ghazaleh rafiee

Using the components and indicators of urban resilience as an approach that helps cities to maintain or quickly return to optimal functions in the face of a crisis, can reduce the damage caused by the spread of pandemic diseases in cities and preserve the functions of different aspects of urban life. For this purpose, the aim of this research is to know the dimensions, components and indicators that are effective on urban pandemic resilience based on the approach of systematic review of past researches.

The systematic review method includes the stages of definition, search, selection and analysis. The process of searching for sources related to the research took place in January 2023. The initial search led to the identification of 768 sources. Among these, 89 sources matched the research topic, and finally 51 articles were selected for the final analysis.

The findings of the research indicate that the research in the field of resilience against pandemic crises has started after the emergence of the Covid-19 disease, and most of the articles in this field have been published since 2021 and after that, and more than 80% of the studies are done in Asian countries and the European Union. Meanwhile, the countries of China, Iran and the United States have respectively allocated the highest number of studies. In total, 57 components and 151 effective indicators were identified in the field of urban pandemic resilience. The classification of the components extracted from the sources in nine dimensions of intelligence, infrastructural, physical-structural, socio-cultural, economic, institutional, managerial, environmental and the competence and competence of the communities is proposed.

Based on the results of the content analysis, it was found that the infrastructure and intelligence dimensions are among the most important areas for improving urban pandemic resilience.

Background and Nowadays, Public green spaces in urban areas are the only shelters that soften life of urbanites and reduce the problems of machinism age. Urban parks through their diverse functions such as ecological, social, cultural, economic and psychological functions have important role in improving the quality of citizen's life. One of the factors that affect function and efficiency of urban parks are process of palnning and quality of designing. On this basis, main purpose of this study is pathology of planning and designing of urban parks.
the case study is Eram Park in Sabzevar. The methodology used in this study is a descriptive –analytical method. The sources of date gathering are including documentary method in theoretical foundations and related literature and also the data obtained from survey studies (observation and photography of study area).
Findings indicated that in designing of Eram Park various aspects such as designing of entrances, readability and identification, pattern of planting, parking spaces, usage of materials for pavement, attention to features and needs of specific social groups, such as women, children and the disabled, and the need for social monitoring of park space have not been taken into account.
Finally, it was proposed to pay more attention to the qualitative and quantitative criteria in planning, specially in designing of public green spaces and urban parks.

Maternal testosterone has been indicated to affect sex ratio of offspring. The present study was conducted to elucidate the role of androgen receptor in this regard by blockade of androgen receptor using flutamide in female mice. Mice were randomly assigned to two experimental groups. Mice in the control (n = 20) and treatment (n = 20) groups received 8 IU equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) followed by human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) injection (8 IU) 47 hr later. In addition, mice in the control and treatment groups received four injections of ethanol-saline vehicle and flutamide solution (2.50 mg), respectively, started from 1 hr before eCG injection until hCG injection at 12-hr intervals. Conception rate was not different between the treatment (18/20: 90.00%) and control (19/20: 95.00%) groups (p > 0.05). Litter size was higher in the treatment (8.22 ± 0.26) than control (7.21 ± 0.28) group (p