jamal ashoori

Individuals with depression often face significant challenges in memory and cognitive flexibility. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of cognitive rehabilitation training on prospective memory and cognitive flexibility in individuals with depression. This quasi-experimental study employed a pre-test and post-test design with both experimental and control groups. The research population consisted of individuals with depression seeking treatment at counseling centers in Ahvaz during the summer of 2023, from which 30 were conveniently sampled and randomly assigned to two equal groups. The experimental group underwent 10 one-hour sessions of cognitive rehabilitation training, while the control group received no intervention during this period. Data were collected using the Prospective Memory Subscale and the Cognitive Flexibility Inventory and analyzed using Chi-square and Multivariate Analysis of Covariance (MANCOVA) in SPSS-24. The findings indicated that there were significant differences between the experimental and control groups in both prospective memory and cognitive flexibility. In other words, cognitive rehabilitation training improved both prospective memory and cognitive flexibility in individuals with depression (P < 0.001). Considering the effectiveness of cognitive rehabilitation training in improving prospective memory and cognitive flexibility in individuals with depression, planning to incorporate cognitive rehabilitation training alongside other educational methods is effective in enhancing these characteristics.

The importance of academic activities is very high for ninth grade students because of choosing a course and enrolling in 10th grade. Therefore, the aim of this study was determine the effect of academic buoyancy education on academic self-concept and engagement in ninth grade male students. This research in terms of purpose was applied and in terms of implementation method was semi-experimental with a pre-test and post-test with a control group. The research population was the ninth grade male students of Pishva city in the 2022-23 academic years, which 40 people of them were selected with using the available sampling method as a sample and randomly divided into two equal groups. The experimental group received 12 sessions of 70 minutes the academic buoyancy education and the control group remained on the waiting list for training. Data were collected with the questionnaires of academic self-concept (Liu and Wang, 2005) and academic engagement (Reeve and Tseng, 2011) and analyzed by chi-square and multivariate analysis of covariance method in SPSS-19 software. The results showed that there was a significant difference between the experimental and control groups in terms of both variables of academic self-concept and academic engagement. In other words, academic buoyancy education increased self-concept and engagement in ninth grade male students (P<0.001). The results indicated the effect of academic buoyancy education on improving academic self-concept and engagement. Therefore, to improve the academic performance, including academic self-concept and engagement can be used from academic buoyancy education method along with other effective educational methods.

The present research was conducted with the aim of comparison the effectiveness of applied behavior analysis and play therapy on increasing the social skills of mild intellectual disability children. This study in terms of purpose was applied and in terms of implementation method was quasi-experimental with pre-test-post-test design with experimental and control groups. The research population was mild intellectual disability children referred to counseling centers in the third district of Tehran in the spring season of 2022 year. The research sample was 40 mild intellectual disability children who after reviewing the inclusion criteria were selected by the available sampling method and randomly were assigned into three equal groups including two experimental groups (applied behavior analysis and play therapy) and one control group. Each of experimental groups underwent by applied behavior analysis and play therapy for 10 sessions of 45 minutes (two sessions per week) as a group and during time the control group did not receive education. The tools of the current research included a demographic information form and social skills questionnaire (Gresham and Elliott, 1990). Data were analyzed by multivariate analysis of covariance and Bonferroni post hoc test in SPSS version 22 software. The findings showed that both intervention methods of applied behavior analysis and play therapy in compared to the control group led to increase the social skills and each three components of them including cooperation, assertiveness and self-control of mild intellectual disability children (P<0.001), but between the intervention methods there was no significant difference in increasing the social skills and their components (P>0.05). According to the results of the present study, therapists, counselors and psychologists can use both methods of applied behavior analysis and play therapy to increase the social skills of mild intellectual disability children.

