fariba jafari roshan

Somatic symptom disorder is a culturally dependent form of disorder, and culturally appropriate tools are necessary for its assessment, diagnosis, and treatment. Although various studies emphasize the influence of culture on the factors and fields effective in the formation of somatic symptoms disorder, However, few studies have developed a suitable test to evaluate the factors and fields of Somatic symptom disorder in iranian culture.

The present study was conducted with the aim of development and validating the questionnaire of the Antecedents of somatic symptom disorder (causal and contextual) in the Iranian society.

In terms of purpose, the present research is fundamental-applicative, in terms of gathering information, it is survey-questionnaire, and in terms of methodology, it is considered among test-making studies, which was carried out in the form of a correlational research project. The statistical population of the research included all people over 18 years of age in Tehran in 2023. The statistical sample size was 915 adults who were selected by available sampling method. To collect data, a researcher-made questionnaire on the antecedents of somatic symptom disorder, which was derived from a qualitative research, was used. Data analysis was done using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis of the first and second type to check the construct validity and principal component analysis method using SPSS-24 and AMOS-24 software.

The findings of this research showed that the questionnaire of the antecedents of somatic symptom disorder in iranian society has favorable psychometric characteristics. The results of factor analysis showed that this questionnaire has 4 subscales of dictatorial parenting, dysfunctional couple relations, emotional and cognitive characteristics of childhood. Using Cronbach's alpha, the values of the internal consistency coefficient were found to be 0.922 for dictatorial parenting, 0.929 for dysfunctional couple relationships, 0.842 for the child's feelings, and 0.846 for the child's thoughts.

According to the obtained results, it is suggested that specialists in medical centers use the questionnaire of the antecedents of somatic symptom disorder to evaluate, diagnose and prepare a treatment plan for somatic symptom disorder in iranian society.

This study aimed to examining the effective factors in the formation of somatic symptoms disorder in people with complex post-traumatic stress disorder.

The approach studied in this research was qualitative and based on grounded theory. A number of 15 people with somatic symptom disorder and complex post trumatic Stress Disorder in the age of 18-60 years old in Tehran city, who were willing to interview and cooperate, were selected by the purposeful sampling method until reaching theoretical saturation. These people were investigated using a semi-structured and in-depth interview. Data analysis was done according to the method of Strauss and Corbin (2014) and using MAXQDA software.

Based on the findings of the research, open codes around 89 concepts, axial codes including 8 concepts and selective codes in 4 concepts including causal factors (destructive family interactions), contexual factors (child's emotional-cognitive characteristics), Intervening factors (passive parenting-idealistic parenting) and strategies (child's behavioral-cognitive strategies) were idendified.

Children's cognitive, emotional and behavioral strategies in response to childhood truma (destructive family interactions and destructive parenting) are effective in the formation and continuation of somatic symptoms disorder. Therefore, for the prevention of somatic symptom disorder in children, it is possible to improve the destructive family interactions, and in the treatment of adults with somatic symptom disorder, it can be used from effective strategies of regulating one's emotions, thoughts and change in one's interactions.

The 11th edition of the WHO International Classification of Diseases (ICD11) has defined Complex Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (CPTSD) as a new and different condition from Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). This article studied published research findings from 1992 to 2023 related to causative factors,  symptoms, assessment tools, differential diagnosis, and treatment of  CPTSD from Google Scholar, Science Direct, and Pubmed with a narrative reviewing method. Its methodology is based on the collection, classification, and summarizing of the findings of scientific articles. For this purpose, the keywords of trauma, CPTSD, and PTSD were used. 86 articles were selected in the initial search, and 39 articles related to childhood trauma and CPTSD and the difference between PTSD and CPTSD  were selected. The results showed that CPTSD  is a separate disorder from PTSD, whose symptoms and diagnostic tools are different from PTSD. The combination of insecure attachment and emotional dysregulation are the underlying factors in the development of CPTSD as a result of childhood trauma. due to the newness of this disorder, little research about its treatment has been done and more studies are needed.

Studies shows that women who have been unfaithful to their husbands suffer from symptoms of depression and rumination, research has also shown the efficacy of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) on depressive symptoms and rumination. therefore according to the research background, there was a research gap in the field of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) on rumination and depressive symptoms in women after infidelity.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) on women who experienced symptoms of depression and rumination.

The method of the present study was quasi-experimental with a pretest-posttest design and follow-up with a control group in women affected by infidelity. The population of this study was 73 women affected by infidelity in the eastern suburbs of Tehran who referred to the resuscitation group therapy center of the heart and answered the Nolan Hoxma (2003) Ruminant Ruminant Questionnaire and the Beck Depression Inventory (1996). Out of 73 participants, 30 participants were selected in two groups of 15 people (control and experimental) who met the criteria for entering the study and were randomly divided into two groups. The experimental group received 8 sessions of 90-minute Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT). Finally, after the post-test, the results were analyzed by repeated measures analysis of variance.

Findings showed that after the end of follow-up, the results of the experimental group in both depression and rumination variables were significantly different in post-test and follow-up test, but this difference was not observed between the control group in three stages (P> 0.05).

Considering that acceptance and commitment therapy is effective in reducing rumination and depressive symptoms such as unpleasant and repetitive thoughts, inefficiency of current behavior as well as accepting the problem and creating a gap between current thoughts and practice in women affected by infidelity, it can be He did it on more examples and in a society with a different culture.

In last years, various non-pharmacological treatments have been developed for the treatment of adulthood attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) syndrome. Most of these non-pharmacological treatments have targeted common areas of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, such as educational problems, work, interpersonal relationships, and executive functions. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral group therapy in improvement the main symptom of attention deficit disorder / ADHD and depression and anxiety, self-esteem with it in students. For this purpose, in a quasi-experimental, pre-test, post-test and control group, 30 students (12 female, 18 male) with hyperactivity diagnosis were selected by the method of targeted sampling and divided into two groups: experimental and control group (Each group was 15 subject). Subjects were tested for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, attention deficit disorder, anxiety, depression, and self-esteem before and after intervention and one month after the end of the sessions. The experimental group received a cognitive-behavioral intervention for 8 sessions of 90 minutes (2 sessions per week). The results of mixed multivariate analysis of variance (intragroup-intergroup analysis) showed that cognitive-behavioral group therapy is effective to improve the attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder syndrome, increasing self-esteem and decreasing depression and anxiety of students with hyperactivity disorder.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of positive group psychotherapy on resiliency, happiness and general health in Women with substance dependent spouse. The research design was quasi-experimental with pre-test, post-test and one-month follow-up with the control group. The sample was comprised of women whom their spouse were referred to addiction clinic. Twenty-four women were selected and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. Both groups were assessed by Davidson Resilience Scale, Peterson happiness directions questionnaires and General Health Questionnaire (GHQ). Positive group psychotherapy was conducted on the experimental group for 14 sessions, each session lasting 90-minutes. The data was analyzed with ANCOVA. The findings indicated that the mean scores of post-test in the experimental groups on resilience, happiness, and public health, was significantly higher than the mean scores of post-test in control group. Benferroni test was indicating the stable effect of therapy. According to the findings, it can be said that group positive psychotherapy was effective in promoting resiliency, happiness, and general health of women with the dependent drug spouses.