m. zoladl

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is the most common psychological consequence of traumatic events, which is usually accompanied by functional impairment, which is often accompanied by other psychological disorders. The purpose of this study was to investigate the indicators of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in trauma patients referred to the examination department of the General Administration of Forensic Medicine of Fars province.

The present study was a cross-sectional one conducted in the years 2020 and 2021. In the present study, 160 participants were selected accidentally among people who experienced trauma and referred to the forensic medical examination centers in Shiraz. In this study, people with the age of 18 years or more who agreed to participate in the study and who were referred for the purpose of evaluating injuries caused by trauma, were included in the study. In this study, the participants were evaluated using the Trauma Exposure Questionnaire (PCL-5) and DSM-5 post-traumatic stress disorder levels.

In the present study, 160 people referred to the forensic medical examination unit were examined, including 91 men (56.87%) and 69 women (43.12%). Of these, 75 people (46.87%) qualified for PTSD based on ICD-10 criteria. The average age of the subjects was 45.67 ± 11.96 years, the youngest of whom was 18 years old and the oldest was 75 years old. Among the subjects studied, 9 people (12.00%) had a history of drinking alcoholic beverages, 6 people (8.00%) had a history of addiction, and 26 people (34.66%) had a history of smoking. On the other hand, 13 of the participants in this study had a history of visiting psychiatrists and psychologists and taking medication for psychological disorders. PTSD clinical evaluations measured in the studied subjects showed subclinical PTSD in 15 people, clinical form in 31 people, sub-group I PTSD in 7 people, sub-group II PTSD in 13 people, sub-group III PTSD in 6 people and Subgroup IV PTSD was observed in 3 people.

The results of this study indicate a considerable frequency of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in trauma clients referred to the examination department of the General administration of Forensic Medicine in Shiraz. Psychological support for victims of traumatic events is of great importance in order to prevent secondary complications and prevent chronic PTSD in people.

Ducrosia anethifolia DC. Boiss, which belongs to the Apiaceae family, is a biennial plant, stable, dull green or bluish in color, with a height of about 10-30 cm, which is branched and withot fluff in the lower part. This plant has been used in Iranian traditional medicine to relieve pain and relieve inflammation, and its antimicrobial effects against Gram-positive bacteria, yeasts, and some dermatophytes have been reported. In the present study the In-Vitro scolicidal activity of essential oils of Ducrosia anethifolia DC. Boiss on hydatid cyst protoscoleces was investigated.

In the present experimental study was conducted in 2021 on infected sheep cysts collected from Yasuj slaughterhouse. Ducrosia anethifolia DC. Boiss essential oil were obtained and processed in the Medicinal Plants Research Center of Yasuj University of Medical Sciences laboratory. Moreover, the major compounds of plants' essential oils was determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. At that point, the in-vitro protoscolicidal percentage of essential oil of Ducrosia anethifolia DC. Boiss concentrations 10, 5, 2.5, 1.25, and 0.625 mg/ml in durations of 5, 10, 15, and 30 minutes was determined. The collected data analyzed using SPSS software version 21 through descriptive and analysis of variance with repeated measurement as inferential statistics with a 95% confidence level.

The results of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry performed on Ducrosia anethifolia DC. Boiss essential oil indicated that among the major compounds in the above-mentioned plant essential oil, the most compounds were Decanal, Dodecanal, α-pinene and (2E)-Dodecenal.. The results demonstrated that the highest effective concentration for Ducrosia anethifolia DC. Boiss essential oil was 1.25 mg/ml, which caused 100% death of protoscoleces in 5 minutes (p< 0.05).

Ducrosia anethifolia DC. Boiss essential oil has a strong scolicidal effect and if the results of this study are confirmed in future in-vivo studies and its non-toxicity is ensured, it can be used as a protoscolexicidal substance.

Anxiety caused by repeated venipuncture is common in patients with thalassemia in the thalassemia ward. Acupressure is one of the methods used to reduce patients' anxiety. This study aimed to determine the effect of the P6 point acupressure on anxiety caused by venipuncture in thalassemia patients.

This randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted on 80 patients with thalassemia at Shahid Beheshti Hospital in Yasuj city in 2019, who were divided into two intervention and control groups by blocked random allocation. Acupressure intervention was performed at P6 point on the inner side of the arm and in the cavity between the bones of the forearm, above the crease of the wrist. The Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory was used to collect information. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics (independent t-test, paired t-test, and chi-square test) through SPSS 21 software.

There was no significant difference in the state and trait anxiety between the intervention and control groups at the beginning of the study (p>0.05). However, a significant difference was observed in the state anxiety between the intervention and control groups after the intervention (p<0.05), but there was no significant difference in the trait anxiety score between the two groups (p>0.05).

Acupressure reduces trait anxiety caused by venipuncture in thalassemia patients hospitalized to the thalassemia ward, while it does not affect their trait anxiety.

 Sinusitis is the inflammation of the nasal cavity, and Paranasal sinuses occur by pathogen agents such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, or other allergens. This study was aimed to determine the prevalence of positive fungal cultures in patients with chronic sinusitis undergoing functional endoscopic sinus surgery. 

 This experimental study was carried out on 60 patients with chronic sinusitis in 2019. After anesthesia in the operating room, the ENT specialist evacuated the sinuses of patients with chronic sinusitis undergoing sinus endoscopic surgery. After sampling of evacuated sinus tissue of eligible patients and transfer to mycology laboratory, fungal elements were identified using direct smear and culture of the sample on sub-dextrose agar medium. The patient's profiles were recorded. Data were analyzed using SPSS 21 software by the descriptive statistic.

 36 of selected patients with chronic sinusitis were male (60%), and 24 were female (40%) with a mean age of 38.4±11.5 years. Two Candida parapsilosis (3.3%), one Aspergillus flavus (1.7%), and one Aspergillus niger (1.7%) were detected. Therefore, the prevalence of positive fungal cultures in patients with chronic sinusitis undergoing endoscopic sinus surgery was 6.7% in Yasuj, southwest of Iran, in 2019.

 The prevalence of fungal sinusitis is low in patients with chronic sinusitis in Yasuj due to the location of Yasuj in a mountainous region with a cold and dry climate.

Nursing students should be equipped with higher thinking strategies such as metacognitive and lifelong learning skills to make correct decisions in new situations. This study was conducted to compare the effect of different problem-based learning methods on metacognitive skills in nursing students.

In this quasi-experimental study with pretest-posttest design, the subjects were undergraduate students enrolled in the Pediatric Nursing II course at Islamic Azad University in Iran. Ninety-five nursing students were selected by multistage cluster sampling method and divided into Pure Problem-Based Learning (n=30), Hybrid Problem-Based Learning (n=30), and Lecture-Based Method (n=35). The intervention was conducted for eight weeks, during which the participants met once a week. Data were collected using the Metacognitive Awareness Inventory before and after each instructional method and analyzed in SPSS 17 software using the ANCOVA.

A statistically significant difference was observed between the mean scores of overall metacognitive awareness for Pure Problem-Based Learning, Hybrid Problem-Based Learning, and Lecture-Based Method groups (p<0.01) and its sub-scales of knowledge of cognition and regulation of cognition (p<0.001) on the posttest. The mean score of metacognitive awareness for the Lecture-Based Method group was significantly lower than those of the Pure Problem-Based Learning and Hybrid Problem-Based Learning groups (p<0.05).

Both Pure Problem-Based Learning and Hybrid Problem-Based Learning effectively enhance metacognitive skills in nursing students.

Living with children suffering from Attention-Deficit / Hyperactivity Disorder may lead to significant psychological problems such as stress, anxiety, and depression for their parents. For decreasing these problems, using psychological interventions is necessary. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the effect of a parenting education program on depression, anxiety, and stress of mothers with Attention-Deficit / Hyperactivity Disorder children.

