m. ghaemi

The outbreak of the Corona pandemic in the world, including in our country, led to preventive actions such as closure of Iranian universities, so changes in training and evaluating students, especially the expansion of the use of digital technologies, are inevitable. Currently, eLearning is considered one of the main elements in distance learning, and the purpose of this research is to examine the content of end-of-semester virtual exams and related factors during the Corona pandemic from the point of view of dental students of Babol University of Medical Sciences

The current research was carried out as a cross-sectional descriptive study on a number of dental students who have passed their end-of-semester exams virtually at Babol University of Medical Sciences in 2020-2021. A Questionnaire in 2 sections including; demographic questions; virtual test content questions have been designed. Data was analyzed through independent samples t-test and one-way Anova using SPSS statistical software version 26.

According to the findings of the present study, out of a total of 227 people participating in the study, 50.7% were male and 49.3% were female, GPA of the participants was between 18 and 16 (51.5%). The mean score obtained for the content of the virtual tests was 3.08±0.6 and it was moderate. In general, the male students significantly were more satisfied than female students regarding virtual exams (P = 0.017). Results indicated no statistically significant difference between the point of views of the students with the place of residence and the total grade point average (P>0.05)

The results obtained from this research showed that the content of the end-of-semester virtual exams during the corona pandemic was at an average level from the point of view of the dental students of Babol University of Medical Sciences, therefore, in order to improve the quality of the virtual exams, it is necessary to design programs to increase the information of the professors and the implementing agents of the exam.

Examining students' opinions in order to acquire clinical skills can be considered as one of the activities that facilitate learning in the clinical environment. Therefore, the opinion of students about their professional competence is very important apart from the students. So we were able to study due to the lack of information in this area. Professional qualification and factors related to it in dental students of Babol University of Medical Sciences by self-assessment method.

A self-assessment questionnaire designed based on the chapters of dentistry courses that its reliability was determined and completed by students. After collecting data SPSS22 software was used for data analysis. Chi-square statistical tests, Fisher's exact test and one-way ANOVA test were used, and a significance level of less than 0.05 was considered significant.

This study was conducted on 50 students including 21 men (42%) and 29 women (58%). Students scored the most in the prosthetics section and the lowest in the health section. In general, students' skills were reported to be higher in the restorative department and the lowest in the oral and dental surgery department. No significant relationship was found between the professional competence of dental students and gender

In this study, the level of students' skills in most sections was good from their point of view. It is necessary for dental schools to make constructive changes in learning according to the students' point of view, so that with more encouragement and desire, it will lead to sustainable learning.

Citral (C10H16O) is the main ingredient of Cymbopogon citratus (lemongrass oil) and can reduce the side effects of oxidative stress. Diabetes caused by insulin deficiency induces oxidative stress in the liver. This study aimed to investigate the ameliorative effects of citral on selected oxidative parameters and the gene expression of paraoxonase 1 (PON1) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) in a rat model of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes mellitus. Forty rats were divided into four groups at random: control (C), control citral (CC), and two STZ-induced diabetic groups (diabetic (D) and citral diabetic (CD)). After diabetes confirmation (day 7), gavage treatment with citral (300 mg/kg body weight (BW)) was started in the CD and CC groups and continued for two weeks. On day 21 of the study, following treatment with citral for 14 days, the serum levels of total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and PON1 in the CD group were significantly increased compared to those in the D group (P<0.05). While treatment with citral caused a significant decrease in the Malondialdehyde (MDA), and eNOS in the CD group compared to those of the D group (P<0.001). The expression rate of liver PON1 gene was considerably upregulated in the CD group compared to that in the D group (P<0.001); while the opposite was observed for eNOS gene expression. However, there was no significant difference between the CC and C groups in terms of all examined parameters (P>0.05). This study showed positive effects of citral on serum antioxidant status and liver gene expression of PON1 and eNOS in diabetic rats.

Faculty members are an important member of higher education and have an important role to play in achieving educational goals. Therefore, their interaction with learners is important, such as dental training clinics. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the responsiveness of faculty members of dental school in Babol University of Medical Sciences.

This study was performed on 89 dental students trained in the clinics of Babol University of Medical Sciences in 2019. Data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire using valid scientific sources, including demographic characteristics, and 18 questions about how teachers and students responded on Likert 5 (i.e. excellent to very poor). The content validity index and reliability coefficient were 89.2 and 0.85. Data analyzed by SPSS21 software applying T-test and One-way ANOVA less than 0.05 Significance level.

The highest and the lowest accountability percentages in the excellent category were respectively related to the importance of time in the clinic (38.2%) and attention to student activity during the course (10.1%). These percentages in the good category were related to the response to students' questions (43.8%) And trying to teach poor students in clinical work (23.6%). Also, in the moderate class considering students' performance during the course (37.1%) and the importance of proper student dressing (13.5%). There was no significant difference between gender and place of study (P=0.91). The final year students had a lower score for the teachers (P=0.003). Students were more satisfied with oral, maxillofacial radiology teachers (P <0.001).

