f. soltani

The presence of genetic diversity leads to better adaptation of plants to different environments and enables researchers to select superior genotypes adapted to given culture conditions. In order to estimate the genetic diversity of eggplant, 22 accessions were obtained from the INRAe vegetable germplasm center and the National Plant Gene Bank of Iran and were planted in horticultural science station of University of Tehran, Karaj, in a randomized complete block design with three replicates. The number of flowers per plant and number of fruits per plant were higher in the MM00007 and FLT02 accessions, respectively. The maximum leaf area (190 cm2 plant-1) was recorded for MM 01597. Accessions FLT46, MM 0064, MM 00108 bis MM 01597 and MM 01010 revealed high variations in root characters. Higher number of root tips and maximum number of roots were assigned for FLT46, and average root orientation and steep root angle frequency for MM 01597 and MM 01010. The correlation of root angles frequency and root number could possibly be exploited in selection programs as factors indirectly involved in increasing yield and the number of flowers per plant. Based on all evaluated traits, genotypes FLT10, MM 01597, MM 01010, FLT46, and FLTE9012 could be used as parents for future eggplant breeding programs due to their desirable agricultural traits.

Sineqan mine, 25 km away from Delijan city (Markazi province), has shown important evidences of iron oxide ores containing copper, gold and rare earth elements (REE) in the early stages of exploration. In the present study, a low-grade sample of the mine from the albite zone containing 0.69% of copper and 223, 186 and 55 g/t of cerium, lanthanum and neodymium was processed and compared with the results of elements correlation in geochemical samples. Cerium, neodymium and lanthanum showed the highest correlation with each other and with the thorium. The correlation coefficient of light REEs with phosphorus was negative. The results of ammonium sulfate leaching showed that the occurrence of REE in the sample is not as adsorption on clay minerals and the study of the correlation coefficient of REE with aluminum and sodium in geochemical samples also confirmed this result. The results of leaching with H2SO4 showed that selective leaching of copper is possible. The low efficiency of leaching with H2SO4, HCl and HNO3 and the higher efficiency of 96% for leaching with cerium and lanthanum under acidic baking conditions showed that a significant part of REEs is in the form of refractory minerals. The concentration ratio of REEs in the magnetic concentrate was close to iron. According to the correlation analysis of elements in geochemical samples, the correlation of calcium with REE was in the range of -0.2to-0.3. In the flotation test, although the grade of calcium increased 3.5 times in the flotation concentrate, this was not the case for REEs. The results of this research can be used in similar cases in the early stages of exploration and processing feasibility studies.

Layered stylistics, which focuses on the analysis and study of literary texts on the basis of new approach, is considered as the foundation of linguistics. The high-frequency features of the works are recognized via each of the sub-layers of this style. Sherveh is a type of public poetry in south of Iran that became popular and developed during the period of literary return. The stylistics of literary genres that emerge in particular spatial, cultural, and geographical contexts can help to identify literary genres and the richness of literary history accurately.

This study examines the phonetic and rhetorical layers of southern Sherveh through descriptive and qualitative analysis. The statistical population of the study including Mahya, Fayez, Baqer Lari's Sherveh and the books concerned with Sherveh khani in south of Iran by Ali Babachahi, Dashti and Dashtestan by Abdolmajid Zangooyee, local songs of Fars by Sadeq Homayooni and folk literature of Bushehr is written by Abdullah Rezaei. Data were collected in the way of documents and libraries.

Shervehha, which are the most vital lyric types of public poetry in the south of Iran, has used other linguistic possibilities and literary techniques to literalize their text considering their meter, exclusive format, content, connection with music and short structure as a literary genre. This genre has always been composed in framework of a couplet that is a reminiscence of the original Persian rhyme their phonetic structure is powerful to great extent.

The examination and analysis of Sherveh in terms of layered stylistics in both phonetic and rhetorical sub-layers demonstrate that in these poems, other free and regular musical repetitions, word proportion, creative and literal, spiritual and imaginary elements to strengthen phonetic and rhetorical levels with high frequency has been used. These techniques are valuable linguistic possibilities that are naturally has been applied in highlighting the language of any type of poetry.

Introducing new melon types able to endure cold storage and cold transportation is among the major goals of breeders. Therefore, providing a better understanding of the fruit physiological traits and postharvest associated genes expression can help to select the superior type for cold storage condition. This experiment was carried out to investigate the postharvest behavior of various melon lines and their F1 breeds based on fruit characteristics and their relation to the expression of CMe-ACS1, CM-ETR1 and CM-ETR2 genes during cold storage. For this purpose, six melon inbred lines were cross-pollinated to form a full diallel F1 population. Thus, the studied population constituted 6 parental lines, 15 direct hybrids, and 15 reciprocal F1 hybrids. After fruits harvest and during one month of storage, fruits firmness loss, color changes, and weight loss were evaluated. A significant positive correlation coefficient was found between CMe-ACS1 gene expression and ACC content with two distinct clusters based on this relation. Gene expression profiles referred to the presence of gradual and continuous senescence behaviors in the studied types, which was reflected in their physiological postharvest performance. G1 cluster types expressed the studied receptor genes at lower rates compared to the other groups. The G1 corresponded with P3 and P4 groups that were characterized by low physiological changes and thus better postharvest performance during cold storage. This result highlights the importance of Persian inodorus melons, generally, and the line ‘Khatouni’, specifically, in melon breeding programs for postharvest purposes.

