فهرست مطالب hojat rashidi-jahan

It is necessary to have a suitable tool for measuring the tendency to use the Covid-19 vaccine. The aim of this study was to determine the validity and reliability of the tendency to use Covid-19 vaccine questionnaire among health care workers of a hospital in Tehran, Iran. 

This is an instrumentation type of methodological. Fifty-six questions were considered as the items of the questionnaire. For testing the validity, the face validity and content validity were used in correspondence with 10 experts’ opinions. Reliability check was performed through the Cronbach's alpha and test- retest. Finally, the structural validity was evaluated with 474 subjects.

The results showed that the scales of the tendency to use Covid-19 vaccine questionnaire have an appropriate face validity for all items with an impact score higher than 1.5 and an appropriate content validity ratio in the range of 0.70 and a sufficient content validity index in the range of 0.73 to 087. Also, it had an acceptable internal consistency reliability (Cronbach's alpha) in the range of 0.87 to 0.96. Also, the reliability of the test-retest ranged from 0.68 to 0.92. For the structural validity, 8 factors were selected with a factor value higher than 0.4. Also, in the confirmatory section of the factors an acceptable goodness of fit index (GFI) (Range from 0.91 to 0.98) and the root mean square error in the range of 0.33 to 0.49 was achieved. In total, four questions were removed in the content validity ratio review stage and one question was removed in the content validity index review stage.

The results of this study showed that the tendency to use Covid-19 vaccine questionnaire has sufficient validity and reliability and is a suitable tool for evaluating the health staff’s tendency towards vaccination. Ultimately, this questionnaire was approved with 8 factors (perceived sensitivity, perceived severity, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, cues to action, ‌self-efficacy, knowledge and behavior) and 51 questions.

Improving the health literacy in the different   populations regarding COVID-19 may be useful in the control of its prevalence. This study examined the psychometric properties of a newly developed disease-specific measure of health literacy related to COVID-19 to be used as a standard measure. Relevant literature was reviewed to identify an item pool, and an expert panel was convened to choose items that might be included in the scale. Content validity ratio (CVR) and content validity index (CVI) was determined and face validity was examined by calculating the impact score in a group of social media users. The factor structure of the initial scale was examined in 590 Iranian individuals participating in online social networks in September 2020. Internal consistency of the scale was assessed by Cronbach’s alpha and test-retest reliability of responses was measured by Pearson correlation coefficients.  A five-factor solution for the 51-items scale was obtained through exploratory factor analysis. The five main dimensions were understanding, communication, information seeking, analysis, and behavior. The dimensions explained 47% of the variance in scale scores. Participants whose scores fell in the high category (27%) were significantly different compared to those whose scores fell in the low category (27%) on all dimensions (p<0.001). The CVR values for all items were greater than 0.85 and all items also got CVI values higher than 0.79 based on nine-person expert panel.  The Cronbach’s alpha for the overall scale was 0.89, and it was ranged from 0.71 to 0.90. Test-retest reliability for the scale was high (r=0.89).      Health Literacy Scale for protect against COVID-19is a valid and reliable measure for Iranian population.  This measure should be translated, and administered, in other settings to replicate the results obtained here.

COVID-19 has been recognized as one of the important public health issues and affected many regions of the world. Assessment and improving health literacy regarding this pandemic disease may contribute to control its spread. So, the current study designed with an objective to measure health literacy in a sample of general population and identify the likely associated factors.

Using a cross-sectional study a number of 590 Iranian people included in a convenient sample who were users of nationally authorized social virtual networks were assessed.    A demographic questionnaire as well as Health Literacy Scale on Prevention and Control of COVID-19 (51 items) were used to collect data. Student t test and one way analysis of variance using SPSS software version 24 were administered for data analysis.

The mean score of health literacy was 3.49 from 4 with SD=0.28. Measuring health literacy in the sample showed despite a relatively acceptable score in all domains, the score was higher in behavior domain. However, the scores in communication and analysis domains were lower than other dimensions. Also, based on findings factors such as age, gender, education level, academic major, and economic status were associated significantly (p<0.05) with health literacy.

