فهرست مطالب leila pahlavanzadeh

Following the transformation of urban spaces, technological advances and the advent of machine to early twentieth century, and also increasing the needs of people to the recreational facilities, lead to establish the Public parks and promenades as recreational spaces. In this period, according to the needs of each age to its own special design, the spaces were tested for the using group. Technological advancement also provides the possibility of creating the special areas for different age groups which can mention the specific play zones for kids and Teens in big cities as an example of these desirable and attractive recreational spaces for this age group. However, unfortunately, in our country after the fundamental changing in architecture and urban planning, population growth, increase of mass construction, high-rise building and increasing of population in an area(some of which are children) no such facilities were considered, and even if urban environments have had good urban design, the children and their conditions have not been considered. Therefore, in this study we are going to introduce and have a comparative study of these spaces in Iran and other countries by using the combination research method (qualitative and quantitative).

The category of Learning and teaching always has been such a unique position in Iran, That according to The history, This territory has been the source of culture and art, since ancient times and it has presented many art works and constructions and cultural and artistic characters to the world. The old Fashioned primary schools (Maktab-khanen), instruction institutes in fire- temples, remains muddy tablets and much of other examples before Islam admit this issue. After Islam it transformed in a good mood. At first, mosques, in addition to religious function, were brought up as teaching centres too. after a while as well as these places, Islamic schools, as other institutes, founded for acquisition of science. These institutes, in each period, according to a certain government, passed some ascension and descending grades until they acquired the highest position in Safavid period (which it will bring up in this discourse), in a way that, the capital city of that period, in other word, Isfahan, mentioned as a "East sciences home" or "Darol elme-e-sharq". It’s necessary to say that discussion about schools at different ages and its decline and progress, the architectural styles and need to detailed writing. There for, we are going to study this category in according to title of essay in domination period of Safavid dynasty, that Isfahan styles in architecture and city planning is obviously effective.