mahsa khedmatizare

Patient safety is crucial for effective healthcare delivery, and operating rooms (ORs) are among the most hazardous environments in hospitals. Identifying factors that contribute to errors and barriers to reporting them is essential. This study aimed to design and evaluate the psychometric properties of scales measuring factors influencing error occurrence and barriers to error reporting in the OR, as perceived by operating room and anesthesia students in 2022.

This cross-sectional analytical study was conducted in 2022 with 270 operating room and anesthesia students from Alborz University of Medical Sciences. Two scales were developed: one for “factors affecting the occurrence of errors” and another for “barriers to error reporting,” informed by literature review and expert panel insights. The scales underwent evaluation for face, content, and construct validity, as well as reliability assessment.

Following revisions for face validity, the content validity ratio (CVR) and content validity index (CVI) for all items exceeded 0.62 and 0.7, respectively. Exploratory factor analysis revealed four factors for the error occurrence scale: individual factors (8 items), educational-skill factors (6 items), environmental factors (4 items), and managerial factors (4 items). Cronbach's alpha values ranged from 0.79 to 0.90, and McDonald's omega values from 0.7 to 0.87. For the error reporting scale, three factors emerged: legal consequences (11 items), management factors (4 items), and reporting process (4 items). Cronbach's alpha for these factors ranged from 0.86 to 0.95, and McDonald's omega from 0.7 to 0.89.

The developed scales demonstrated acceptable validity and reliability, making them suitable for assessing the factors influencing errors and reporting barriers in ORs from the perspective of operating room and anesthesia students. Addressing these factors can enable educational and medical managers to implement effective strategies to enhance patient safety by reducing errors and improving the reporting process in hospital ORs.

Considering the adverse consequences of domestic violence, it is essential to investigate its amount and associated factors across different countries, populations, and cultures. This study aimed to investigate domestic violence and related factors among medical sciences students during the COVID-19 pandemic in Iran.

In this cross-sectional descriptive study, 847 students at Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Iran, were selected using convenience sampling in 2021. A 60-item questionnaire consisting of three sections was designed and utilized for data collection. The collected data were analyzed with SPSS software, version 26 using descriptive and analytical statistics at a significance level of P≤0.05.

The experience of domestic violence in the participants with a mean score of 30.86±10.31 was at a low level. Among the participants, 8% reported no experience of domestic violence, 89% experienced low levels, and approximately 3% experienced high levels of domestic violence. The supportive and physical factors were the most critical factors related to domestic violence. Experience of domestic violence varied significantly based on students’ marital status, education level, and academic major (P<0.05). A significant direct correlation was found between domestic violence and economic, supportive, psychological and physical factors (P<0.001). 

More than half of the students participating in this study encountered instances of domestic violence, particularly emotional violence, during the COVID-19 period. However, the overall level of domestic violence experienced by them was low. University officials play a crucial role in identifying, providing counseling and implementing comprehensive and multifaceted interventions to prevent and address domestic violence among students, especially during pandemics.

Lack of necessary awareness and misdiagnosis can have serious consequences in dental emergencies, potentially causing irreparable harm to the patient's health. This study aimed to assess dental students' knowledge at Alborz University of Medical Sciences regarding medical emergencies in 2019.

This descriptive, cross-sectional study included all dental students from the 6th to 12th semesters at Alborz University of Medical Sciences (100 students) using a census method. The data collection tool was a questionnaire consisting of three sections: demographic information, the necessity and sufficiency of learning about medical emergencies, and dental students' knowledge of medical emergencies. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS software version 21 and descriptive and analytical statistics at a significance level of P < 0.05.

Out of 100 students, 90 completed the questionnaire. The mean knowledge score of the students was 9.63 ± 2.73, with the highest score being 15. 71.1% of participants agreed that the method of teaching medical emergencies should be changed. Additionally, 86.7% of the students felt the need for retraining in emergencies and how to handle them. There was a statistically significant difference between knowledge scores and the academic semester (P =0.01) and the history of attending cardiopulmonary resuscitation workshops (P = 0.03).

The knowledge of Alborz University of Medical Sciences dental students regarding medical emergencies was poor and unsatisfactory. The findings of this study, consistent with the results of other studies, highlight the necessity of reviewing and revising the curriculum related to medical emergencies in dentistry.

University professors are responsible for educating students academically and developing and enhancing their ethical values. Therefore, they must have a high level of ethical sensitivity. The present study aimed to determine the ethical sensitivity of the faculty members at Alborz University of Medical Sciences.