Marriage has always been emphasized as the most important and the highest social custom to meet people's emotional needs. The main reasons for marriage are having love and affection for a partner and companion in life, satisfying emotional-psychological needs and increasing happiness and contentment. Therefore, the aim of the current research was to investigate the effectiveness of therapy based on realistic acceptance and commitment on couples' happiness and emotion regulation. In terms of purpose, the current research was of an applied type, and in terms of method, based on the research design and method, it was quasi-experimental with a pre-test and post-test design (with an experimental group and a control group and a three-month follow-up period). The statistical population used in the current study included all couples who referred to family counseling and couple therapy centers in the 2nd district of Tehran in 1401. Among these people, 40 people (20 couples) were selected using the purposeful sampling method and randomly assigned to an experimental group (20 people or 10 couples) and a control group (20 people or 10 couples). Then, a treatment package based on acceptance and realistic commitment was implemented on the experimental group based on the protocol of Afshari et al (2022). The research tools included the Oxford Happiness Questionnaire and the Gross & John (2003) Emotion Regulation Questionnaire. In order to statistically analyze the data, variance analysis with repeated measurements and LSD post hoc test and SPSS software version 26 were used. F value and significance level were calculated in the variable of emotion regulation (F = 6.17 and P = 0.002) and happiness (F = 5.81 and P = 0.003). It can be concluded that the independent variable (treatment based on realistic acceptance and commitment) has significantly changed the dependent variables (regulation of emotion and happiness). Therefore, it can be concluded that the changes made in the dependent variables were due to the implementation of the treatment based on acceptance and realistic commitment on the experimental group. The results of the LSD post hoc test showed that these effects were stable. Based on the available findings, it can be concluded that the therapy based on realistic acceptance and commitment was effective in regulating the emotions and happiness of couples. Therefore, it is suggested that experts benefit from the techniques of this approach in their work.

Aggression and impulsivity are some of the behavioral symptoms of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Neurofeedback (NF) training has been suggested as a promising treatment in these children. This study aimed to investigate the effect of NF training on aggression and impulsivity in schoolchildren with ADHD. 

A total of 40 male elementary school children with ADHD (aged 11.17±0.97 years) were randomized into the NF and sham groups. The NF group received 12 NF training sessions, each taking about 60 minutes for six consecutive weeks (twice a week), based on the Hammond protocol. The subjects’ parents were questioned to evaluate the outcomes, including aggression and impulsivity, using the Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire (BPAQ) and Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS).

After the intervention, in the NF group, the BPAQ score changed from 87.60±9.33 to 81±7.23 and the BIS score from 94.7±7.25 to 88.05±5.4, which were significant (P=0.001). The results indicated the large effect size of NF on aggression and impulsivity in ADHD.

Our findings suggest NF training as a clinically applicable method for decreasing aggression and impulsivity, also support concurrent use of medication and NF training in children with ADHD.

This research aimed to investigate the role of achievement motivation, personality traits and psychological hardiness in predicting social anxiety of educable mentally retarded students. Present research was a cross-sectional from type of correlation. The research population included all educable mentally retarded students of Varamin city in 2017-18 academic years that from them 130 people were selected by simple sampling method. All of them completed the questionnaires of achievement motivation (Hermans, 1970), personality traits (Costa & McCrae, 1992), psychological hardiness (Kobasa, 1979) and social anxiety (Connor & et al, 2000). The data were analyzed by Pearson correlation and multiple regression with enter model methods. The findings showed there was a positive and significant relationship between the achievement motivation, extroversion, openness, agreeableness, conscientiousness and psychological hardiness with social anxiety of educable mentally retarded students and there was a negative and significant relationship between the neuroticism with social anxiety of educable mentally retarded students. Also the variables of achievement motivation, neuroticism, extroversion, openness, agreeableness, conscientiousness and psychological hardiness significantly could predict the social anxiety of educable mentally retarded students (p<0/05). According to findings of this research counselors and experts consider the symptoms of achievement motivation, personality traits and psychological hardiness and based on design and implemente programs to decrease the social anxiety of educable mentally retarded students.

University students are a lot of problems in the field of adjustment especially social and health adjustment. Therefore, present research aimed to investigate the effectiveness of group therapy based on acceptance and commitment on social and emotional adjustment of nursing students.
This research carried out as a semi-experimental, with a pre-test and post-test design. The statistical population was included all nursing students of Islamic Azad University of Pishva branch in 2015-16 academic years. Totally 40 nurse were selected by voluntary sampling method and randomly assigned to two equal groups. The experimental group educated 8 sessions of 90 minutes by group therapy based on acceptance and commitment. Groups completed the dimensions of social and health adjustment of Bell’s adjustment questionnaire. Data were analyzed with using of SPSS-19 and by multivariate analysis of covariance method.
The findings showed there were a significant difference between experimental and control groups in the social and health adjustment. In the other words, group therapy based on acceptance and commitment significantly led to improve of social and health adjustment of nursing students (p≤0/05).
The results are due to the importance of group therapy based on acceptance and commitment on increase social and health adjustment of nursing students. Therefore, it is suggest that counselor and therapists to improve dimension of adjustment especially social and health adjustment used from group therapy based on acceptance and commitment.

