ihsan torkashvand

One factor of the promotion of spirituality and morality is the criterion of moral act in the Islamic school of moral thought (voluntary proximity to Allah) required by both the very good act and good intention of the agent. When good intention of the agent, i.e. the sincere intention, is there, the action will be undoubtedly accepted; and it will be rejected, otherwise. If the intention of proximity were impure, the act would be rejected according to the apparent meaning of some traditions such as "I am a good partner". If that were the case, most people would fail to attain perfection happiness and Allah's pleasure left alone in despair, and Islam would be a cause of strait. This is what we mean by the difficulty of good intention of the agent.In their essay and adopting a descriptive-analytic method, the authors have proposed four solutions: 1- "a close look into the concept of partnership"; 2- "dealing with the quality of the act"; 3- "embracing the difficulty but counterbalancing it through divine mercy or the intercession of infallible saints"; and 4- "that the stages of proximity is graded".

Professor Misbāh believes that man's perfection is exemplified in the intrinsic value which conforms to "drawing to Allah". However, since "nearness" has several meanings and none can be the intended meaning, he believes that "nearness" has at least three meanings: temporal-spatial", "existential", and "axiological". The axiological meaning itself is divided into three kinds: "honorific and hypothetical", "assimilative", and "gnostic and monotheistic". Based on the analyses provided by this eminent professor, "nearness" in its axiological meaning corresponds to the gnostic and monotheistic meaning which may account for intrinsic value and man's perfection. According to what is inferred from the verses and traditions, the meaning of man's perfection and also nearness to God as already stated, a gnostic and monotheistic meaning, and this is a fact which the professor himself has made explicit in his different works.