فهرست مطالب iman shirmohammadi

The growing and diverse trend of human social needs has led to a change in people's attitudes about the environment and natural resources. As a result, the importance of ecological and environmental functions of forest resources is increasing. This change of attitude has led to the development of the philosophy of sustainable and multi-purpose management of forests. The aim of the present study is the spatial zoning of the environmental capability of Kheyrud forest ecotourism based on special environmental model with a sustainable management approach. The ecological, socio-economic and environmental capability models presented for Hyrcanian forests were used as the basis of the present study. After preparing the required layers, the evaluation of the environmental capability was done based on three scenarios of high, medium, and low severity, and a spatial zoning was done. In this research, the smallest planning unit was selected based on the hydrological response units (HRU). The results of the implementation of the special model of the environmental capability of ecotourism, which is the integration of ecological and socio-economic models, showed that the integration of layers in scenarios with high, medium and low severity, for determinitig of suitable areas for ecotourism in the study area is appropriate.

Protected areas are one the places that need to be continuously monitored. In order to determine the effects of development on karkas protected area, impact assessment was done. Degradation model for protected areas can provide useful information to the managers of these areas. In addition to identifying vulnerable areas and resistant to degradation caused by human activities and the implementation of activities in the past, it also shows a possible development in the future. Hydrologic units were chosen as a unit work for the first time. The elements of this model, including the severity of damage and physiological density and ecological vulnerability was computed in each unit. Then, each of these elements were mapped. After computing the parameters of the degradation model, final map was prepared. Also in this study, degradation coefficients based on fuzzy theory was categorized for the first time. Thus, all subjects were compared in terms of intensity and extent of damage and the entire region were divided into 3 zones, prone to development, need rehabilitation and need conservation. Yet despite the development of the second- prone areas in the region, according to priorities based on the local conditions and also taking into account the socio-economic issues, there is no possibility of further development.