psychological distress (p<0.05). Nevertheless, only the dimension of transcendence had the power to predict psychological distress.

Strengthening the dimension of transcendence can reduce psychological distress in military personnel. Recognizing the most important Virtues and character strengths in Military Personnel and discovering implications additional ways to promote the virtues, military personnel can improve their performance.

Military personnel plays a vital role in the security of the country. One of the basic steps to increase their life satisfaction is to recognize happiness and self-esteem. Therefore, the goal of the present study was to examine the relationship between happiness, life satisfaction, and self-esteem among military personnel.

This descriptive-correlational study was conducted on all military personnel in Tehran in 2020. 317 Military personnel participated through the census method. Data collection instruments included the Persian versions of the 29-item Oxford Happiness Questionnaire, the 5-item Satisfaction with Life Scale, the 10-item Rosenberg Self-Esteem. Data were explored using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficients, and stepwise multiple linear regression analysis.

The mean age of participants was 33.4±8.32 years. The mean±SD for Life satisfaction (SWLS), Self-esteem, and happiness were 24.70±7.09, 31.20±5.72, and 75.01±13.20, respectively. The results obtained from the ordinary least-square (OLS) regression indicated that life satisfaction was significantly associated with economic status, happiness, and self-esteem (R2: 0.39). The correlations between happiness, self-esteem and life satisfaction were 0.41 and 0.47, respectively.

Military personnel has moderate life satisfaction, happiness, and self-esteem. In addition, the findings suggest that their life satisfaction is associated with happiness and self-esteem.