hadis bordbar

When challenges such as the Corona pandemic arise, metropolitan areas face serious management problems due to the lack of a system of citizen participation based on strong governance and the presence of multiple stakeholders. The solution to such problems requires the transfer of responsibility for the management of urban affairs to the group of actors that make up the bulk of urban governance. The aim of the present research is to use the futurological approach to explain the meaning of urban governance in the post-corona era, to identify the main components of urban governance, to determine the key factors influencing the future of urban governance in the post-corona era, to formulate a golden scenario, the continuation of the existing or static trend and a weak scenario by considering important elements and It is effective and to choose the optimal scenario for urban governance in the post-corona era in the metropolis of Tabriz.

The current research is developmentally relevant in terms of the purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of nature. Two methods were used to obtain information: Library and fieldwork. The statistical population of the study is 32 experts from academic departments and the city administration, selected through purposive sampling. Micmac, Scenario Wizard and SPSS software were used for data analysis.

19 factors have an impact on urban governance in the post-corona era. Among these factors, 8 key factors (responsibility and accountability, justice orientation, transparency, awareness, citizen participation, legality, decentralization and continuous education of citizens) were identified for urban governance in the post-corona era in Tabriz metropolis. With the help of Scenario Wizard software, strong, weak and highly compatible or credible scenarios were extracted.

Among the scenarios mentioned, the scenario with high compatibility or credibility, as it lies between the other two scenarios, was examined using inductive analysis. Three possible scenarios (golden, continuation of the existing or static trend and disaster) were written for the future of urban governance in the post-Corona era in metropolis of Tabriz, and finally, according to experts, the golden scenario is the optimal scenario for research.

In the past, architecture and urban planning always interacted with their surrounding environment, while today, on the one hand, due to the increase in population and excessive growth of cities, and on the other hand, due to the application of market taste and profit-seeking of individuals, the field of this interaction is separated. Cities with heterogeneous faces and disproportionate to the surrounding environment have been created. In such a situation, the complex economic and technical developments after the Industrial Revolution and the production of new architectural methods caused a rapid increase in population, a lack of housing, and an increasing need for the spatial development of cities. The necessity of vertical development and the construction of tall buildings became more important, and the policy of mass housing production in the form of residential complexes was proposed. Tabriz experiences a high population and urbanization rate due to the centrality of East Azarbaijan province and the accumulation of a wide range of facilities and services. In such a situation, land stock exchange and rent-seeking, failure of the planning system, economic duality, and growth poles have resulted in a lack of land and increased land prices. Continuing such issues and replacing multi-family houses, such as residential complexes, with different typologies instead of single-family houses has led to neglecting the background and underlying values in the construction process of different residential complexes. In this situation, the city grew gradually and haphazardly, resulting in a diverse and disconnected population without a clear identity.According to the above, the possibility that different residential complexes have different effects on contextual dimensions has been proposed as a research hypothesis. Also, the present research seeks to answer the following main question:- What is the impact of different types of residential complexes on each of the dimensions of contextualism?The present study aims to analyze the effect of residential complexes classification on context orientation in Tabriz, and tries to identify residential complexes that have a more favorable situation in terms of context orientation and also identify the most critical dimensions and components affecting it and provide solutions to create a desirable living environment.

The current research is applied in terms of purpose and in terms of nature and method, it is analytical and field in a mixed way. The statistical population of the research is the residents of Fateh residential complexes (peripheral type; Region 2), Pardis (linear type; Region 1), Fajr (scattered type; Region 3), Chamran (peripheral type; Region 4), Golpark (linear type; Region 1)., Sattarkhan (dispersed species; Region 4), Zomorod (concentrated species; Region 3), Irdak (superblock species; Region 1), Tavus (superblock species; Region 4), and Sepidar (concentrated species; Region 3) of Tabriz with a number of 13,873 is a person, which due to the large size of the population, the sample size was estimated to be 374 people based on Cochran's formula and considering the confidence level of 95% and the acceptable error of 5%. Among these, due to the low participation rate of residents of residential complexes and the large number of questions in the questionnaire, the confidence level decreased to 93% and the error rate increased to 7%, thus 150 people (15 people out of every 10 residential complexes) using the sampling method Random-cluster were selected.The face validity method was used to determine the validity of the questionnaire, and Cronbach's alpha method was used to measure the reliability of the questionnaire. And this amount is equal to 0.85, which indicates the good reliability of the variables. In order to check the existence of a significant relationship, mean and regression tests were used in SPSS software, and at the end, the path analysis model was drawn based on the regression coefficients.

