kambiz poshaneh

Inefficiency in the process of emotion regulation prevents the emergence of efficient behaviors and appropriate coping responses to the situation in marital relationships by the individual, which seems to be influenced by relational beliefs.

The present study aimed to formulate a structural model of marital satisfaction based on relational beliefs with the mediating role of cognitive emotion regulation in married women.

The current research was descriptive-correlation based on the method of structural equations and the statistical population of the present study consisted of all married women between the ages of 30 and 50 who were referred to counseling centers in Tehran in the first six months of 2022, among them 371 women were selected using the random clusters sampling method. The research tools included ENRICH Marital Satisfaction Scale, Relationship Belief Inventory, and Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire. For data analysis, Pearson's correlation method and structural equations were used with SPSS version 22 and AMOS version 24 software.

The results of the present study showed there is an indirect and significant relationship between relational beliefs and marital satisfaction with the mediation of positive emotional cognitive regulation (P=0.003, Z=-2.11). There is an indirect and significant relationship between relational beliefs and marital satisfaction with the mediation of negative emotional cognitive regulation (P=0.009, Z=-1.78).

The results showed that marital satisfaction is predicted based on communication beliefs with the mediating role of cognitive emotion regulation in married women. It is suggested that couple therapists and family therapists pay attention to relational beliefs and cognitive emotion regulation strategies derived from them in counseling and couple therapy to increase marital satisfaction.

The problems of children with oppositional defiant disorder are largely related to the parent-child relationship, therefore in the current research, based on the research synthesis method, a comprehensive implementation model for parent education is presented. The aim of the research is to identify the components and elements of positive parenting for the families of children with oppositional defiant disorder, develop the program and evaluate its content validity.

The research method is qualitative and research synthesis type. The statistical population included all articles and research related to positive parenting. The sample size was 92 articles that were published between 2010 and 2023. Using the CASP checklist and Based on the entry and exit criteria, first 27 and then after studying the abstract of the documents, the quality of the articles and the degree of relevance, 12 cases were selected as the research sample. Petticrew & Roberts(2006) six- stage model was used for data analysis, and Content Validity Index method was used for content validity.

According to the findings of the research, positive parenting is based on six main theme including: mutual respect and equality, use of natural and logical consequences, psychological autonomy, inductive discipline, parental warmth, acceptance, and sensitivity. The content validity was based on the content validity index of 0. 86, which indicates the acceptable content validity of the program.

Considering that oppositional defiant disorder is more influenced by the interaction of the individual with the social environment, especially the family, and the parenting style is effective in the occurrence of the disorder, the designed program can be used to improve existing interventions and design new interventions.

Due to the psychological distress and negative emotions during this period, such as the feeling of failure in the turbulences, stresses and pressures of life, the elderly face more challenges. Their lives will be Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of developing a distress tolerance model in the elderly based on perceived support, experiential avoidance and spiritual intelligence with the mediating role of mindfulness. The research method was descriptive and correlation type, which was done in the form of path analysis. The statistical population of the present study was the elderly of Tehran between the ages of 65 and 80, of which 300 were selected using available sampling. The data collection tools in this research are Perceived Social Support Scale (1988), King's Spiritual Intelligence Questionnaire (2008), Simmons and Gaher's Distress Tolerance Scale (2005), Brown and Ryan's Mindfulness Scale (2003) and the Multidimensional Experiential Avoidance Questionnaire by Gomes and colleagues (2011). The resulting data were analyzed at the descriptive level using mean and standard deviation and at the inferential level using correlation test and regression analysis and path analysis to investigate the role of mediator, using SPSS and AMOS software. The results indicated that the model for developing distress tolerance in the elderly has an acceptable fit. This shows that the variables of perceived support, experiential avoidance and spiritual intelligence are directly related to distress tolerance. The relationship between mindfulness and distress tolerance is directly significant, and also the indirect effect of perceived support, experiential avoidance, and spiritual intelligence with distress tolerance with the mediation of mindfulness is significant (P<0.05). The results indicate that perceived support, experiential avoidance and spiritual intelligence with the mediating role of mindfulness are very important and effective in coping with the distress of the elderly.

The purpose of the present study was to validate the citizenship education curriculum model for students with special needs (intellectual disability). Citizenship education equips students' knowledge, skills and understanding and plays an effective role in their public life.

The present study is an applied-developmental study in terms of its purpose, and it is a cross-sectional survey research in terms of the method and time frame of data collection. A semi-structured interview and a Likert scale questionnaire were used to collect data. The statistical population of this research in the qualitative part includes experts and experts of special curriculum planning and experts of exceptional organization. Sampling of the qualitative section continued until theoretical saturation was reached and 24 experts participated in this section. Since the statistical population is 182 people (experts and teachers of mentally retarded students) and the sample is calculated based on the Cochran table with an error of 0.1, the number of 79 people. In order to analyze the data in the qualitative part, the foundation's data analysis method was used to identify research indicators, and structural equation modeling and SMARTPLS softwa re were used to validate and present the final model.

Based on that, the linear relationship between research categories, including causal conditions, central categories, background conditions, intervening conditions, strategies and consequences was determined.

