mahdi basiri moghadam

Motivation in education and learning are significant challenges in clinical education. This study aimed to determine the relationship between clinical education status and academic motivation among clinical-stage medical students Gonabad University of Medical Sciences.

This cross-sectional study was conducted with 198 medical interns and residents at Gonabad University of Medical Sciences during the academic year 2021-2022 using a census method. Data collection tools included the Clinical Education Status Questionnaire and the Harter Academic Motivation Questionnaire. Descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) were used to describe the participants' status, and data were analyzed using independent t-tests, Pearson, and Spearman correlation tests.

The mean score for clinical education status among interns was 51.93 ± 16.56, while for residents, it was 12.93 ± 08.12. The mean score for academic motivation among interns was 102.07 ± 11.30, and for residents, it was 100.07 ± 11.54. Overall, the clinical education status averaged 93.31, indicating a relatively moderate level and Academic motivation averaged 101.05 ± 11.44, indicating a high level, with a significant correlation observed between clinical education status and academic motivation (r = 0.454).    

Given the weakness in the clinical education status, as well as the direct relationship between clinical education status and academic motivation, it is recommended that university officials, particularly in the educational and clinical departments, focus on special attention and planning to improve the clinical education status at the university.

Health-related behaviors of patients with myocardial infarction (MI) are highly affected by their illness perceptions, and education is one of the ways to enhance illness perception. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to compare the effect of multimedia and telephone education on illness perception in patients with MI after discharge.

Methods & Materials: 

A randomized clinical trial was conducted on 32 patients with MI who were discharged in 2019-2020 in Gonabad and Mashhad. The samples were selected by the convenience sampling method and randomly assigned to the multimedia or telephone groups. The educational content was similar for both groups, and was provided as a conversation for the telephone group, and as video, audio, and image for the multimedia group. The Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (Brief. IPQ) was completed by the patients on the first day and the sixth week after discharge. Data were analyzed through the SPSS software version 20 using Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, independent t-test, Paired t-test and Levene's test, at a significance level of P<0.05.

The results showed that the average score for the components of illness perception after the intervention compared to before the intervention in the both groups had a significant increase (P<0.05), but no significant difference was observed in the comparison between the two groups (P>0.05).

Both multimedia and telephone training methods improve illness perception in the patients. Therefore, the trainer is suggested to choose the type of training according to individual differences and facilities of the recipient, and health managers should apply appropriate policies for patients with MI to benefit from telenursing care after discharge.

Cognitive disorders are one of the most important disorders occurring among the elderly. The present study was designed to evaluate the effect of Golghand consumption on the cognitive status of the elderly people with mild cognitive impairment.

In this randomized clinical trial study, 70 elderly people aged 60-75 years after completing the demographic, elderly depression and brief cognitive status questionnaires in several stages and random allocation were divided into two groups of intervention and control. The intervention group used Golgand potion once a day for one month. At the end of the post-test questionnaire was completed for both groups. The data were analyzed with independent t and paired t statistical tests with significance level of less than 0.05.

The mean and standard deviation of the cognitive status score in the experimental group before and after the intervention was 22.57 and 26.17, respectively. The same in score in the control group was 22.65 and 22.66, respectively. The cognitive status scores increased significantly in the intervention group. (P = 0.027), but no significant difference was observed in the control group (P = 0.865). The results also showed a significant increase in the cognitive status scores in the dimensions of orientation, attention, calculation and recall of the questionnaire in the experimental group in the posttest phase (P < 0.05).

According to the present study, Golghand increased cognitive status scores in the intervention group, which indicates the improvement of mild cognitive impairment in the elderly people and the prevention of Alzheimer's diseases.

Headaches are a side effect of nitrates that limits the use of this drug in some patients. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of aromatherapy and lavender essential oils on the prevention of headache induced by infusion of Nitroglycerin in cardiac care units.

In this randomized clinical trial, 45 patients with heart disease were selected by convenience sampling and randomly assigned into 3 groups. In the intervention groups (roses and lavender), as soon as the infusion of nitroglycerin was started, cotton submerged in 3 drops of the essential oil was inhaled for half an hour and no aromatherapy was used in the control group. The frequency of headache was measured by using visual analogue scale at 90 minutes after aromatherapy. In case of headache in any of the groups, usual treatment of headache, acetaminophen tablet 325 mg, was used. This was also recorded in the patient's checklist. Data were analyzed by SPSS at the significant level of 0.05.