The results of the analysis of the averages show that the highest average amount is related to the physical dimension with 3.18%, the obtained result confirms the necessity of comprehensive attention to the physical aspects of the place and realistic analysis and recognition of the design base in terms of physicality. Also, the highest average amount of contextualism among different types of residential complex is related to superblock type. As expected, considering that Irdak and Tavus residential complexes (superblocks) are in a more favorable condition in terms of readability, materials, access, residents' participation, environment, etc.; the degree of adaptation of the complexes to the context has increased and the findings of the research confirm this. On the other hand, the findings of the research show that the lowest average amount of contextualism is related to the scattered type, it should be noted that the point distribution of Fajr and Sattarkhan residential complexes (scattered type) has led to the diminution of the role of the context in the design of the complexes. The findings from the analysis of the path model showed that the impact of environmental species on contextualism was more than other species, which is due to the high coefficients of natural and physical dimensions of contextualism in the mentioned species. Also, in order to adapt more to the background and context, the cultural and historical dimensions of contextualism of the environmental species should be strengthened. Also, the impact of the historical dimension on contextualism is more than other dimensions, in which the importance of the role of the identity component in the historical dimension is more important. The analysis of the results of the regression test indicates that the greatest influence on contextualism is related to the natural dimension with a coefficient of 0.487. In justification of this, it can be said that the natural dimension, by including issues such as adaptation to climatic conditions and respect for nature and the environment, in addition to playing a fundamental role in providing the comfort of the residents' lives, also seeks the sustainability of the built environment and the improvement of the level of harmony with the environment.

The most important results of this research are as follows; when designing residential complexes, in addition to the historical dimension (historical buildings, place identity and collective memories, continuity of urban space, principles of the past and native authenticity), especially the component of place identity, the readability component of the physical dimension, the coordination component of cultural dimension, and the component of respect for the environment of the natural dimension, should also be taken into consideration by architects and urban planners.

Today, ignoring the principles and components of security in the design of residential complexes has led to a decrease in place attachment. The purpose of the current research is to improve the level of place attachment in the residential complexes of Maragheh through the physical components of security. The results of the research show that the condition of the physical components of security and place attachment in the residential complexes of Maragheh has been evaluated from the perspective of the residents as favorable and in an average-to-high condition. Also, there is a linear relationship between the components of security, except for the components of the quality of the living environment and proximity to uses, and place attachment. In terms of effectiveness, territorialization and monitoring components have the greatest impact on place attachment.

Today, the physical factors affecting the formation of social interactions and, consequently, the sense of community in neighborhoods have been ignored. This seems to be due to the sudden acceleration of the growth and development of neighborhoods, which has ultimately led to forgetting the social nature of neighborhoods. This is happening at a time when neighborhoods have previously played a special role in the interactions between urban life and citizens. Therefore, these changes have led to problems such as reduced cooperation and trustworthy social relations, and as a result, the continuation of this has hindered the social development of neighborhoods. The purpose of this study is to compare the effect of objective and subjective dimensions of the neighborhood on the sense of community in the old and new neighborhoods of Tabriz. Sorkhab and Dohchi neighborhoods have been studied as an example of old texture neighborhoods and Yaghchian neighborhoods as a sample of new texture neighborhoods. The present research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in nature. Library and field studies have been used for data collection and sample t-test, Spearman and regression statistical tests have been used for analysis.  The path model shows that the objective dimension has a greater impact on the sense of community. Also, the objective dimension, the body component, and the building area index, and the subjective dimension, the meaning component, and the security index have the greatest impact on the social sense of the mentioned neighborhoods. Therefore, planners and designers must pay attention to the components of the objective dimension (body) and the subjective dimension (meaning) to promote the sense of community in old and new neighborhoods. The innovation of this research is in comparing the components affecting the sense of community in old and new tissues using a quantitative method.