In this study, genetic diversity among watermelon accessions was studied by analyzing morphological and physiological traits using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD). Thirty-seven morphological and physiological traits showed significant variation among the accessions. Some watermelon accessions showed typical attributes of seed characters and fruit flesh and skin color. Principle component analysis allocated the high variance percentage for fruit and seed characters. Cluster analysis of morphological and physiological characters separated Citrullus colocynthis in one independent cluster clearly. The 18 RAPD markers represented 126 polymorphic bands of 154 total bands. Cluster analysis using RAPD markers at similarity 0.54 also clarified colocynth genotypes in one separated group. Three main clusters distinguished for other accessions that were classified mainly by fruit shape and flesh color, then, by fruit skin color. The most similarity (1) was observed among three accessions in the same cluster, contrary to the different collecting areas, which may indicate that accessions were distributed in different areas from the same genetic sources. The Genetic Similarity coefficients (GS) among evaluated accessions ranged from 0.45 to 1.00, indicating that they had relatively high genetic diversity. Altogether, the high variation, especially for phenotypic traits, of watermelon accessions in Iran could be considered as a good resource for selection and breeding program.

In this study, the seismic performance of a 20-storey steel structure with a mat foundation located on layered soil is investigated under an array of strong ground excitations, which includes 6 far-fault and 6 near-fault earthquakes. Eight different modes for soil layering have been considered in the numerical simulation. FLAC 2D nonlinear platform has been used to model the near-realistic behavior. To this end, hundred lines of codes and sub-routines have been developed in this platform to perform the analysis. The results of the analyzes include the absolute displacement of the floors, the ratio of the relative displacement of the floors, the shear force, the axial force, and the bending moment of the columns. It was concluded that for a 20-story structure on a mat foundation under both far-field and near-field earthquakes, the most reliable type of soil is the dense sandy soil and the most critical case is the soft clay soil. It was also observed that the near-field strong ground motions have imposed more critical structural responses compared to far-field records.

One of the challenges in the rare earth elements (REE) production industry is the difficulty of separating them from each other. Therefore, in the present study, the possibility of cerium separation from carbonate concentrate of REEs containing 22.75% Ce, 9.4% La and 8.6% Nd (total REEs of 41.51%) was investigated. Two methods were used to separate Ce from other REEs. In the first method, due to the very low solubility of Ce4+, the calcination of carbonate concentrate and conversion of cerium carbonate to cerium oxide and selective dissolution of other REEs from the calcine were investigated. In the second method, prior to the carbonate precipitation of REEs, the possibility of cerium oxidation in the sulfate solution (by using potassium permanganate) and its subsequent selective separation from other REEs was investigated. Results of the calcination (first method) showed that only 35 and 45% of La and Nd were dissolved at 80⁰C after 2 hours leaching with 1 molar nitric acid, respectively. Results of the calcine leaching with 4 molar nitric acid at 80⁰C for 2 hours showed that more than 90% of the La and Nd were dissolved. In this conditions, 35% of the Ce was also dissolved and the leaching process was not selective. In the second method, using potassium permanganate with a stoichiometric ratio of 1.5 to 1 for oxidant to Ce, pH 3.5 for 1 hour, 98% of the Ce and less than 1% of La and Nd were precipitated. The resulting hydroxide was calcined at 850⁰C for 1 h to produce CeO2 and finally a Ce oxide concentrate was obtained with 99% purity.

Improving postharvest and cold storage related indices is one of the main purposes of melon breeding programs. With regards to the growing global market, it is important to introduce new melon types with prolonged storability. In this experiment, six melon inbred lines were used to establish a full diallel F1 population. Harvested fruit was stored and the main postharvest indices were monitored during the storage period. The results showed that some indices were controlled by additive gene effects such as mesocarp firmness and Soluble Solids (SS). Mesocarp firmness analysis proposed that this index was controlled by additive and non-additive gene effects. General Combining Ability (GCA) analysis showed that “Khatouni” inbred line could be considered as a promising parent in breeding programs to produce melon hybrids with more appealing firmness, fewer cold storage losses, and a longer postharvest life.

Today as the technology of dental product fabrication progress the demand for maximum esthetic of restoration increase، is sided of knowledge and usage of new ceramic in dental lab selection of proper type and color of cement and their effect on definition color of restoration is mandatory and error in this regard increase treatment cost. Thus the aims of this study were to evaluate the influence of resin cement and different thickness in zirkonzahn ceramic on the final color of the zirkonzahn ceramic crown by spectrophotometer.

In this invitro study ZirconzahnA2 disks were prepared with dimension 5mm diameter and      1.2 mm thickness Panavia F2 and zincphosphate cements was use as luting agent on the composite (Denfil A2) substructure. Ceramic zirkonzahn (0.3، 0.5، 0.7) mm was apply on the zirkonzahn core and the color changes in comparison to control group evaluate by easy shade II spectrophotometer. Data were analyzed with SPSS17, T-tests, and ANOVA statistical tests.

Shade of the cement had significant effected on the color of zirconzahn ceramic (P value=0.001).Various thickness of zirkonzahn ceramic have different color changes result on restorations (P-value=0.068).  

Cement used in a ceramic restoration (zirkonzahn) can affect the final color it in such a way that, in the absence of proper cement selection and inadequate thickness of the core, it is unacceptable in terms of color match and aesthetic restorations turn.