Job satisfaction is one of the most important factors in increasing efficiency and creating positive attitude in individuals toward their work.This research aimed to investigating the relationship between management styles,creativity and organizational commitment with job satisfaction.Study population consists of all highschool principals in Qarchack and using multi-phase cluster sampling, 140 principals were chosen as the study sample. . All of them completed the multiple management questionnaire (Bass and Avolio, 1995), creativity questionnaire (Torrance, 1990), organizational commitment questionnaire (Allen and Meyer, 1997) and Herzberg’s job satisfaction questionnaires (Dant and et al, 1966).Results showed a positive and significant relationship between transformational management style, transactional management style, creativity and affective commitment with job satisfaction (p<0/01). Creativity, transactional management style and effective commitment in one predictive model predicted about 35 percent of variance of job satisfaction and also share of creativity in predicting job satisfaction was more than other variables. Therefore creativity, transactional management style and affective commitment lead to higher job satisfaction in high school principals.

Background and Gestational diabetes (GD) is one of the most prevalent diseases in women during pregnancy that is initiated and diagnosed during the pregnancy. Given the importance of early diagnose and timely treatment of this disease, the present study was conducted to investigate the effect of spiritual group therapy (SGT) on anxiety and quality of life among the women with Gestational diabetes.
This quasi-experimental study was conducted on 40 women with GD referring to the healthcare center of Varamin, Tehran, Iran, in 2015 using a pretest-posttest design. The study population was selected through available sampling method and randomly assigned into two groups of 20 cases. The experimental group was subjected to eight 80-minute sessions of SGT. The two study groups filled out the World Health Organization’s quality of life and the Cattell’s anxiety questionnaires. The data were analyzed by multivariate analysis of covariance method using SPSS version 19.
According to the results, there was a significant difference between the experimental and control groups in terms of the anxiety and quality of life (P As the findings of the present study indicated, the SGT method had a significant role in the reduction of anxiety and improvement of the quality of life. Therefore, the counselors and therapists are suggested to use the SGT method to decrease anxiety and increase quality of life.

Several difficulties of students with attention deficit/ hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are related to executive dysfunctions, which may improve by neurofeedback training. This study was aimed to investigate the effect of neurofeedback training on sustain attention and working memory in male elementary school students with ADHD.
This study was a quasi-experimental investigation with a pretest-posttest design. The statistical population were included male elementary school students with ADHA that referred to counseling centers of Varamin city in 2015. Thirty students were selected using sampling method and randomly divided into two groups. The experimental group educated twelve 60-minute-sessions of neurofeedback training. To assess sustain attention and working memory, CPT and N-back computerized tests were performed, respectively.
There was a significant difference between the averages of sustains attention and working memory of experimental and control groups in the posttest stage. The neurofeedback training significantly increased sustain attention and working memory in male elementary school students with ADHD.
The findings suggest use of neurofeedback training to improve cognitive dysfunction in children with ADHD.

Students, especially nursing students, have many problems in terms of social and emotional adjustment. Therefore, the present research aimed at determining the effect of group therapy based on acceptance and commitment on social and emotional adjustment of nursing students.
This research was a semi-experimental with a pre-test and post-test with experimental and control groups. The research population included all nursing students of Islamic Azad University of Pishva branch, during academic years 2015 and 2016. From this group, 40 individuals were selected by available sampling method and randomly assigned to 2 equal groups. The experimental group was trained by the approach of group therapy based on acceptance and commitment during 8 sessions of 90 minutes. Both groups completed dimensions of social and emotional adjustment of Bell’s adjustment questionnaire. Data were analyzed using the SPSS-17 software and by multivariate analysis of covariance method.
The findings showed that there was a significant difference between experimental and control groups in the variables of social and emotional adjustment. In other words, group therapy based on acceptance and commitment significantly led to improvement in social and emotional adjustment of nursing students (P ≤ 0.05).
The results are due to the effect of group therapy based on acceptance and commitment method indicating increased social and emotional adjustment of nursing students. Therefore, it is suggest for counselors and therapists to use group therapy based on acceptance and commitment method to improve dimensions of adjustment-specific social and emotional adjustment.

