mahin ahmadian

Academic achievement is considered as one of the main results of the educational system and focusing on factors affecting it is of great importance. The present study was performed with the aim to determine the relationship between handedness and academic achievement in high school students in Sanandaj City, Iran, in 2016.

This was a cross-sectional study the population of which included the high school students of Sanandaj and 2630 pupils were selected from among them. The study tool was the Annette's questionnaire. To measure the academic achievement, the average score of the first semester of the 2016-2017 school year of the students was used. The collected data were analyzed using the SPSS software and descriptive and statistical tests such as the Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests.

Among the samples, 7.7%, 87.4%, 4.9% were left handed, right handed, and of no handedness, respectively. The average score of handedness in the school children was 16.75 ± 11.99 out of 24. There was no relationship between academic achievement and handedness (P = 0.105).

The results suggested that other factors than handedness affect the success and academic achievement of the students.

Phlebotominae sand flies, belonging to Psychodidae family, are very important because some species of them are biological vector of cutaneous and visceral leishmaniasis in Iran. An investigation was carried out in Sanandaj County, west of Iran, to evaluate the fauna, sex ratio, and species combination.
The samples collected using sticky traps from indoors and outdoors of 5 villages in year 2017. The traps were fixed before sunset, and collected at sunrise in the morning of the next day. The collected sand flies preserved in 70% ethanol and mounted, using Puri’s medium, and identified using the keys of Iranian sand flies.
Totally, 907 sand flies comprising Phlebotomus genus (58%) and Sergentomyia genus (42%) were captured. The collected sand flies consisted of: Phlebotomus papatasi, Phlebotomus perfilliwei, Phlebotomus major, Phlebotomus kandellakii, Phlebotomus sergenti, Sergentomyia sintoni, Sergentomyia dentata, Sergentomyia antennata, and Sergentomyia theodori. Phlebotomus papatasi, Sergentomyia dentata and Sergentomyia sintoni were predominant species, respectively.
The high abundance of sand flies especially Phlebotomus papatasi can lead to incidence and prevalence of leishmaniasis disease in this region. So, the complementary studies especially, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) studies are suggested to evaluate the infection rate of Leishmania parasite in sand flies and rodents.

The views and opinions of people at different time, depending on the situation, are changeable. One of the hardest stages of human life which undergoes major changes is studentship period. Many factors can cause changes in students’ perspective regarding field of study and future career. This study aimed to determine the perspective of public health students at Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences about their field of study and career prospects and its related factors.
In this cross-sectional study, 110 public health students of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences who were enrolled in the first semester 2014-2015, were entered the study through census method. The data collection tool was a two-part questionnaire with 18 questions about the attitude of students regarding their education and career prospects and some demographic questions. Collected data were analyzed by SPSS 21 and statistical formulas.
Findings: 85 (3.77%) of the subjects were female and the rest were male. The average age of them was 21.69 ± 1.75. The average score of the students perspectives about their field of study and career prospects was 26.23± 5.84 and 24.57± 6.45 respectively, which represented a negative view toward their field of study and career prospects which were not seen by the analyzed variables of statistical relationship (0.05 The results showed that student's attitudes to their field of study and career prospects are negative. University officials’ attention to this issue seems necessary so by better planning create more confidence in their students.

Internet is one of the world's most popular social media that addiction to it, is rapidly increasing. This study aimed to determine the level of internet addiction and its related factors among students of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences. This cross-sectional study was conducted in the first semester of 2015. 384 students of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences were selected. For data sampling, cluster sampling method was used. Each college was considered as a cluster. Samples from each college were selected randomly. The tool of data collection was a standard questionnaire. The first part of the questionnaire, were demographic questions and the second part of it was the main questions about determination of prevalence of internet addiction. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS version 21and descriptive and analytical statistics formula. 95.1% of the students have filled and returned the questionnaires. The findings of the study showed that 17 students (4.7%) did not have any dependency to Internet. 238 (65.2%) of them had slight dependency, 94 (25.8%) had moderate dependency and 16 (4.4%) of them had severe dependency. There is a significant relationship between internet addiction and gender (p=0.002), marital status (p=0.04), habitat (p=0.02) and having a personal computer (p=0.03). Due to the high level of mild addiction to internet, Workshops on the advantages and disadvantages of using the Internet and next implications of internet dependency for the academic students is suggested.