The present study was a field  trial study conducted in psychiatric clinics affiliated to Yasuj University of Medical Sciences in 2015. Sixty four mothers who had children with attention-deficit / hyperactivity disorder with moderate to high levels of depression, anxiety, and stress were selected by simple and non-random sampling. The selected samples were assigned based on a randomized block design between two groups of the intervention and control groups. Mothers in the intervention group participated in 8 sessions of parenting training classes based on the Saunders protocol. Mothers in the control group received routine care. Before and one month after the intervention, motherschr('39') depression, anxiety, and stress were assessed using the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS-42(. Data were analyzed using Mann-Whitney Test, Chi-square,  Independent Sample T Test  and Paired Sample T Test.

Participants in the two groups did not differ from each other in terms of demographics variables such as age, sex, education, and age of the mother and child (p> 0.05). The mean scores of depression, anxiety, and stress in mothers in the intervention and control groups before the training program were 19.06, 15.2, 20.8, and 17.8, 16.1, 21.1, respectively. Based on the results of the independent t-test, the difference between the means score between the two groups was not significant (p> 0.05). The mean scores of depression, anxiety, and stress in mothers in the intervention and control groups after the training program were 14.7, 12.5, 16.5, and 18.2, 16.1, 20.5, respectively. Based on the results of the independent t-test, the difference between the means score between the two groups was statistically significant (p <0.05).

Parenting education to mothers of children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder as a non-pharmacological psychological intervention significantly reduced the rate of psychological disorders among them. It is recommended that in the form of holistic medicine and nursing, this method be used to empower mothers who have children with attention-deficit / hyperactivity disorder.

Retinoblastoma (RB) is a malignant retinal tumor, which affects infants and children. This cancer happens through a mutation in the retinoblastoma tumor suppressor genes (RB1). Inactivation of RB1 has been observed in more than 97% of all retinoblastoma patients with mutations. In recent years, RB treatment has developed significantly. RB's treatment methods can be one or a combination of the following treatments, including chemotherapy, non-ionizing, or ionizing radiation. This article aimed to review each treatment method's role and its effectiveness in the treatment of RB. Several articles from 2004 to 2020 were reviewed in PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Scopus, based on the RB treatments, of which 73 were selected for this study.

It can be concluded that ionizing and non-ionizing radiation play an important role in treating retinoblastoma. It was also shown that a combination of radiation treatments is more effective than traditional therapeutic methods.
Ionized and non-Ionized radiations can be used as an effective treatment to cure retinoblastoma.

Hypertension is one of the common, chronic, and preventable diseases which lifestyle change is the most important strategy for its prevention and treatment. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of teach back and motivational interview on the blood pressure in hypertensive patients.

In this clinical trial, 81 hypertensive patients in the health centers of Yasuj city in 2018 were selected by purposive sampling method and divided into two intervention groups and one control group through random block allocation (27 people in each group). For one intervention group, 3 teach back sessions were conducted, and for the other intervention group, 5 group motivational interview sessions were performed, while the control group received only the usual care. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure of samples were checked and recorded at the beginning of the study and two months after the intervention.

In post-test, systolic and diastolic blood pressure in teach back group decreased compared to the control group, but this decrease was not significant (p>0.05), while systolic and diastolic blood pressure in the motivational interview group decreased significantly compared to the control group (p<0.05). The difference in systolic and diastolic blood pressure decreases in the motivational interview group was not significant compared to teach back group (p>0.05).

There is no difference between the effect of motivational interview on blood pressure level compared to teach back, but only the effect of motivational interview on the above variable is confirmed.

Hemodialysis, as the most common dialysis method, is a process for removing toxins and fluids, especially uremic wastes from patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Repeated hemodialysis, in addition to numerous social problems, may lead to negative psychological changes, particularly lowering the hope of patients with CKD undergoing hemodialysis. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of spiritual intelligence training on hope of patients with CKD undergoing hemodialysis.