This research aimed to investigate the role of social factors of organizational culture, organizational climate and job satisfaction in predicting of job security in employees of Asaloyeh gas refinery. This study was a descriptive - analytical from type of correlation. The population of research was included all employees of Asaloyeh gas refinery in 2017 year that from them 332 person were selected by randomly simple sampling method. All of them completed the questionnaires of organizational culture (Hofsted, 1991), organizational climate (Jaw & Liu, 2003), job satisfaction (Dant & et al, 1966) and job security (Francis & Burling, 2005). Data was analyzed with Pearson correlation and multivariate regression with enter model methods. The findings showed organizational culture, organizational climate and job satisfaction had a positive and significant relationship with job security in employees of Asaloyeh gas refinery. Also the predicred variables (means job security in employees of Asaloyeh gas refinery) could predict 59/1 percent of variance of job security in employees of Asaloyeh gas refinery that in this predicting the share of organizational climate was higher than other variables (P<0/01). So to increase the job security in employees of Asaloyeh gas refinery, the first must improve the organizational climate and then consider the role of other variables. Also officials and counselors must consider the symptoms of mentioned variables and design and implementation appropriate programs to increase the job security in employees of Asaloyeh gas refinery.

Nurses are face a lot of stress, because the sensitivity job. Job’s stresses could led to increase depression and decrease quality of life. This research aimed to investigate the effect of group schema therapy on decrease depression symptom and increase quality of life among nurses.
This was a semi-experimental with a pre-test and post-test design. Forty women’s nurse selected from all hospitals women’s nurses of Varamin city and randomly was replaced into two equal groups. The intervention group educated 10 sessions of 80 minutes by group schema therapy method. Data collecting instrument were included the questionnaires of Beck and Clarck’s depression and World Health Organization’s quality of life. Data was analyzed by multivariate analysis of covariance method and with using SPSS (Ver., 19) software.
The findings showed before the intervention, the mean and standard deviation of depression and quality of life was 37/60±6/34 and 71/89±11/32 respectively, but after the intervention, the mean and standard deviation of them became 25/89±3/80 and 85/33±9/71 respectively. Also, there was a significant difference between intervention and control groups in the depression and quality of life. The group schema therapy revealed the decrease depression symptoms (F=35/738) and increase quality of life (F=23/451) of nurses (P The results indicate the importance of group schema therapy in decreasing depression and increasing quality of life of nurses. Therefore, nurses could use from group schema therapy method to reduce depression symptoms and improve quality of life.

Nursing is a stressful jobs and stress causes burnout. Job burnout has a lot negative psychological consequences. Thus, the aim of this study was to predict nurse’s job burnout based on the social capital, perceived social support and organizational citizenship behavior.
The current research was a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study. The population included the nurses of Varamin’s hospitals in 2016. Totally, 180 nurses were selected by the simple random sampling method. All of them completed the questionnaires included social capital, perceived social support, organizational citizenship behavior and job burnout. Data were analyzed by Pearson correlation and multivariate regression by enter model and with Assistance SPSS-19 software.
The results showed that social capital, perceived social support and organizational citizenship behavior had a negative significant relationship with nurse’s job burnout. In other words, the rate of nurse’s job burnout decreases with increasing social capital, perceived social support and organizational citizenship behavior (P≤0/01). A model predicting organizational citizenship behavior, perceived social support and social capital could predict 31.2% of the variations of nurse’s job burnout. The share of organizational citizenship behavior in predicting nurse’s job burnout was over than other variables (P≤0/001).
Social capital, perceived social support and organizational citizenship behavior had an effective role in predicting the nurse’s job burnout. Therefore, it is suggested that, in order to decrease the nurse’s job burnout, counselors and therapists increase the rate of organizational citizenship behavior, perceived social support and social capital of nurses.

Attention deficit/ hyperactivity disorder is a common childhood disorder which finding an effective treatment to decrease its symptoms is very important. This research aimed to investigate the effect of computer games on sustains attention and working memory in elementary boy students with attention deficit/ hyperactivity disorder.
This research was a queasy-experimental with a pre-test and post-test design. The statistical population included all elementary boy students with attention deficit/ hyperactivity disorder that referred to counseling centers of Pakdasht city in 2015. Totally 30 students were selected through available sampling method and randomly assigned to two groups. The experimental group educated 12 sessions of 60 minutes by computer games method. To assess sustain attention and working memory, CPT and N-back computerized tests were used respectively. Data were analyzed by analysis of covariance method and with using the SPSS-19 software.
The results showed the mean and standard deviation of sustain attention and working memory before the intervention in the computer games group were 121/86±12/73 and 33/43±6/86 respectively. But after the intervention, the mean and standard deviation of them become 148/23±11/18 and 43/62±7/29 respectively. Also, the other result showed that the computer games method significantly led to increase sustain attention and working memory in elementary boy students with attention deficit/ hyperactivity disorder (PThe results of this research suggest that therapists and clinical psychologists use from computer games method to increase sustain attention and working memory in students with attention deficit/ hyperactivity disorder.

