dariush kadkhoda

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a kind of blood cancer that is caused by the malfunction of plasma cells and their uncontrolled growth, which leads to a decrease in the level of immunity and the formation of bone lesions, especially in the spine, skull, pelvis, and ribs. Common symptoms in MM patients include severe bone pain, kidney problems, anemia, and frequent infections. This study aims to employ appropriate cure models to estimate the cure fraction and prognostic factors affecting overall survival (OS) in MM patients who have undergone transplantation.

This study has analyzed the medical records of 52 patients with multiple myeloma who were admitted to Taleghani Hospital affiliated with Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences in Tehran from January 2010 to August 2016 and were followed up until February 2022. Four cure models were applied to the data and it determined the cure fraction in the Inverse Gaussian model is higher than in other models, so prognostic factors affecting the survival of patients were examined using this model.

The mean age at diagnosis was 53.07 (SD =6.4). The 5-year survival rate for MM patients was 74%, and the long-term survival rate for patients in this study was 54.7%. Using the Inverse Gaussian model, the cure fraction was estimated at 54.4%

This study applies cure models to find prognostic factors based on pre-transplant CBC test on the survival time of MM patients who have been treated with auto-HSCT, so the number of platelets pre-transplantation and the patient's age are effective predictors for overall survival.

Blood cancer is a type of cancer that affects the blood cells derived from the bone marrow. Leukemia, lymphoma, and myeloma are the most common subtypes. Usually, bone marrow transplantation (BMT) is performed alongside curative treatments, such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy to transfuse healthy hematopoietic stem cells into a person after their own unhealthy bone marrow has been treated to kill invasive cells.

The aim of this study was to compare the percentage of remission (cure rate) between different types of blood cancer.

In this retrospective cohort study, 458 patients who received BMT between 2007 and 2014 were analyzed. Patients were followed up until 2017 to determine whether they were still alive or had relapsed. The defective Marshall-Olkin Extended Weibull model was used with death being the event of interest.

The study included 34 cases of acute lymphoblastic leukemia, 155 cases of multiple myeloma, 59 cases of acute myeloid leukemia, 156 cases of Hodgkins lymphoma, and 54 cases of non -Hodgkin 's lymphoma. The cure rate was highest in patients with Hodgkin 's lymphoma and multiple myeloma, while it was lowest in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. in addition, age had an inverse effect on the cure rate for blood cancer (P=0.003), and relapse after BMT had a negative effect on the cure rate (P=0.003). In addition, relapse before transplantation had no effect, and body mass index was found to influence cure rate. A sensitivity analysis showed that the estimated cure rates increased slightly with decreasing cohort length.

Multiple myeloma and Hodgkin 's lymphoma had the highest cure rate, while acute lymphoblastic leukemia is barely curable. Obesity may increase the potential for cure and the experience of recurrence after BMT is associated with a lower cure rate.

Many cancer patients suffer from irreparable complications under the influence of oxidative stress. The administration of effective supplements to control and inhibit the action of oxidative radicals has recently attracted the attention of doctors and researchers. In particular, zinc supplementation is one of the minerals most relevant to the human health because of its antioxidant properties. Zinc acts as a cofactor for important enzymes involved in the proper functioning of the antioxidant defense system. In addition, zinc protects cells from oxidative damage. By conducting the present study, the effect of zinc dietary supplements in improving the treatment process of multiple myeloma (MM) patients who underwent autologous bone - marrow transplantation was investigated in terms of oxidative radical changes.

This study was a double - blind, placebo - controlled clinical trial. The study participants were randomly divided into two groups of 20, zinc gluconate (Zn) and placebo. On days 0, +15, and +30 after transplantation, patients received three 30 mg zinc gluconate tablets or placebo daily. The serum levels of zinc and copper of the patients were measured before the intervention and on day 30 after transplantation. The change in NADPH oxidase 2 (Nox2) gene expression was measured by real - time PCR method. The activity of nitrite (Nitric Oxide) and malondialdehyde (Malondialdehyde) metabolites were measured with Thiobarbituric acid and Griess methods, respectively. Analysis of the findings and graphs were done using SPSS Version 27 software. Mann - Whitney test was used to measure the difference in the number of biochemical variables between the intervention group and the placebo group, since thedata was not distributed normally. GraphPad Prism 8 software and one-way ANOVA and unpaired t-test were used to measure the difference in gene expression changes.

During the nutritional questionnaire, it was observed that the placebo group had more zinc, and the estimated difference between the two groups was determined to be 1.236. The expression of NOX2 gene showed a significant decrease (P-value < 0.05) compared to the control group after 30 days. The MDA values and Griess test findings did not change significantly after zinc supplementation, but a decrease was seen in the zinc group compared to the placebo group (P-value > 0.05).

It seems that zinc supplementation is effective for controlling oxidative stress and inflammation.

As a malignant proliferative disorder, multiple myeloma (MM) is classified as a cancer of the immune system. Generally, a complete blood count (CBC) is the first test for a patient with symptoms of MM. Through CBC, physicians can monitor abnormalities in the blood. To normalize malignancies in their blood, patients must first go through conventional chemotherapy. Afterward, if eligible, subjects would receive high-dose therapy and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Primarily, patients would be subjected to autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (auto-HSCT).

This retrospective cohort study consisted of 56 MM patients who were diagnosed between January 2010 and August 2016 and were followed up until February 2022. Thesurvival rate of MM patients was assessed based on CBC test at the time of diagnosis. The clinical conditions, i.e., Thrombocytopenia, Leukopenia, and Anemia, were extracted from the CBC test and were used as the desired prognostic factors in companion with age at diagnosis. Overall survival based on the mentioned factors was analyzed using the defective Marshall-Olkin gompertz cure model, which was programmed in R software version 4.0.3.

The mean age at diagnosis was 52.76 (SD = 7.1). The probability of long-term survival for patients in this study was 46%, with five-year overall survival equaling 73.2%. Patients with thrombocytopenia had about 86% lower odds of long-term survival compared with patients with normal Platelet levels (Plt).

The present study indicates that deficiency in Plt count is a significant factor leading to poor survival of MM patients.