The frequency of headache during the study period was not statistically significant in the three groups. However, the amount of acetaminophen used to relieve headache in the rose group was less than the control and lavender groups significantly.

Aromatherapy with rose and lavender essential oils may reduce the headache caused by infused nitroglycerin. Therefore, it is recommended to be considered as one of the effective treatments.

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of continuous care model application on body mass index (BMI) and lifestyle of middle-aged obese.

105 obese middle-aged were selected and assigned randomly to two groups. The data were collected using a meter, scale, and Walker health promotion lifestyle questionnaire (HPLP II). participants completed the questionnaire before undergoing the intervention, one, two, and three months after the intervention.

There was no significant difference between the experimental and control groups before the intervention considering all of the studied variables. However, a significant difference was observed between groups after the intervention in terms of lifestyle dimensions and obesity control performance.

Considering the results of current study, the continuous care model can be effective for improving the lifestyle and health of middle-aged obese. Therefore, this model is recommended as a framework to design an overweight and obesity prevention plan.

Despite numerous treatments, head lice are still a health problem, especially in female students. In this study, the effect of topical application of Allium Sativum and Mentha Pulegium on the severity of head lice infection has been investigated.

A multi-stage randomized clinical trial study was performed on 120 female primary and secondary school students with head lice in Gonabad. After obtaining written consent from parents and oral consent from students, a demographic questionnaire and a checklist were completed. One group was given a decoction Allium Sativum and Mentha Pulegium and the other group was given 4% dimethicone lotion twice a week. Evaluation was made before, 7 days and 14 days after the intervention.

The severity of lice infection during the interventions in both groups decreased significantly (P=0.001), but the frequency of severity of infection before, 7 days after and 14 days after intervention was not statistically significant in the two groups.

Our findings suggest that both Allium Sativum and Mentha Pulegium can be used for the treatment of head lice infection.

Fasting before surgery is a necessity, but prolonged fasting can lead to serious complications such as decreased perfusion and organ dysfunction. Considering the importance of normal renal function in surgery, the aim of this study was to determine the relationship between fasting duration before urological surgery and postoperative renal function.

This cross-sectional study was done on 105 patients under urological surgeries. Samples were selected using available target-based method. For each patient, the fasting duration were completed. To measure kidney function before and 24 hours after surgery, serum levels of creatinine (Cr), urea, and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) were determined. Data were analyzed using, paired t test and Pearson correlation coefficient via SPSS software.

In this study, 105 patients participated who were candidates for urological surgery with a mean age of 52.30 ± 17.06 years. The mean preoperative fasting duration was 15.22 ± 3.70 hours. There was a significant increase in the amounts of serum Cr, BUN, and urea levels after surgery. There was a significant positive relationship between fasting duration and serum Cr, BUN, and urea levels after surgery.

According to the results of this study, there is a relationship between prolonged fasting and renal function. Therefore, special attention of health care providers on the strict implementation of preoperative fasting standards can lead to improved postoperative patient outcomes.

Hemodialysis is a common treatment for end-stage renal failure, and cannulation causes considerable pain. Topical lidocaine gel and aromatherapy as a complementary medicine are used to relieve the pain. Aromatherapy is associated with fewer side effects than medication, so, the present study was conducted to compare the effect of aromatherapy with Salvia officinalis and topical lidocaine gel on pain intensity during insertion of vascular needles in patients undergoing hemodialysis.

A clinical trial with before and after study design was conducted. Sampling was done using convenience sampling and 23 patients were selected and studied at three stages: pre-intervention, intervention I (topical lidocaine gel 2%, 2 mll or 2 gr in an area of 5 cm2 over the fistula), and intervention II (aromatherapy with 3 drops of leaf extract of S. officinalis 10%). Pain intensity was measured by visual analogue scale and data were analyzed in SPSS V 14.5 applying repeated measures ANOVA.

Mean scores for pain intensity were 6.09±1.28, 4.30±2.36, 4.13±1.98 at pre-intervention, intervention I, and intervention II phases, respectively. LSD Post-Hoc test showed significant differences in mean scores for pain intensity between pre-intervention and the two intervention phases (P<0.001), while these phases were not found to be significantly different in mean scores for pain intensity (P=0.7).