In this randomized clinical trial, 68 patients referring to the hemodialysis ward of Shahid Beheshti hospital in Yasuj, Iran in 2018 were selected by purposive sampling method and assigned into intervention and control groups via random assignment in blocks of 4. In the intervention group, spiritual intelligence training was performed according to the considered protocol, but the control group received usual care and treatment. Research tools included the demographic information questionnaire, Integrated Spiritual Intelligence Scale (ISIS) by King, and the Snyder's hope scale. Data were analyzed by SPSS 21 software using Chi-square test, independent t-test and paired t-test.

At the baseline, there was no significant difference between the intervention and control groups in terms of spiritual intelligence and hope (p>0.05). After the intervention, the hope level in the intervention group (20.82±3.21) compared with the control group (18.03±3.41) significantly increased (p<0.05).

Spiritual intelligence training increases the hope of patients with CKD undergoing hemodialysis.

Anxiety among medical students is a major psychological problem and in the newest meta-analysis, its global prevalence rate is estimated to be 33.8%. Accordingly and since spiritual intelligence training can affect to resolve fundamental issues and enhance individuals' adaptability, therefore the aim of this study was to determine the effect of spiritual intelligence training on the anxiety of medical sciences students.

In this randomized clinical trial in 2016, 50 students from Yasuj and Larestan Universities of medical sciences-Iran were selected using purposive sampling method and divided into intervention and control groups with the equal members through random block allocation of 4. While the control group did not receive any intervention, the spiritual intelligence training accomplished for the intervention group. At the beginning of the study and one month after intervention, the trait and state anxiety of students were measured using Spielberger state-trait anxiety inventory. Data were analyzed using SPSS 21 software, through Chi-square test, independent t-test, and paired t-test.

At the beginning of the study, there was no significant difference between the intervention and control groups regarding the amount of the trait and state anxiety (p>0.05). One month after the intervention, the amount of the trait and state anxiety in the intervention group was significantly less than these amounts in the control group, as well compared to these amounts at the beginning of the study (p<0.05).

The spiritual intelligence training causes a decrease in the trait and state anxiety of medical sciences students.

Among different treatments for obesity, sleeve gastrectomy has been more effective. Despite the positive effect of this surgery on the treatment of obesity, sleeve gastrectomy, like other invasive interventions, results in an imbalance in hemodynamic parameters. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of gradual mobilization with bed activity on hemodynamic parameters in patients undergoing sleeve gastrectomy.

In this randomized clinical trial, 88 patients candidate for sleeve gastrectomy in Ghadir Mother and Child Hospital affiliated to the Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, who were eligible, were selected by convenience sampling method and divided into the intervention and control groups (44 subjects in each group) using random block allocation. Hemodynamic parameters, including systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and arterial oxygen saturation of all patients were recorded at the time of admission to the ward immediately, 6, 12 and 24 h after withdrawal from the bed. Data were analyzed by SPSS 21 software and descriptive and inferential statistics.

The changes of hemodynamic parameters in the intervention group were significantly different at each time point of measurement after the interventions compared to these changes in control group (p<0.05).

The effect of gradual mobilization with bed activity is more than the conventional procedure for patients’ mobilization after gastrectomy on balancing of systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and arterial oxygen saturation.

Asthma is one of the common, chronic respiratory diseases which psychological factors play an important role in it and comorbidities of several psychological disorders such as anxiety, depression, and panic attacks are common in asthmatic patients. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of hypnosis on pulmonary function and severity of the disease in asthmatic patients.

This randomized clinical trial study, was carried out on 64 asthmatic patients, who referred to the clinic of Shahid Mofattah in Yasuj, Iran in 2010. The subjects were selected by purposeful sampling method, and randomly assigned into the tow group of the intervention (subjects were treated by solo hypnosis in a 90-minute session and conventional treatments) and control group (subjects were treated by conventional treatments, in addition, providing an explanation about requirement care point for improvement of asthma in 15 minutes) by use of balanced block randomization. In addition to completing demographic information at the beginning of the study, determination of pulmonary function and asthma severity were conducted respectively through measurement of FEV1 and NAEPP classification (EPR-3) at the starting point of the study and one month after the completion of the research intervention. Data were analyzed using SPSS 21 software, through independent sample t-test, paired sample t-test, Chi-square test, and marginal homogeneity test.

one month after completing the research intervention, the FEV1 in the intervention group increased than the control group and the severity of asthma in the intervention group decreased than the control group.