The results presented in this research show that the most important results obtained from the interviews emphasized the content of citizenship education and teaching methods. In terms of teaching and training methods, the formation of informal groups and supervision of group activities, learning in practice and student-centered and cooperative teaching methods have been emphasized

The purpose of this study was to design a citizenship education curriculum model for students with special needs.The qualitative methodology of the data theory of the foundation is used and in terms of research philosophy. It is in the category of applied positivist paradigm and in terms of qualitative and quantitative research, it has an inductive and deductive approach and survey strategy. The statistical population of this research is experts and specialists of special curriculum planning and experts of exceptional organizations. Sampling was performed using non-probabilistic judgmental method. Interviews were conducted with research samples. In order to sample, the snowball method was used and the interview was conducted in a semi-structured manner with open and general questions up to 15 people to saturate the data, but for more assurance up to 24 people were interviewed. The factors were identified using the foundation data technique using Atlas ti software. In-depth interview was used as the main data collection tool at this stage. Based on the obtained results, a total of 106 concepts and 21 categories or open source codes were identified and extracted. The 21 identified categories were divided into 6 main datasets of the foundation. Among the identified factors, the axial coding paradigm was performed and based on that, the linear relationship between research categories including causal conditions, axial categories, contextual conditions, intervening conditions, strategies and consequences was determined. The results obtained showed the importance of the practicality of citizenship education for students with special needs. The results presented in this study show that the most important results obtained from the interviews emphasized the content of citizenship education and training methods. Regarding teaching and learning methods, the formation of informal groups and monitoring the activities of groups, learning in practice and student-centered and participatory teaching methods are emphasized.

The purpose of this study was to evaluation modeling job satisfaction based on unpleasant lifestyle with mediation of cognitive emotion regulation in in women nurses’ hospital in during Coronavirus disease. The research design was a structural equation modeling relationship. This study was conducted in the presence of 500 people women nurses’ hospital by available sampling method among in hospitals in Isfahan city in year 1400. To measure the variables, Short-Form Minnesota Job Satisfaction Questionnaire (Weiss and et al, 1967), Lifestyle Inventory (Smith and Miller, 1988) and Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (Garnefski and Kraaij, 2007) were used. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation and structural equation modelling with using SPSS and AMOS software was investigated.The results showed that unpleasant lifestyle and maladaptive cognitive regulation of emotion have a direct and negative effect on job satisfaction (P <0.01). Also, the adaptive cognitive regulation of emotion has a direct and positive effect on job satisfaction (P <0.01). Also, proposed model had an acceptable fitness to the data and indirect pathways of unpleasant lifestyle were significant through mediation of role cognitive emotion regulation on job satisfaction. The evaluated model has a good fit and is an important step in identifying the factors that are effective in job satisfaction in hospital staff and Hospital officials can use the results of this study to improve nurses' job satisfaction during coronavirus outbreaks

The purpose of this study is to provide a model for evaluating the academic achievement of elementary school. Accordingly, exploratory mixed research was used for developing this model. In the qualitative and quantitative phases, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 18 individuals and 30 experts completed the researcher-made questionnaire. The opinions of 500 teachers were collected. The open coding method was used to analyze the qualitative part information and the multi-criteria decision making method was used to analyze the quantitative part data using the AHP electrotechnical model in Expert Choice software. As the finding indicated, the implementation of elementary school evaluation is related to human, organizational and infrastructural components. The human component with a score of 2 is the most important in relation to the implementation of the elementary school evaluation model. Among the 13 components, the facility had the highest weight with a score of 0.524.

Down syndrome is one of the problems that children suffer from. This syndrome has been widely taken into consideration by clinical specialists and Psychologists. Children with Down syndrome are very sensitive to aspects of their social environment. Children with Down syndrome show high levels of social - emotional problems compared to normal children. Therefore, alexithymia is one of the potential problems in people with Down syndrome which is referred to disability in cognitive processing of emotional information and regulation of emotions. Several methods have been introduced to improve the socio-emotional skills of children with Down syndrome, including group game therapy. It seems that the game process leads to socialization, increases confidence and learning in children. For this purpose, this study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of group games on socio-emotional skills of children with Down syndrome.
Material and This research was a pilot project and a pretest-posttest type with experimental and control group. The experimental and control groups were equal; random sampling and a pre-test was executed on both groups before applying the experimental interventions on experimental and control groups followed by a post-test at the end of intervention. The difference between pre-test and post-test in each group was evaluated in terms of statistical significance. Statistical population of this study included all 7-8 years old children with Down syndrome in special schools of Ahvaz city in the academic year of 2012- 2013. The statistical sample in this study was 30 children (16 girls and 14 boys) with Down syndrome. In this study a multi-stage random sampling method was used so that two schools were selected first among district 2 of educational zones in Ahwaz and among schools located in district 2. After the diagnostic assessment finally 30 students from first and second grade elementary, aged 7-8 years were selected and randomly assigned into two experimental and control groups. In order to investigate the effectiveness of group games on social-emotional skills of children with Down syndrome the Social-emotional skills Bostin questionnaire (2007) was used.
This questionnaire which was developed by Bostin in 2007 consists of 50 questions and measures five dimensions of behavior (skills, self-awareness, self-regulation, empathy, social relations and adaptive behavior. The questionnaire scale is five-point Likert and all the questions are directly scored. It is notable that this questionnaire has not been already used in Iran and it is the first time translated and used in this study. It was also found after investigating that the validity and reliability of each of the subscales of the questionnaire is desirable. Furthermore, the games of (relaxation-learning, animals power game, news reading game, Patchwork humor, Secret, throne, poping balloons, the pyramid of glasses, Volleyball with loop, creating a country, the creative coloring) were used to evaluate the effectiveness of play therapy. The results showed that performing program group games affect social and emotional skills and increase the level of skills in children with Down syndrome in socio-emotional skills (Skills, self-awareness, self-regulation, empathy, social and adaptive behavior) (p The results showed that using group games is a way to increase social and emotional skills in children with Down syndrome. Group gaming has been instrumental in improving and increasing the socio-emotional skills of the children and reduced the symptoms of anxiety, behavioral and emotional disorders, and increased their compatibility. Generally, the results showed that the children’s ability and skills in the areas of socio-emotional skills listed has been increased significantly after receiving game programs.