Findings revealed that to improve health literacy of community on prevention of the disease further planning and educational interventions for theoretical domains of communication and analysis may be required. Also it is suggested any measurements or attempts toward health literacy promotion of Iranian population would be considered based on factors such as age, sex, academic major and economic status that may be associated with this concept.

One of the most important problems that may threat military forces health is mental disorders. The present study aimed to assess surveys regarding common mental health disorders in military forces and evaluate its prevalence and extent in Iran as well as entire world.

Using a systematic review design a number of databases in English and Persian language including PubMed, Web of Science and SID were sought from January, 2010 to September, 2020 and two independent researchers evaluated the studies based on inclusion criteria to select proper ones. Related keywords provided by MeSH database were used to find suitable surveys. Finally PRISMA checklist was applied to write systematic review.  

Overall, 265 articles from both English and Persian databases found and after removing duplicated cases and screening, 43 full-text articles were examined in term of inclusion criteria conducive to finally 12 articles for final analysis (8 cases in English and 4 cases in Persian). In general, more than 90% of samples were male and their mean age was 29.8±5.2. Depressive disorder with 13.3% pooled prevalence was the most prevalent mental health problem and disorders such as anxiety and PTSD placed after that. While the most prevalent disorder in studies conducted in other countries was depression (pooled prevalence of 13%), in Iran the most prevalent mental health disorder found to be anxiety with 18.5% pooled prevalence.

Disorders such as depression and anxiety are prevalent mental health problems amid military forces. So applying needed measures to prevent and control such problems especially among active military personnel is necessary. Next studies may target categorizing mental health disorders based on factors such as type of military service, deployment status and military rank.

Adherent to communication skills for those who work in the healthcare field is very important. One of groups who are in direct contact to health consumers are clinic receptionists. The aim of current study was to assess how an education program may improve communication skills in such group of health service providers.    

Using a randomized controlled trial, forty eight clinic receptionists were allocated to intervention and control groups. Data collection tool is consisted of a demographic section along with a communication skills assessment questionnaire. Educational intervention was held over 4 one-hour sessions using different methods such as lecture, questioning, slide and movie demonstration as well as role playing. No intervention was received by control group. Two weeks after intervention, the communication skills were assessed again and the results were analyzed by statistical methods such as Student and paired t test.

Within-group comparisons indicated that at follow up in the intervention group all communication skills’ domains have improved significantly compared to baseline (p<0.05). However, there was no significant difference in term of these skills in control group from baseline to follow up. Despite existing no significant difference in term of communication skills between groups at baseline all communication domains except for “interpretation & clarification” and “encouragement & persuasion” have improved considerably in the intervention group compared to controls.

Short-term educations on communication skills through a confined number of sessions may enhance use of communication skills among clinic receptionists. So, it is suggested that effectiveness of such programs are assessed in other healthcare providers.

The Trans theoretical model (TTM) is developed as a framework for understanding the process of behavior changes. It is known as the most popular approach for promoting exercise behavior. The main objective of this study is to determine the relationship between regular physical activity and TTM components among members of municipality councils in selected districts of Tehran.
This quasi-experimental research with non-equivalent control groups was conducted as a cross-sectional study with 207 members of municipality councils at districts 17 and 20 of Tehran. Data gathering instruments included: demographic; physical activity stage of change; processes of change (researcher-made); self-efficacy, and decisional balance questionnaires. Reliability, and construct validity were evaluated through appropriate statistical procedures. To analyze the data, applied statistical tests such as: chi-square, regression, Pearson correlation coefficient and ANOVA were performed using SPSS 22 software.
The level of physical activity of municipality council’s members were: 43.5%, 12.1%, and 44.4% at low, moderate, and appropriate activity levels, respectively. The results showed that 18.9, 15.9, 10.1, 24.7and 30.4 percent of municipality council’s members were in the pre contemplation, contemplation, preparation, operation and maintenance stages consequently. The stages of change could predict physical activity in the municipality councils (P Although, 43.5% of municipality council’s members did not have any intention of performing physical activities in the next six months, it is important to them to recognize the need for physical activity as the main behavior to increase physical and mental health and to be in the maintenance stage of their physical activity behavior. According to the most important predicting components in this study, educational intervention must be focused on in order to increase the effectiveness of the programs to promote municipality councils’ physical activity.