Hypnosis as an adjuvant treatment is effective in the improvement of pulmonary function and reducing the disease severity in asthmatic patients.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of individual psychotherapy with a focus on self-efficacy on quality of life in patients with thalassemia major.

In this randomized clinical trial study in 2016, among patients with thalassemia major referring to Cooley's anemia ward of Shahid Rajaie Hospital in Gachsaran, Iran, 50 eligible patients were selected by convenience sampling method. They were assigned in intervention (n=25) and control (n=25) groups by quadratic block randomization. Each of 50 subjects signed the informed written consent. Demographic questionnaire and 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) were used as the research tool. The data were analyzed by SPSS 21 software, using Chi-square test, independent T-test, and the Mann-Whitney U test.

One month after the intervention, the scores of the Physical Component Summary (2461.8±15.7) and the Mental Component Summary (1873.0± 21.6) in the intervention group were significantly higher than the same scores (2283.2±279.8) and (1712.6±270.5) in the control group (p<0.05). At this time, the score of all Health Domain Scales of SF-36 Health Survey in the intervention group were higher than the same scores in the control group. These differences were significant except for the Role-Physical and Bodily Pain (p<0.05). 

Individual psychotherapy with a focus on self-efficacy is effective on increasing quality of life of patients with thalassemia major.

One of the side effects of chemotherapy is fatigue. This study was carried out with the aim of determining the effect of intervention based on 5A self-management model on the fatigue severity of patients with cancer under chemotherapy.

In this randomized clinical trial conducted in 2016, 48 patients with cancer under chemotherapy, who were referred to Chemotherapy Center of Shahid Motahari Clinic of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, were selected, using purposive sampling method, and then, divided to experimental and control group with the equal number, using block random allocation. While control group received routine treatment and care related to chemotherapy, 5A self-management model was applied for experimental group. The data gathering tool consists of a demographic questionnaire and Multidimensional fatigue inventory (MFI). The data were analyzed by SPSS 21 software.

Immediately after research intervention, the fatigue severity in the intervention group(43.4±6.9) was less than this amount in the control group (46.8±12.9), but 3 months later, the fatigue severity in the control group (34.7±10.1) was more less than this amount in the intervention group (41.9±4.8; p<0.05). In the intervention group, the fatigue intensity immediately and 3 months after the end of the research intervention was significantly lower than the starting point of the study. In the control group, the fatigue severity decreased significantly 3 months after the end of the intervention, compared to starting point of the study and immediately after the intervention.

5A self-management model decreases fatigue severity of patients with cancer under chemotherapy in the intervention group.

Today, due to the failure of non-surgical methods in the treatment of obesity, surgical procedures such as sleeve gastrocetomy are used. Similar to other invasive interventions, sleeve gastrectomy causes an imbalance in hemodynamic parameters. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of early mobilization on hemodynamic parameters in patients undergoing sleeve gastrectomy.

The present study is a clinical trial that was conducted in Shiraz in 2016. 88 patients were selected by convenience sampling method and divided into intervention and control groups, using randomized block design. Hemodynamic parameters including systolic and diastolic blood pressure and arterial oxygen saturation were recorded at the time of entering the ward, 6, 12, and 24 hours after departure. T-test, Mann-Whitney, Chi-square, repeated measures ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis, Friedman test, and SPSS 21 software were used.

The changes in systolic and diastolic blood pressure in the intervention group at each time interval after intervention were significantly different from that of the control group (p>0.05). Also, changes in arterial oxygen saturation in the intervention group except for the early mobilization, at other times compared to their starting point, were significantly different in comparison to the control group (p>0.05).

The effect of early mobilization is greater compared to the conventional procedure of mobilization for the patients after sleeve gastrectomy surgery in the systolic and diastolic blood pressure and arterial oxygen saturation.