Many problems of students with attention deficit / hyperactivity disorder is related to disorder in executive functions that neurofeedback training are effective to improve them. This study aimed to investigate the effect of neurofeedback training on executive function (sustain attention, planning and working memory) in elementary girl students with attention deficit / hyperactivity disorder.
This study was a quasi-experimental with a pre-test and post-test design. The statistical population included all elementary girl students with attention deficit / hyperactivity disorder that referred to counseling centers of Gharchak city in 2015 year. Totally 30 students were selected through available sampling method and randomly assigned to two groups. The experimental group educated 12 sessions of 60 minutes by neurofeedback method. To assess sustain attention, planning and working memory respectively were used from CPT, T-London and N-back computerized tests. Data analyzed with the SPSS-19 software and by multivariate analysis of covariance method.
The results showed there was a significant difference in three variable of sustains attention, planning and working memory. On the other hand the neurofeedback training method significantly lead to increase sustains attention, planning and working memory in elementary girl students with attention deficit / hyperactivity disorder (P Regarded the results of this research suggest that therapist and clinical psychologist use from neurofeedback training for increase sustains attention, planning and working memory in students with attention deficit / hyperactivity disorder.

Aim: Anxiety is one of the most common mental disorders with high prevalence in people. This research aimed to prediction anxiety based on schemas and positive and negative cognitive emotion regulation.
This study was a descriptive analytical from type of correlation that a sample of 200 school managers was selected by simple random sampling method of Gharchak city in 2016 year. All of them completed the questionnaires of anxiety (Cattell¡ 1973)¡ early maladaptive schemas (Young¡ 1994) and cognitive emotion regulation strategies (Garnefski & et al¡ 2001). Data was analyzed by Pearson correlation and multivariate regression with enter model methods with using of SPSS-19 software.
The schemas of disconnection and rejection¡ impaired autonomy¡ impaired limits and over vigilance and negative cognitive emotion regulation strategies had a positive significant relation with anxiety and positive cognitive emotion regulation strategies had a negative significant relation with anxiety (P Regarded to findings seem to reduce anxiety can decrease the rate of maladaptive schemas and negative cognitive emotion regulation strategies and increase the rate of positive cognitive emotion regulation strategies.

Nursing due to its demand to work under high pressure, night shifts, deal with difficulties and other reasons has always been associated with stress and mental pressure, and its duties have always been intertwined with moral issues. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the relationship be tween organizational commitment, job satisfaction and social orientation, and moral behavior of the nurses w orking in hospitals in Varamin.
The present research was a correlational descriptive study. The study population consisted of all nurses working in Shahid Mofatteh and 15-e-Khordad hospitals in the city of Varamin in 2015, out of which 120 nurses were randomly selected .T he participants answered the questions regarding demographic variables, and completed the standardized questi onnaires of organizational commitment, job satisfaction, social orientation, and moral behavior. The data were analyzed by using SPSS s tatistical software version 19.
Ethical Considerations: After presenting the research objectives, emphasizing the anonymi ty of questionnaires and confidentiality of personal information, and getting a written informed consent, the questionnaires were handed to the participants. Data collection was conducted by people of the same sex as nurses.
Findings: A total of 120 nurse (78 females and 42 males) with a mean and standard deviation of 32.67±4.39 years participated in this study. Mean and standard deviations were 60.66±13.50 for organizational commitment, 142.20±28.52 for job satisfaction, 83.58±19.38 for social orientation, and 53.67±10.09 for moral behavior. Organizational commitment (r=0.5 71), job satisfaction (r=0.438) and social orientation (r=0.295) presented a significant positive relationship with the moral behavior of the nurses. Moreover, there was a significant pos itive correlation between organizational commitment and nurses’ job satisfaction, and also between job satisfaction and the nurses’ social orientation (P≤0.01). O rganizational commitment, job satisfaction and social orientation could significantly predict 52.7 percent of the nurses’ moral behavioral changes. According to the standard beta of the variable, it can be stated that organizational commitment had a greater contribution than job satisfaction and social orientation in the predictions.
Re gard ing the positive significant relationship between the predicting variables and moral behavior of the nurses, running appropriate workshops is recommended.