According to this study, the aroma of S. officinalis could be used in reducing pain before insertion of vascular needles in patients undergoing hemodialysis.

Nursing students' education about mechanical ventilation issues is very important in preventing unwanted and risky complications due to improper use of ventilator for patients. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the effect of online simulator with lecture training on students' satisfaction and performance in mechanical ventilation.

This quasi- experimental study with two groups design was conducted in 2019 on 48 nursing students of 7 semester affiliated with nursing and midwifery college of Birjand University of Medical Sciences. Samples were selected by convenience method and divided into two groups by blocking method. Data collection tools included demographic information form, teacher dignity questionnaire and performance evaluation checklist. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS software version 22 and descriptive and inferential statistics such as Chi-square, Wilcoxon, independent t-test and Mann-Whitney at the significant level less than 0.05.

The results showed that the online simulator group after the intervention had higher satisfaction score and 10 days after the intervention had higher performance score than the lecture group (P <0.001). Also, 10 days after the intervention, the average duration of scenario implementation in the online simulator group was significantly less than the lecture group (P = 0.01).

Based on the findings of the present study, the use of an online simulator can be considered as a new method for training mechanical ventilation

In the field of health, procrastination is a relatively new but important issue. Most studies on procrastination deal with academic procrastination while no study, to the best of our knowledge, is available regarding the issue of health-related procrastination. Therefore, the present study was conducted to discover the attributes, causes, and outcomes of the health-related procrastination in nurses.

This conventional, qualitative, content analysis was conducted on 13 nurses (including 5 males and 8 females with a mean age of 34.76 years) from academic hospitals affiliated with Iran University and Gonabad University of Medical Sciences using a purposive sampling technique. The data were collected from October 2016 to December 2017 through face-to-face semi-structured interviews and field notes.

The attributes of procrastination included a gap between intention and action, illogical delays, and delays in doing health tasks. The factors included present-biased and comfort over hardship preferences, risk taking, avoidance behaviors, selfsatisfaction, inner tendencies, the nursing job, the nature of the problem, and beliefs. The outcomes included psychological, physical, and social problems.

The results of this study provided an in-depth understanding of the concept of health-related procrastination. Thus, the findings can help design health education interventions and promote nurses’ health.

Aims Chronic musculoskeletal pain is among the major problems of old age. An effective nursing intervention in relieving pain is the use of local herbal ointments. The present study evaluated the effect of purslane ointment on chronic musculoskeletal pain in the elderly. Methods & Materials This was a randomized, blinded clinical trial study and conducted in 2018, on 60 elderly residents of Gonabad City, Iran. The patients were recruited by convenience sampling method. The samples were randomly assigned to the purslane and placebo groups. The instrument used in this study was McGill pain questionnaire; its validity and reliability were confirmed in previous studies. The intervention was conducted for two weeks. The obtained data were analyzed by SPSS and at a significance level of P<0.05. Findings The collected results suggested that the purslane ointment could effectively reduce the sensory and emotional dimensions of pain, compared with placebo. The severity of pain in the elderly was significantly lower in the purslane group after two weeks of intervention, compared to the Pre-test phase. The mean score of pain in two sensory and emotional dimensions was not significantly different between the two genders. Conclusion The use of purslane ointment is effective in reducing musculoskeletal pain in the elderly; therefore, the use of this plant can be considered as a safe and cost-effective intervention by nurses.

Procrastination is associated with many negative consequences which can have an effect on both physical and mental health while little attention is paid to health-related procrastination (HRP). Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the prevalence of HRP and its related factors among nurses. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 400 nurses working in educational hospitals affiliated with Iran and Gonabad University of Medical Sciences. These nurses were selected employing multi-stage sampling method in 2018. The data were collected by a highly reliable researcher-made HRP questionnaire. Finally, the data were analyzed using SPSS software, version 14.5. Based on the results, 14.86% and 15.36% of the nurses were high and low health-related procrastinators, respectively. In addition, the health status of the nurses decreased by increasing the HRP levels (P < 0.001). There was a statistically significant relationship between HRP and the place of habitation (P = 0.009), employment status (P = 0.013), and one’s satisfaction with his/her economic status (P = 0.013). However, no significant relationship was found between variables such as age (P = 0.18), gender (P = 0.9), marital status (P = 0.73), level of education (P = 0.69), work shift (P = 0.47), position (P = 0.51), type of working ward (P=0.61), underlying disease (P = 0.90), work experience (P = 0.25), and number of children (P = 0.22). In general, the results revealed that HRP is less common among nurses compare to other individuals in society. Therefore, improving the health status of the nurses necessitates planning and performing several actions in order to reduce HRP.

