فهرست مطالب fatemeh javanmard

Excessive consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages among elementary school students is increasing. This is related to adverse health consequences, in particular the occurrence of chronic diseases in adulthood. Understanding the predictors of reducing the intention to consume these drinks makes it possible to design more effective interventions. The present study was conducted with the purpose of determining the factors affecting the intention to consume sugar-sweetened beverages in primary school students using the theory of planned behavior.

This cross-sectional-analytical study was conducted on 300 elementary school students in Arak city. Students were selected by cluster sampling. The number of consumed glasses of sugar-sweetened beverages per day by students and their mothers as well as the structures of the theory of planned behavior were assessed using the researcher-made questionnaire to determine the most effective predictors of the intention to reduce the consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages in students. The results were analyzed by linear regression test. Ethical considerations were observed in all stages of the study.

The mean age of the students was 11.14±1.26 years and their consumption of sugar-sweetened was 3.86±2.59 glasses per day. Perceived behavioral control (p < 0.001, β = 0.55) and subjective norms (p < 0.001, β = 0.25) were predictors of intention to reduce the consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages. These variables were able to predict 49% of the variance of the intention to reduce the consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages.

The results of this study showed that the perceived behavioral control constructs and subjective norms from the theory of planned behavior significantly explained the intention to reduce the consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages in students. It is recommended to design educational interventions to reduce the consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages among students based on this theory.

Sperm freezing is an important procedure in assisted reproductive technology. Freezing results in physical and chemical changes in the sperm. Ceratonia siliqua L (C.siliqua) is a tree that has antioxidant properties.

This study aimed to investigate the effect of different concentrations of C.siliqua in a freezing medium on semen parameters, and some biochemical parameters in asthenozoospermic specimens.

40 asthenozoospermic specimens (semen specimens with motility < 32%) were obtained from men aged between 20-40 yr according to the World Health Organization criteria. Each sample was divided into 6 groups: I) fresh, II) control, III) 5, IV) 10, V) 20, and VI) 30 µg/ml C.siliqua extract were added to a freezing medium respectively. Then sperm parameters, malondialdehyde, total antioxidant capacity, reactive oxygen species, and sperm DNA assay were evaluated using related protocols after thawing.

Data analysis shows that sperm parameter, and total antioxidant capacity level increased at a concentration of 20 µg/ml of C. siliqua extract compared to the other concentrations of C.siliqua extract after cryopreservation and thawing (p < 0.001). Also, the sperm DNA fragmentation assay, reactive oxygen species, and malondialdehyde levels were significantly reduced by adding 20 µg/ml of C. siliqua extract to the sperm freezing medium compared to the other treated groups after cryopreservation (p < 0.001).

C.siliqua extract significantly improved sperm parameters after cryopreservation and thawing in asthenozoospermic specimens, and the greatest impact was observed at the 20 µg/ml C.siliqua L extract concentration (p < 0.001).

Consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages among elementary students is increasing daily. Therefore, this study aims to determine the effectiveness of an educational program based on the theory of planned behavior on the consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages among elementary students.

This educational trial study was performed on 155 elementary students (75 in the experimental group and 80 in the control group). Data were collected through a researcher-made questionnaire based on the theory of planned behavior. Then, the educational campaign including games, roleplay, exhibition of healthy drinks, the Painting Competition with parents and teachers, and also a parent's training session for the experimental group was carried out for a month. Routine training program has been implemented for the control group.

The mean age of students participating in this study was 10.73±0.93 years their consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages was 3.87±2.59 glasses per day. Three months after the educational intervention, students and their mothers in both experimental and control groups consumed significantly less sugar-sweetened beverages than before the intervention, but this reduction in consumption in the experimental group was significantly greater than Was the control group after the intervention (p<0.001). In the experimental group, the mean score of attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control and the intention to reduce the consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages increased significantly (p<0.001), but no significant difference was observed in the control group.  

According to the results of this study, designing and implementing an educational campaign based on the theory of planned behavior in schools can reduce the consumption of sweetened beverages in students and their mothers.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the level of attention paid to the components of educational law in social studies textbooks of the second grade of elementary school. The research method was quantitative content analysis and the unit of analysis was text, exercise and image. In this study, the components of educational rights include the right of access to education, the component of the right to access quality education and the component of respect for human rights.

The statistical population is the social studies textbooks of the second grade of elementary school and the sample size was considered equal to the statistical population. Descriptive statistics index was used to analyze the data. The findings indicated that the components of children's educational rights have been considered 42 times in the fourth grade social studies textbook, in the fifth grade 38 times and in the sixth grade 37 times. In the social studies textbook of the fourth grade, the most important component was the "right to quality education" with twenty-five times of repetition. In the fifth grade social studies textbook, the most important component was the "respect for human rights in education" component with twenty-six times of repetition. In the sixth grade social studies textbook, the most important component was the "respect for human rights in education" component with twenty-five times of repetition. Exploratory factor analysis, and the one-sample t-test), as well as SPSS and LISREL software were utilized.

 The results demonstrated that the school elements in creating social capital in students consisted of teachers (0.51), education (0.53), the curriculum (0.58), school principals (0.40), educational staff, and the school environment (0.51). In addition, the constituents of the students’ social capital included cognitive, communicational, and structural capitals. In this article extracted from the mentioned research, the ‘curriculum’ was addressed as the most influential factor, among school elements, in creating social capital in students.

Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a condition associated with chronic anovulation, insulin resistance and androgen excess. Women with this syndrome are at increased risk of metabolic syndrome. The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MBS) in women with PCOS referred to Arash Hospital in different ages and body mass index (BMI). A cross-sectional study was conducted in Gynecologic Clinic at Arash Hospital affiliated with Tehran University. A total of 282 women with PCOS ages between 15-40 years were included. The prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome and its components in this population were the main outcomes. Height, weight, waist circumference, blood pressure and laboratory tests (FBS, TSH, HDL-C, serum prolactin, triglycerides and total cholesterol) were measured in this population. The prevalence of MBS in PCOS women was 22.7% (64 cases). The rate of central obesity, FBS more than 110 mg/dl, triglycerides more than 150 mg/dl, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels (HDL-C) less than 50 mg/dl, and blood pressure? 130/85 mmHg in PCOS women was 31% (87), 3.2% (9), 33% (93), 68.8% (194), and 10.6% (30), respectively. The risk of MBS was increased in older and the obese women (BMI? 30 kg/m2). The present sample showed women with PCOS have a high prevalence of MBS and its individual components, particularly decreased HDL-C.