Psychological constructs of emotional intelligence, coping strategies and life satisfaction play an important role in mental health. This research aimed to investigate the share of emotional intelligence, coping strategies and life satisfaction on mental health in nursing students.
This is a descriptive analytical study of correlation type. The statistical population of this research was all nursing students of Islamic Azad University of Varamin-Pishva branch in 2014-15 academic years. Totally 180 students (104 girls and 76 boys) were selected using stratifies randomly sampling method. All of them completed the questionnaires of emotional intelligence, coping strategies, life satisfaction and mental health. The data were analyzed with using the SPSS-19 software and by method of Pearson correlation and multivariateregression with stepwise model.
The results showed a positive and significant relationship between emotional intelligence, problem solving strategy and satisfaction of past life, present life and future life with mental health.Problem solving strategy, satisfaction of present life and emotional intelligence in one predicted model predicted 31 percent of variance of mental health. The share of problem solving strategy in prediction mental health was over of other variables(P According to the findings, problem solving strategy, satisfaction of present life and emotional intelligence was the most important predictor of mental health. Therefore, therapists and counselors regarded to the symptoms of mention variables and based those design appropriate programs for promote mental health in nursing students.

Cognitive and metacognitive learning strategies are identified as important solutions for improving academic achievement. This study aimed toevaluate the effect of teaching cognitive and metacognitive learning strategies on academic achievement among nursing students.
This Study was an experimental with pretest and posttest and follow-updesign. The study population included all nursing students atIslamic Azad University of Pishva during 2013-14. Overall, 40 students were chosen byconvenience sampling technique and randomly divided into two groups (20 subjects in each group) of experimental and control. Students in the experimental group received 10 sessions of 70 minutes long (twice a week) training for cognitive and metacognitive strategies, while the control group received no training. All students completed a teacher-made academic achievement testat the pretest, posttest, and follow-up phases. Data were analyzed usingrepeated measures ANOVA technique.
The mean value of the experimental group (16.67 ± 3.58) was higher than the control group (13.47 ± 2.37) at the posttest phase. Themean value of the experimental group (16.29 ± 3.74) was higher than the control group (12.93 ± 2.84) at the follow-up phase. In addition, there were significant differencesbetween mean valuesat the posttest and follow up phases and mean valueatthe pretest phase. However, there was no significant difference between the mean values of the posttest phase and the follow-up phase.
The results of this study indicate that teaching cognitive and metacognitive learning strategies improves academic achievement in students at posttest and follow-up phases. Thus, academic teachers may teach these useful strategies to the students to improve their academic achievement.

This research aimed to investigate the relationship between management styles and social capital with social adjustment of managers. This study was a cross-sectional from type of correlation. The statistical population of research included all school’s managers of Gharchak city in 2015-16 academic years. From them 160 person were selected by simple sampling method and all of them completed the questionnaires of multiple management (Bass and Avolio, 1995), social capital (Pajak, 2006) and social adjustment (Bell, 1961). Data was analyzed with Pearson correlation and multivariate regression with stepwise model methods. The findings of correlation show that there is a positive and significant relationship between transformational management style, transactional management style and social capital with social adjustment of managers and a negative and significant relationship between laissez–faire management style with social adjustment of managers. Also the finding of regression showed that transformational management style, social capital and transactional management style can predict 29/1 percent of variance of social adjustment among managers (P<0/01). Regarded to results of this research suggest that counselors and psychologists to improve social adjustment of managers respectively increase the transformational management style, social capital and transactional management of them through educational workshops.

Quality of life is affected by several psychological factors of which personality traits and family communication patterns can be noted as the most important ones. This research aimed to investigate the role of personality traits and family communication patterns in prediction of quality of life among nurses.
This is a descriptive-analytical study of cross-sectional type. The statistical population included 180 nurses of Shahid Mofatteh and 15 Khordad hospitals of Varamin city in 2015, as selected by stratified randomly sampling method. The data was collected through questionnaires comprising personality traits of Costa & McCrae, family communication patterns of Koerner & Fitzpatrick and quality of life of World Health Organization. Data was analyzed by Pearson correlation and multivariate regression with using SPSS-19 software.
The results showed that neuroticism and conformity communication pattern had a significantly negative relationship with quality of life of nurses; and extroversion, openness, agreeableness, conscientiousness and conversation communication pattern had a significantly positive relationship with life quality of nurses (P Extroversion, neuroticism and conversation communication pattern reveal a significant ability of predicting quality of life among nurses. Therefore, these variables can have an effective role in improving the quality of life of nurses. It is suggested that therapists should consider these variables and design appropriate programs, based on them, to improve the quality of life of nurses.

