khodarahm bazzi

Today's urban and modern life, despite the latest and most up-to-date technologies, has been able to make people's lives much easier than in the past and remove the hardships that people had to endure in the past, but this type of life has brought a new problem with it. which was not predictable before; Depression and lack of happiness. Unfortunately, due to the unprofessional construction of big cities, the loss of natural spaces and visual pollution, exhausting traffic, noise and air pollution, life in cities has become very exhausting and the unpleasant conditions of life in crowded cities cause various diseases such as depression, anxiety and disorders. It has become mental and physical. This research aims to investigate the components of a happy city in the areas of Gorgan city, in line with the movement towards creating happy neighborhoods. The governing process of this research is descriptive-analytical in terms of purpose, application and type of research method. The method of collecting data and information is library, document and survey. The scope of the research is 8 urban areas of Gorgan, which have been measured and analyzed with 7 criteria of a happy city. The research results show that in the AHP decision model, the human capital index with a score of (0.784) is the first priority, social trust with a coefficient of (0.372) is the second priority, and visual pollution with a coefficient of (0.330) is the first priority. Third, it has had the greatest impact on the movement of a district towards the happy city. Also, based on COPRAS multi-criteria decision making model, District 1 with a score of (1) ranks first in terms of the indicators of Shad City, District 2 ranks second with a coefficient of (0.975) and District 6 ranks first with a score of (0.946). The third is in terms of the indicators of the happy city.

One of the most important factors for sustainable development in the Declaration of Agenda is the twenty-one reduction in urban inequality. Therefore, the necessity of recognizing the current status of the indicators of spatial justice and evaluating urban spaces for any physical, economic, and social planning is desirable in order to desirability is inevitable.

The method of this research is descriptive-analytical with the nature of the developmental application that uses spatial-urban planning techniques to identify aspects of spatial-spatial inequalities in the regions of Gorgan. The aim of this study was to analyze and evaluate the spatial distribution of components and indicators of services and facilities within the city to prioritize and enjoy the levels of urban areas of Gorgan. For analysis of urban services data, TOPSIS, Concurrency and Multi-Criterion Optimization (VIKOR), Simple Weighted Weights (SAW) solutions in the Excel spreadsheet software environment, and to achieve one the single result is used in the integration technique.

The results of the Topsis technique show that Zone 2 of Zone 2 with the development coefficient (0.5057) ranked first and as the area with Zone 2 and Zone 1 with the development coefficient (0.04117) the last rank Has it These conditions are also apparent for the viqueur technique, so that zone 2 is the most favored region of the 2 with the viquo coefficient (0), and region 2 is the most deprived of the area 1 with the viquo coefficient (1).

The integration technique also shows that zones 1 and 2 of area 2 have zones 1 and 2 of the semi-arid zone 3, area 3 of area 3 is low and areas 1, 2 of area 1 and area 3 of area 2 are excluded.

When cities have the two virtual and real spaces, it is an urban population movement managing to provide peace and security to its citizens through rationalizing urban population movement. In an electronic city, information services are given with no temporal or spatial limit (Safari & Kanaani, 2007). The use of new technology and communications in municipality as a service-providing organ leads to the establishment of an extensive, integrated, and secure structure to provide urban services. Urban services include assessing all the needs of the people in the city in terms of providing urban services and increasing the welfare of citizens (Mousazadeh, Bazzi, Mirkatouli, & Farrokhzad, 2015). Gorgan, city is the capital of Golestan, is one of the most populated cities within the region. Every day, there is a massive movement of people across the city. Living in an electronic city will be time and money saving for both citizens and the government. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the feasibility of implementing an electronic city in the urban area of Gorgan.
This research is descriptive-analytical using survey method. Delphi method is used for the use of urban experts’ opinions. The statistical population of the present study includes experts in the field of urban management and information technology in Gorgan. Since the correct number of the study population is not available, an estimated number of 70 people were selected. Finally, the data were collected through a questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS software in an attempt to find the best solution to implement an electronic city in Gorgan.
Regarding the feasibility of the implementation of an electronic city in Gorgan, 20 factors influencing the development of the electronic city have been considered. In fact, the impact of these factors has been measured by experts. In addition, the Chi-Square test has been used to examine the components which were used to measure the use of information technology in Gorgan from the viewpoint of experts and managers. With regard to the results, it can be said that in relation to most of the components of information and communication technology, the infrastructure has been launched from the viewpoint of experts and managers. The findings of the multivariate regression coefficient show the impact of the components of creating a suitable environment for encouraging investors in the information technology sector, expanding computer and internet education to all classes of society, helping protect the privacy of the individuals, making the commitment of urban macro management to building an electronic city, having suitable control, monitoring the system, long-term strategic thinking at the macro level of the country, the most important factors are the creation and formation of electronic city in Gorgan.
Gorgan, the capital of Golestan, is one of the densely populated cities of the region with many offices throughout the province which has a massive population movement from all over the city every day. Thus, if the electronic city is established, it will save time and money for citizens and the government. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to examine the feasibility of implementing an electronic city in the urban area of Gorgan. The statistical population of the present study includes experts and managers of urban management and information technology in Gorgan. However, since the correct number of the study population is not available, an estimated number of 70 were selected to administer the researchers’ made questionnaire. Finally, the data were analyzed using SPSS software and the best solution to establish the electronic city in Gorgan was presented. The results of the regression test indicate that there is a significant relationship between the component of computer and internet education in all sectors of society and the long-term strategic thinking at the macro level of the country with the formation of the electronic city. The Beta coefficient explicitly demonstrates the above relationship.
Depending on the Beta coefficient the following suggestions are made in order to establish an electronic city in Gorgan.
• Creating the culture of using computers and the internet among all classes of Gorgan
• Compulsory payment of bills and installments via the internet and information technology
• Have a comprehensive and strategic plan for the development of the electronic city in the long run
• Establishment of working groups in Gorgan governorate and municipality for the development of information and communication technology
• Establishing appropriate infrastructure for the development of information and communication technology in the city