A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the first semester of the academic year 2020-2021 at Alborz University of Medical Sciences. The research population consisted of all faculty members (N=230) included in the study through a census method. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire assessing ethical sensitivity. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS software version 27 and descriptive and inferential statistics at a significance level of P<0.05.

The mean ethical sensitivity of participating faculty members in this study was 4.36 ± 0.39, which was higher than the average. The examination of the mean dimensions of ethical sensitivity also showed that all dimensions of ethical sensitivity had a higher-than-average mean. The highest mean was for the dimension of "attention and respect for others" with a mean of 4.60 ± 0.44, and the lowest mean was for the dimension of "self-awareness" with a value of 4.06 ± 0.56. A significant relationship was observed between ethical sensitivity and work experience.

The self-assessment score of ethical sensitivity of the participating faculty members in this study was high. Further studies are needed to determine why, despite the high rating of University professors in terms of ethical sensitivity, educational environments, and learners still face ethical challenges.

Compliance with patients’ rights by medical sciences students requires an understanding of the patients’ rights charter. This study aimed to assess the awareness of medical sciences students regarding the patients’ rights charter. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted, involving all final-year medical sciences students at Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Iran (n=370). Samples were selected using convenience sampling, and data were collected through a questionnaire designed to evaluate awareness of the patients’ rights charter. The study included 269 students. The results indicated that over half of the students possessed a moderate level of awareness about the patients’ rights charter. Analysis of specific domains revealed that the right to access services had the highest percentage, while the right to personal autonomy had the lowest percentage of awareness. Furthermore, analysis of variance revealed that medical students exhibited the highest level of awareness. Given the moderate level of awareness among medical sciences students regarding the patients’ rights charter, it is essential to design and implement plans to enhance their understanding of patients’ rights.

Nursing students, as individuals who interact directly with patients, need to have good communication skills, Because effective communication improves and enhances their clinical skills and is essential for successful patient care. The aim of this study was to determine the factors affecting the student-patient relationship from the viewpoints of nursing students of Alborz University of Medical Sciences in years of 2020.

This is a descriptive cross-sectional study in which all 3rd to 8th semester nursing undergraduate students of Alborz University of Medical Sciences were enrolled by census method. Data collection tool was a two part electronic researcher made questionnaire included demographic information questionnaire and assessing the factors affecting the student-patient relationship. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS software version 26 and descriptive statistics.

149 of undergraduate nursing students participated in this study. According to the findings, students identified professional factors with an average of 3/98±0/65 as the most and individual factors with an average of 3/44±0/55 as the least effective factors on their relationship with the patient.

The results of this study showed that based on studentschr('39') perspectives, professional, environmental, clinical, and educational factors are primarily important and then social and individual factors can affect the student-patient relationship. The officials of the educational and medical system, by eliminating the shortcomings that exist in this field, can improve the quality of studentschr('39') education and also improve the quality and quantity of care services provided by students to help patients.

Due to the important role of nursing in the health care system of the country, it is necessary to pay attention to improving the quality of clinical education. This study aimed to determine the status of clinical education and the factors affecting effective clinical education from the perspective of nursing students of Alborz University of Medical Sciences in the year 2020.

This is a descriptive cross-sectional study in which all 3rd to 8th semester nursing undergraduate students of Alborz University of Medical Sciences were enrolled by the census method. Data collection tools included a demographic questionnaire, a questionnaire to assess the status of clinical education ,and questionnaire to evaluate the factors affecting effective clinical education. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS software version 26 and descriptive statistics.

A total of 155 nursing students participated in this study. According to the findings, in the status of clinical education questionnaire, mean scores obtained in the areas of goals and educational program (3.30±0.74) at the moderate level, instructor performance (3.65±0.75) at a good level, dealing with the student (2.92±0.88) at the moderate level, the educational environment (2.75±0.88) was at the moderate level and monitoring and evaluation (3.13±0.98) were at the moderate level. Also, in the questionnaire of factors affecting effective clinical education, mean scores obtained in the areas of student personal characteristics (3.67±0.84), personal characteristics of clinical instructor (3.59±0.92), clinical environment conditions (3.06±1.02), educational planning (3.26±1.02) ,and clinical evaluation (3.05±1.02).

The status of clinical education from the perspective of the students was moderate. Also, the two areas of student personal characteristics and personal characteristics of the clinical instructor are more effective in clinical education. Admitting students based on the capacity of clinical standards, providing welfare educational facilities, determining the duties of instructors and students in teaching hospitals, using modern methods of clinical education, and virtual hospital to improve and enhance the quality of clinical education is necessary.