There are different personality variables such as happiness and self-efficacy that can influence on academic achievement of students. The aim of the study was to investigate relationships among these variables، academic achievement، and some demographics. This was a cross-sectional study performed on 180 students from Baqiyatallah university of Medical Sciences. The sample was selected using systematic random sampling method. A demographic questionnaire along with Oxford Happiness Inventory (OHI) and General Self-efficacy Scale (GSE) were used to collect data from students. Academic achievement was determined by the mean of grade point averages from two last semesters. Analyses were performed using student t-test، one way ANOVA، and Pearson correlation tests. All statistical analyses were executed by SPSS for windows version 20. The mean standard score of happiness was 4. 36 (SD=0. 58) and the mean total score of self-efficacy was 61. 60 (SD=9. 09). The mean of grade point averages of two last semesters was 15. 41 (SD=1. 81). Factors such as marital status، age، academic grades and disciplines as well as academic achievement were related to happiness significantly. Similarly، marital status، age، academic grade and academic achievement were also related to self-efficacy. In addition، positive correlations were found between the main variables of the study، i. e. happiness، self-efficacy and academic achievement. Happiness and self-efficacy were related to various demographic and academic factors. Identifying and modifying these factors can lead to improvement of mental function and health among medical sciences students. Therefore، doing more studies to better understand such factors toward enhancement of education is suggested.

Knowing the factors affecting the academic achievement could lead to improved educational programming and reinforced teaching output. The aim of this study was to evaluate the factors which have influence on academic achievement among students.

This descriptive-analytical study was conducted using a systematic random sampling method among 180 students from various disciplines and levels of one of the universities of medical sciences in Tehran in April، 2012. The index for academic achievement was the mean of Grade Point Average (GPA) during the two past semesters. The instruments for data collection were four questionnaires containing demographic information، satisfaction of educational environment، satisfaction of academic content and also Kolb learning style inventory. Data were analyzed using ANOVA، independent sample T-test، and Pearson correlation statistical tests and by the use of SPSS 20 statistical software.

Some variables، including gender، age، academic disciplines and grades، being interested in academic discipline and learning style showed a significant difference in the participants'' academic achievement index. The mean grade of satisfaction of educational environment was 38. 17±9. 06 and its correlation with academic achievement was -0. 067 (p>0. 05). The mean grade of satisfaction of educational content was 11. 93±3. 11 and its correlation with academic achievement was 0. 006 (p>0. 05). Divergent، compatible، absorbent and convergent learning styles were respectively the dominant learning styles among 138 participants (76. 7%)، 23 participants (12. 8%)، 14 participants (7. 7%) and 5 participants (2. 8%).

Gender، age، academic disciplines and learning style can have determining role in the academic performance of medical sciences students.

Life style is a blend of behavioral and personal habits and encompasses different aspects like nutrition، physical activity، stress، tobacco consumption and sleeping quality which is resulted from socialization process. Regarding performed investigations، people with appropriate lifestyle are healthier، and this issue is more important for military forces which must have a higher level of physical and spiritual wellbeing. With and overview on Quran and Hadiths as two inevitable Islam sources، and also infallibles (A) life and practical tradition it can be understood that if these divine law commands be obeyed and the rules be performed correctly، most of the problems involving the humankind nowadays، would be solved; because Islam tries for health and physical and spiritual excellence and refinement from pollutions، and can help invaluable preventive medicine as a high moral value and an efficient consecutive system in this filed and has an important role in maintaining it. Islam emphasizes on modulating and configuring all aspects of life in performing true lifestyle program. In fact Islam is a religion in which has programs for human before birth to after death، despite the fact it does not interdict the human progresses، while supports and accompanies him or her to the highest degrees of growth which is imagined، and the results of obeying these commands، recommendations and cautions is to keep individuals and society in a balance and physical، spiritual and moral health. The present study aims to evaluate the roles of religious commands on modifying different groups’ lifestyle especially military forces..