Diarrhea is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality in children in developing countries after respiratory infections. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of simultaneous consumption of rice soup and Oral Rehydration Salt on weight gain and blood factors in 8-24 months old children with acute diarrhea. This study is a controlled clinical trial which was done on 40 children 8 to 24 months old with acute diarrhea hospitalized in the pediatric ward in 22th Bahman hospital, Gonabad in 2013 who were selected using simple sampling method. Subjects were assigned into control and intervention groups using random allocation. The weight gain rate and blood factors including creatinine, urea, hemoglobin, hematocrit, bicarbonate and pH were studied and compared before and after intervention. Data was analyzed using SPSS 14.5 software using Chi-square, independent T and Mann-Whitney tests. There was no significant difference between two groups in terms of blood factors such as creatinine, urea, hematocrit, pH and bicarbonate before and after intervention. Also the reduction in hemoglobin was not significant between two groups, but the reduction in urea and creatinine in intervention group was more than control group. The mean of weight gain in the first and second 24hours had significant difference between two groups and it was higher in intervention group rather than control group. Rice soup consumption is caused more weight gain in treatment of children with acute diarrhea. The rice soup has no effect on blood factors except urea and creatinine in children with acute diarrhea as well.

Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) is a common cardiovascular disease. In patients with this disease, symptom management is performed both pharmacologically and non-pharmacologically. One of the non-pharmacologic symptom management interventions is chest local heat therapy. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of chest local heat therapy on physiologic parameters in patients with ACS. We conducted this randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial in 2013—during six months in Cardiac Care Unit of 22 Bahman hospital in Gonabad, Iran. In this study, we randomly allocated 66 patients with ACS to two placebo and experimental groups. Patients in the experimental and control groups received chest local heat therapy by using a hot pack warmed to 50°C and 37°C respectively. Local heat therapy was administered for four 23-minute sessions in the anterior part of the chest. The levels of patients’ heart rate, respiratory rate, arterial blood pressure and blood oxygen saturation were measured both before and after the intervention. Data collection tools consisted of a demographic questionnaire and a data sheet for recording physiologic parameters. Data were analyzed by using SPSS 16 software and descriptive and inferential statistical tests. there was no significant difference in the two groups before and after the intervention in terms of systolic and diastolic blood pressure as well as heart rate. However, in compare with before the intervention, systolic and diastolic blood pressure in the experimental group were decreased significantly (p<0.05). Moreover, before the intervention, there was no significant difference in the two groups in terms of respiratory rate and oxygen saturation. However, after the intervention, respiratory rate in the experimental group in compare with before the intervention and placebo group were decreased significantly and oxygen saturation was increased significantly (p<0.05). The study findings confirmed the effectiveness of local heat therapy in improving physiologic parameters in patients with ACS.