Form and pattern of urban growth is a sign of growth and spread in variety stages and environment. This is related to social، economical، natural and human factors. This has a different pattern and had influencing to above factors، special social and economical factors. This article studies evaluation of urban growth compression and sprawl rate and its effects to increasing of household’s costs. Research method is analytic- survey and based on documents and questionnaires، data and information are consisting of indicators and criteria such as; area، population and density with use Holdren and Moran coefficient models. These data particularly urban journeys had tested to Chi Square and related to assessment of urban growth compression and sprawl rate in Bojnourd. In this research after of concluded of growth pattern and sprawl rate، studied three neighborhoods in three textures in Bojnourd. Results show urban sprawl in continuation stages with 46% in recent decade comparison to other decades. This process increased of automobile use and increased household’s economical costs.

Zabol city is located in eastern Iran, in a desert area with low rainfall (50 mm annually). Because it is located in Hirmand river estuary, its natural shelving is zero, and as a result, there is an unnatural drainage in this city. In addition, this city is exposed to local winds in summer and a dense dusty storm blow the city, when Hamoon Lake is drought. The creation of Zabol city dates back to 150 years ago when two villages of Hossein Abad & Nosrat Abad coalesced, without any prospect of future events and environmental conditions. This has led to the building of narrow and one-way streets in the city center. Finally, urban environment in Zabol is affected by four factors such as; Hirmand river, Hamoon lake, Local winds (120 days) and the flattened plain. This research investigates the challenges of urban environment in Zabol city and it aims to explain these challenges. Research methods in this article are descriptive-analytic and library data, observation and questionnaire were utilized.

Urban spaces was eco-friendly before Industrial Revolution; however, after the revolution, urban spaces was influenced by industry so life style has been changed that makes more people to go to suburban areas to be get in touch with nature. To address this issue, city managers attempt to consider green spaces and public parks in their planning outside of cities. Mellat Park of Zahedan is a good example of these types of parks. This paper examined the current visual aspects of Mellat Park based on residents’ preferences using a classification model quality (Q-Sort). According to this model, there are three different zoning in parks: 1. Designed areas, 2. Playgrounds or Recreational zone, 3. Green spaces. In two different times, 495 photos were taken from different three areas. Then the photos were categorized based on the objectives of the study and a total of 24 images for all areas (8 for each) were selected. The respondents ranked the photos with these 5 scales: (very nice picture, nice, ordinary, ugly and too ugly). The results show that 50% of the visitors who are 15-24 years old, prefer green spaces, while 46% of those who are 25-49 years prefer to use “designed spaces”. Finally 36% of visitors who are above 50 years prefer to use playgrounds or recreational zones.

The rural management system in Iran has gone through complex transformation in relation to socioeconomic structures in recent years. Generally, it can be said that rural management in Iran had been centralized and kept under the control of landlords, bailiffs and headmen of villages till 1962, and since then up to 1979 it was in the forms of village associations, and house of justice, with village headmen cooperation. After the revolution of 1979, the village councils have been established that were channels through which some government related organizations implemented their policies. The importance of the subject and the quantity of villages in the Sistan, led us to conduct the study in the region. The main hypothesis of the study was that councils had a positive performance towards the achievement of sustainable rural development. To this end 500 questionnaires were completed. The results indicated that councils had positive performances except in cases which lacked necessary facilities or credit.

There have been more than 10000 Afghan immigrants in Zabol city for more than 25 years. The importance of this phenomenon required us to study its time, population influences and current and future consequences. This immigration has caused lots of problems for this city and this study aims at finding the problems and consequently providing effective solutions to the problems caused by this social- political phenomenon. This study is experimental using the common research designs in the field of geography.