Based on the results, it is suggested that the university of medical sciences, authorities implement educational and cultural correspondence for teaching accountability to professors.

This study focuses on the application of Interval type 2 fuzzy logic controller (IT2FLC) in an active tuned mass damper (ATMD) for the purpose of decreasing structural response under different types of earthquake excitations with and without considering Soil-Structure Interaction (SSI) effects. One of the main shortcomings of the type 1 fuzzy logic systems is their inability to consider uncertainty in fuzzy rule base data. Interval type 2 fuzzy logic system has the ability to handle this problem. It also takes into account the uncertainty in loading and structural behavior. To evaluate the efficiency of the proposed control method (Interval type 2 fuzzy logic control method), three realistic shear buildings (five, eleven, and fifteen stories), were used. ATMD was placed on the top floor of the eleven story shear building. These buildings were analyzed under different time history records, including Hachinohe, El Centro and Kern-County earthquakes, as far field ground motions and Coalinga, Kobe and Northridge earthquakes as near field ground motions. The results obtained by the proposed control method were compared with those of uncontrolled structure, structure with tuned mass damper (TMD), and structure with ATMD with type 1 fuzzy logic controller. Numerical results indicated that Interval type 2 fuzzy logic controllers used in ATMD are very effective in reducing the structural response under the effect of different base excitations. The comparison of time history responses for type 1 fuzzy logic controller and Interval type 2 fuzzy logic controller also shows that the displacement response obtained using Interval type 2 fuzzy logic controller is smaller and smoother than, those obtained by type-1 fuzzy logic controller. In the view of the external control force needed to reduce the building response, the magnitude of the control force in Interval type 2 fuzzy logic controller is little more than those needed for type 1 fuzzy logic controller with the average about 8 percent. In case of considering SSI effects, the results show that the soil properties have important effects on the uncontrolled response of the building. In addition, it can be understood from the results that considering SSI can improve the efficiency of ATMD with IT2FLC in the case of suppressing the structural responses.

Remote sensing techniques are known as very useful methods for studying land use management in arid and semi arid areas, where undeveloped soils are dominant. These techniques can be used for determining different environmental characteristics including soil and vegetations. In this study ETM+ band ratios and Principal component analysis (PCA) were used for monitoring of vegetation cover and its disparity in relation to soil characteristics. Neyshabour area was selected as the study area. The results showed that using of vegetation indices and PCA increased regression coefficients for the model. It was also found that when the analysis is restricted to more homogenous areas, the regression coefficients were improved significantly. It was also concluded that it is possible to develop some statistical models for using of ETM+ images for monitoring vegetation cover in arid areas which are covered dispersedly

Efficient use of agricultural wastes due to their recycling and possible production of cost effective materials, have economic and ecological advantages. A biological method used for degrading agricultural wastes is a new method for improving the digestibility of these materials and favoring the ease of degradation by other microorganisms. This research was carried out to study the possible biodegradation of wheat straw by different species and isolates of Trichoderma fungi. Two weeks after inoculation of wheat straw by different isolates, oven drying in 75◦C, the samples were weighted and (Acid Detergent Fiber) ADF and NDF (Neutral Detergent Fiber) reductions of each sample under influence of fungal growth were compared with their controls. The results showed that biodegradation of wheat straw were closely related to fungi species and also its isolates. The Reductions in NDF and ADF of wheat straw by T. reesei and T. longibrachiatum were more pronounced compared to others, although T. reesei was superior in ADF of wheat straw reduction. It is concluded that for improving in digestibility and also shortening the timing of composting process, it is recommended to treat the wheat straw with Trichoderma fungi and especially with T. reesei and T. longibrachiatum that performed well and had excellent efficiencies

Background:

Restenosis after percutaneous revascularization is a troublesome endpoint, and the role of inflammation is well-accepted in the restenosis process. To predict this untoward result, an investigation of acute phase reactants has been applied. In this study, we tried to find the predictive role of pre- and post-intervention C-reactive protein (CRP) levels for clinical restenosis rates in a 6 month follow-up.

Methods:

Having been selected in a non-ranhaomized double-blind clinical trial,seventy-four patients underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for a single non-occlusive coronary stenosis.The plasma CRP level was measured just before the procedur and 24 hours afterwards.Patients with acute MI, multi-vessel PCI, previous PCI or CABG and some other situations that could affect acute phase reactants were excluded.

Results:

There was no significant relation between the pre-intervention CRP level and the restenosis rate or the clinical signs of restenosis (MI, angina pectoris and ECG changes). It was the same for 24 hours post-PCI CRP level; however, the restenosis rate was significantly related to the ratio of CRP levels at pre- and post-PCI (P: 0.004).

Conclusion:

The ratio of pre- and post-PCI CRP levels could have a predictive role for restenosis after PCI