Coughing is one of the most common clinical complaints in pediatric medicine. Since caffeine, as a central nervous system stimulant from methylxanthine, inhibits tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα) and leukotriene synthesis and reduces inflammation and initiates the immune process, the aim of this study was to determine the effect of caffeine on coughing in children aged 3-36 months.

In this randomized clinical trial study in 2015, among children referred to the Shahid Mofateh Pediatric Clinic of Yasuj, 120 children aged 3-36 months with coughing due to bronchiolitis, lower respiratory viral disease, increased airway sensitivity, or moderate persistent asthma were selected by convenience sampling method. They were assigned in intervention (reciving salbutamol and caffeine) and control (reciving salbutamol alone) groups by quadratic block randomization. In addition to completing demographic information at the beginning of the study, data on daily and nocturnal cough at the beginning of the study, 48 hours, 1 week, and 2 weeks after starting the drug were recorded. The data were analyzed by SPSS 21 software, using Mann-Whitney test, Chi-square or Fisher's exact test, generalized estimating equation, Friedman, and Wilcoxon statistical tests.

Daily cough and nocturnal cough significantly decreased in the intervention group at 48 hours, 1 and 2 weeks after beginning the treatment (p<0.05).

Prescription of caffeine with salbutamol is effective in accelerating improvement of cough in children.

The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the effect of passive movements on hemodynamic parameters, including systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial pressure, pulse, and pulse pressure of patients under ventilation.

In this controlled clinical trial, 64 patients under ventilation in Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad University of Medical Sciences and Health Services and Shiraz University of Medical Sciences were selected by convenience sampling method. They were assigned to experimental (32 people) and control (32 people) groups, using random block assignment. The experimental group, in half supine position at 30°, received passive movements of the lower extremities, according to the protocol, by a therapist for 22 minutes. Then, the values of hemodynamic parameters were recorded after 22 minutes and at intervals of 2, 6, 12 and 24h after the post-test, as follow-up times. Data were analyzed by SPSS 21 software, using independent t-test, Chi-square test and repeated measure of variance analysis.

In hemodynamic parameters of the experimental group in each time interval, including immediately, 2 hours, 6 hours, 12 hours, and 24 hours after the completion of the research interventions, compared with their amount at the starting point of the study, and in comparison with these changes in the control group, there was no significant difference (p>0.05).

Passive movements of lower extremity have no effect on hemodynamic parameters, including systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial pressure, pulse, and pulse pressure of patients under ventilation.

Introduction and

Ig E –mediated allergy to protein of natural rubber ‎latex is an important global health problem. Because specific immunity status of ‎children and adolescents with renal failure, possible exposure to other cross-‎reactive allergens specially pollen and trees, their exposure to frequent ‎hemodialysis and use of gloves, catheters and other equipment containing latex, ‎this study was aimed to determine prevalence of latex allergy in children and ‎adolescents under 18 years old who treat with hemodialysis in hospitals of Shiraz ‎University of Medical Sciences -2006.‎

In this descriptive cross-sectional study, reaction of 68 ‎participants to scratch skin test (Prick) with standard latex extract, previous ‎history about sensitivity and their demographic characters were analyzed by ‎SPSS.win 11 software with using descriptive and inferential statistic such as ‎proportion test, independent t-test and Chi-square.‎

Finding showed that one of the seven subjects (14.7%) has positive ‎reaction to latex. Proportion test indicated that this prevalence rate was higher ‎than the normal population sensitivity rate (P =0/001).

With respect to results, researchers suggest that the exact history ‎taking and the necessary latex allergy tests must do in this high risk group to ‎prevent damage and possible side effects. Also, for reduce of sensitivity of latex, ‎we recommend that protein component of the gloves, the catheter and other ‎used equipment containing latex has decreased by Chlorination, Autoclaving ‎and use of Proteolytic enzymes or Nonionic surfactants such as Polyethylene ‎glycol ‎‏.‏