The rapid growth of the city and the consequent increase in urbanization has led to major problems, including the increase of informal settlements in developing countries such as Iran. Accordingly, the type and nature of dealing with the phenomenon of informal housing are the issues that have a special place in urban planning and management. In the past, various approaches to the problem of informal settlements have become commonplace and widely used in different countries. But the ineffectiveness of the plans forced the government to adopt a new approach to enable residents in the late 1980s. In general, considering a multidimensional and more comprehensive enabling approach somewhat covers the previous weaknesses. Also, the use of participatory practices in the empowerment of informal settlements is one of the strategies that are now underlined by urban scholars. The necessity of using the rational indicators in promoting the participation of people in implementing the plans of informal settlement enabling becomes more and more important. The present article attempts to investigate the effect of the scale of rational action (assessment of cost and benefit) on improving the participation of people in implementing various plans for the enabling of informal settlements. The statistical population of the study includes residents of informal settlements of Vakil Abad and Islamabad 2 in Urmia and the sample size covers 150 households. The research method in this study is descriptive-comparative and is based on documentary and questionnaire. Cronbach's alpha, statistical methods, Pearson, and linear regression tests in Spss were used to obtain the necessary data. The research results have been used to gain a better understanding of the location to examine the physical, social and environmental aspects of the location. The results indicate that, by promoting the level of rational action indicators, the level of participation of residents in the implementation of enabling plans increases. Also, the results of the Path model analysis demonstrate that the effectiveness of government recommendations in enabling plans with a score of 0.490 and the effectiveness of enabling plans with a score of 0.445 has the highest effect. The utility index of demolition of residential units and their aggregation with a score of 0.128 and also a timely performance of the projects by the municipality with a score of 0.292 had the least effect on popular participation.

The quality of residence is a very effective factor in the physical and mental health of the inhabitants and improves the satisfaction of life. Since residential satisfaction is part of the area of life satisfaction, it is considered as one of the most important issues in the residential environment, which should be considered when designing residential complexes.

The purpose of this study was to assess analyzing the impact of each aspect of the residence quality on a variety of residential complexes.

The statistical population of the study is residents of Fateh, Pardis, Fajr, Chamran, Golpark, Sattarkhan, Emerald, Irdak, Tavous and Sepidar residential complexes in Tabriz. The sample size is 150 (15 out of 10 residential complexes). The statistical population was randomly selected using Cochran formula. Results and Innovation: The innovation of the present study is to investigate the impact of residential complexes on the quality of residence. The results showed that the impact of dimensions on the quality of residential complexes is as follows: Physical quality> Functional quality> Social quality> Context quality, Also for the quality of residential units is as follows: The external conditions of the residential unit> Residential Unit Facility> Inner conditions of the residential unit> Residential unit cost. As a result the average quality of housing in the complexes is as follows: Irdak>Fateh>Tavous>Fajr>Pardis>Chamran=Golpark>Zomorod>Sepidar>Satarkhan.Therefore, according to the research findings, considering the physical quality of the complexes as well as the external conditions of residential units in order to improve the quality of residential is increasingly important. In the process of research, the average quality of residential units in the men's group is more than women. Also, Ownership status also has a different impact on the quality of a residential unit, as the average quality of residential units is higher for the owner group.

Floods are one of the most devastating natural phenomena that cause many human and financial losses in urban areas every year. Regarding the above problem, the present article attempts to address goal of determining the relationship between each of the variables of place attachment, risk perception and preventive behavior in order to reduce the damage caused by flood. The research method in this study is a descriptive-comparative study and is based on documentary study and questionnaire and performing hierarchical and multivariate regression tests and Pearson test in Spss. In addition, in this research, of field studies have been used to better understand the location of the site and to examine the physical, social and environmental issues. The results of the hierarchical regression test show that place attachment with a standard coefficient of 0/427 has a more significant effect on perception of risk. The results of multivariate regression show that the relationship between place attachment and perception of risk (with a power 1) is greater than the relation between place attachment and Preventive behavior (with a power of 0.97). Pearson correlation test showed that place attachment and risk perception (with a coefficient of 0.427) had the highest correlation. Therefore, to reduce the damage caused by the flood, it is possible to encourage citizens who are more at risk of flood to prepare for risks and conduct preventive behaviors through the positive effect of the place attachment, which is an important factor in increasing the risk perception.