Cognitive behavioral therapy and schema therapy are known as two common methods to promote happiness and mental health. This research aimed to investigate the effectiveness cognitive behavioral therapy and schema therapy in improving happiness and mental health of nursing students who referred to counseling center in Islamic Azad university of Mashhad Branch.
This research was a quasi-experimental study with a pre-test and post-test design. The statistical population included all nursing girl students who referred to counseling center in Islamic Azad university of Mashhad Branch in 2014 year. 45 girl students were selected by convenience sampling and randomly assigned to three groups (each group 15 students) included experimental and control groups. The experimental groups educated by cognitive behavioral therapy and schema therapy in 10 sessions (each session for 70 minutes). All of groups completed the questionnaires of happiness (Argyle and Lu) and mental health (Goldberg and Hillier) as the pre-test and post-test. Data were analyzed using SPSS software and multivariate analysis and covariance methods.
The findings showed the happiness post-test mean of cognitive behavioral, schema therapy and control groups was (3.78±1.19), (3.67±1.12), and (1.96±0.65) respectivly. Also, the post-test mean of mental health in cognitive behavioral, schema therapy and control groups was (3.23±0.91), (3.12±0.87), and (1.68±0.70) respectivly. Moreover, there was a significant difference among experimental groups, cognitive behavioral therapy and schema therapy with control groups (P The results of this study showed that both cognitive behavioral therapy and schema therapy methods can increase happiness and mental health in nursing students. So, it suggests that therapists use these methods to improve happiness and mental health in students.

Meta-cognitive therapy and educating components of spiritual intelligence were two important methods in treating anxiety disorders. This study was aimed to investigate the effect of meta-cognitive therapy and educating components of spiritual intelligence in decreasing the symptoms of generalized anxiety disorder among students.
This was a quasi-experimental study with a pre-test and post-test design. The statistical population included all students with generalized anxiety disorder that referred to counseling centers of Islamic Azad University, Mashhad branch in the year 2013. Totally 45 students were selected through available sampling method and randomly assigned to three groups. The experimental groups were educated for ten 70-minute sessions by meta-cognitive therapy and components of spiritual intelligence; the control group did not receive any treatment. For collecting data all groups completed the Cattell generalized anxiety questionnaire as a pre-test and a post-test. Data were analyzed with SPSS 19 and by univariate analysis of covariance (UNCOVA).
Both methods of meta-cognitive therapy and educating component of spiritual intelligence significantly led to the decrease of generalized anxiety disorder symptoms of students. Also, the findings showed there wasn’t any significant differences between meta-cognitive therapy and education component of spiritual intelligence methods in decreasing the symptoms of generalized anxiety disorder of students.
Meta-cognitive therapy and educating the component of spiritual intelligence methods were equally effective in decreasing the generalized anxiety disorder of students. Therefore, counselors and therapists can use the mentioned methods in treating generalized anxiety of students.

This research aimed to investigate the relationship between conflict management styles with job stress of elementary school teachers. This was a cross-sectional study from type of correlation. The statistical population of that included all elementary school teachers of Varamin city in 2015 year. From them 310 teacher were selected by multistep cluster sampling method and all of them completed the questionnaires of conflict management styles (Robbins & DeCenzo, 1998) and job stress (Spector & Jex, 1998). Data was analyzed with Pearson correlation and multivariate regression with stepwise model methods. The findings of correlation showed a significantly negative relationship between conflict management styles of accommodating and cooperating with job stress and a significantly positive relationship between conflict management styles of avoiding and competing with job stress, but there isn’t any significant relationship between conflict management style of compromising with job stress. Also the finding of regression showed conflict management styles of avoiding, accommodating and cooperating can predict 38/4 percent of variance of job stress among elementary school teachers (P≤0/01). Regarded to results of this study suggest that counselors and therapists consider the symptoms of these variables and based on design appropriate programs to reduce job stress of elementary teachers and to implement it with using educational workshops.