Menopause is a sign of the end of the reproductive capacity of women that It is caused by the permanent cessation of ovarian function and it Is a gradual process that Occurs for many women between the ages of 47 and 55 years, It has numerous side effects. This study was conducted to determine the age of natural menopause and compare The incidence of its complications in menopause transition stages in women from Gonabad city. This study is a cross-sectional study that was conducted in 1389 on the 398 women aged 40-55 from Gonabad city, Sampling was a stratified random. Inclusion criteria included: willingness to participate in the study - aged between 40-55 years - residing in Gonabad city, lack of physical illness, mental therapy, surgical removal of ovaries and uterus and no history of artificial menopause. The research instrument was a standard questionnaire (Greene Climacteric Scale). Data were analyzed by using spss software version 14 and Descriptive statistics, chi-square, t-student, ANOVA and Pearson Test. The level of statistical significance was p<0. 05. The results showed that 61. 3% subjects were married, 3% unmarried, 2% divorced, 31. 9% widows. The mean of weight was 61. 94 ± 10. 15, height 158. 31 ± 5. 6 cm, and BMI 24. 65 ± 3. 77. 30. 2% were living in urban and 69. 8% in rural areas. 95. 2% were housewives, 1. 8 workers, 2. 3% employee, 0. 3% retired and 0. 5% domestic jobs. The mean of age 47. 43 ± 4. 37 years, Menarche age 13. 56 ± 1. 56 years and age of last menstrual period 45. 93 ± 3. 66 years. 10. 3% subjects had a last menstrual Age less than 40 years and 89. 7% more than 40 years. In the present study, the mean and median age of menopause was achieved 69/3 ± 34/46 و 4765. 2% menopause women had at least one of the early complications of menopause. Nervousness was the most common complications of menopause (56%) and dizziness was lowest complication (20. 4%). In pre-menopausal group, nervousness and headache, in Peri menopausal group joint pain and hot flashes, and in post menopausal group hot flashes and joint pain, respectively, as the most common side effects were reported. Age of menopause in this study is lower than other studies and early complications of menopause were high. With proper planning in order to correct the modifiable factors can increase the Age of natural menopause and reduce complications caused from it.

Neonates with lower hemoglobin and hematocrit are more at risk of iron deficiency anemia. This rate is influenced by several factors. Children's health can be improved by identifying these factors and taking appropriate actions. This study determined the relationship between type of delivery and umbilical cord blood hemoglobin and hematocrit.

This descriptive correlational study was performed on full-term neonates born in 22-Bahaman hospitals in Gonabad, Iran, during 2011. The sample size was determined based on previous studies and means comparison. Purposeful sampling was used to select 90 cases of normal delivery and 90 cases of caesarean section. Cord closure time was similar in both groups. Umbilical vein blood samples were sent to the specific laboratory for hemoglobin and hematocrit to be measured. The data was analyzed by t-test, Fisher's exact test, Pearson's correlation and analysis of variance (ANOVA) at a significance level of 5% in SPSS16.

Our results showed that the mean of hemoglobin in normal delivery and caesarean section cases were 15.11 ± 1.38 and 13.88 ± 1.52, respectively. The difference between the two values was statistically significant (P < 0.001). There was a significant difference between the mean of hematocrit in normal delivery (43.64 ± 4.58) and caesarean section (40.73 ± 4.53) groups (P < 0.001). The results showed a significant difference between hemoglobin and hematocrit levels in both sexes, i.e. the levels were higher in boys (P = 0.01).

Umbilical cord blood hemoglobin and hematocrit in neonates of caesarean section were less than those with normal delivery. Therefore, the first group is more at risk of iron deficiency anemia. Development and promotion of safe vaginal delivery are recommended to avoid unnecessary complications of cesarean section. Moreover, iron deficiency anemia should be followed and treated in cesarean section cases.

Breastfeeding has the main role in the health of mothers and infants, and the instruction of mothers is essential in this context. This project aimed at comparing the effectiveness of instructional environment (Hospital versus Home) and other related factors to breastfeeding of mothers in hospital with home in Gonabad city. In this quasi-experimental study, the research sample included 162 mothers who were admitted to 22 Bahman hospital of Gonabad, they were residents of Gonabad and were divided into two groups randomly. One group was instructed with instructional package of film in hospital and another group was instructed by the same package at home. The data were analyzed through SPSS software version 11.5 applying descriptive statistics, independent t-test and ANOVA at the 0.05 level of significance. The results of this research showed that the highest percentage of research units constitute mothers who were 30-45 years of age (40.7%), were residents of the city (74.7%), had a personal house (75.9%) and had more than one child (55.6%). After instruction, there were significant statistical differences between the averages of total grades of breastfeeding function of mothers on the basis of location of residence (p<0.001), location of instruction (p=0.04), education (p=0.006) and age (p=0.01) so that breastfeeding function was better in mothers who were residents of the city, were instructed at home, had higher education and were older. The results showed that instructional package of WHO film at home had more effects on breastfeeding function of mothers in comparison to hospital setting. Mothers were more relaxed at home, complications after delivery decreased and the condition of learning was better.