mahsa zamani

Use of intensive fattening capacity and lessen the dependency of stocks on natural lands is one of the solutions to reduce the pressure on rangelands (overgrazing). This fattening method is one of the important methods to increase red meat production without increasing the number of animals. If the fattening operation is done correctly, the country will not need to import red meat. The aim of this study was to determine the influential factors affecting the acceptance of fattening by pastoralists in the Kaiser area.

The studied area is located 70 kilometers south of Sari city and at the altitude of 1378 meters above sea level. The rangelands of this area are summer grazing lands and are used communally both by villagers and nomads’ herds. This study was conducted by answering the questionnaire items asking from the users, in 2018. A total of 85 questionnaires were distributed among the statistical population. The main variables were determined and the final questionnaires were completed by random sampling in the study area. In these questionnaires, various variables were examined, including socio-economic characteristics of the pastoralists, technical characteristics of the rangelands and other related questions, which were asked in the form of a Likert scale and open questions. The content validity of the questionnaires was determined by professors and experts. Also, in order to calculate the reliability (reliability) of the questionnaire, the pre-test questionnaire was used and the reliability coefficient (Cronbach's alpha) was calculated. To investigate the factors affecting the acceptance / non-acceptance of fattening by rangeland users was used through Logit Model. The logit model parameters were estimated using maximum resolution and Shazam software.

According to the results, about 40% of rangers have welcomed intensive fattening and were ready to change their livestock system. The corrected prediction percentage index of the estimated model is over 83%. This shows a favorable figure and indicates that the estimated model has been able to predict a high percentage of dependent variable values according to explanatory variables. In other words, approximately 83% of respondents correctly were assigned. The results showed that the child education variables, type of exploitation, rangeland level, having a fortune, use of reforestation of farms, duration of manual feeding, the variables of the occupation, knowledge of the benefits of fattening and having a sufficient level of rangeland for animal husbandry are effective factors on willingness of sheep fattening system by pastoralists in Kiasar area. According to the weight elasticity of grazing license variable (-0.67), assuming other factors constant, an increase of one percent in the exploitations with of grazing license reduces the probability of adoption of fattening by 0.67%. On the other hand, an increase of one percent in the area of agricultural land increases the probability of the willingness to fattening by 0.34 percent. In the case of the variable of knowledge about the benefits of fattening, a one percent increase in this variable increases the probability of wanting to fattening by 1.22%.

Therefore, according to the results of research, cultivation of forage plants in agricultural lands and drylands, increasing the awareness of rangers about the benefits of fattening and traditional livestock damage on pastures through holding promotional-educational courses, encouraging incompetent rangers, immigrants and without a grazing license to fattening in addition to supporting organizations related to providing low-interest facilities are operational and scientific solutions to encourage ranchers to fatten in the area.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of socialization on organizational voice with respect to the mediating role of organizational identity and Job Involvement. The research method was applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-survey in terms of method. The sample size was 214 employees of the Mazandaran Police Headquarters and a simple random sampling method was used. The instrument used for data collection was a standard 24-item questionnaire with questions 1 to 6 related to the socialization variable, 7 to 12 related to the organizational voice variable, 13 to 18 related to the organizational identity variable and questions 19 to 24 related to the Job Involvement variable. It was a job. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used to measure reliability and face validity was used to measure validity. Data analysis was performed by structural equation method with SmartPLS2 software. The results showed that socialization has a significant effect on organizational identity and job involvement. Organizational identity and Job Involvement have a significant effect on organizational voice. Socialization also has a significant effect on organizational voice.

The increasing use of social networks is affecting various dimensions of users' health. The purpose of this study is to provide a pattern for promoting social health through the social network Instagram. For this purpose, in the first part of the research, using a qualitative method and conducting a semi-structured interview, various types of use of Instagram were classified and then in the second part, using quantitative method and distribution of questionnaires, the desired relationships were examined. Findings show that more than half of Iranian Instagram users use this network for one to three hours a day and their social health is average (3.022). There is a significant and negative relationship between the rate of use of Instagram and the indicators of social coherence, social contribution and social health. The various types of use of this network can be divided into 9 categories, the results of which show the use of Instagram for entertainment, and immersion have a negative relationship with the index of social adaptation. But using Instagram for learning, employment, and knowledge transfer has a significant and positive relationship with social health. Using Instagram for communication as well as for self-expression has a positive and significant relationship with social integration. According to the findings of this study, the promotion of some social health factors in the individual dimension can be achieved through Instagram, and this issue can be considered by users, officials and policy makers.

The present study aimed to determine the effect of brand personality traits on brand loyalty with respect to the mediating role of compatibility and customer satisfaction in an insurance company in Gorgan, Iran.

This research is applied in terms of purpose and is conducted as a descriptive survey. The statistical population of the study is consisted of all insurance customers in Gorgan. The sample size was 384 persons according to Krejcie and Morgan table and simple random sampling method was used. Data analysis was performed by structural equation method with LISREL software.

The results showed that brand personality traits affect compatibility. Brand personality traits affect customer satisfaction. Compatibility affects brand loyalty. Customer satisfaction affects brand loyalty. Compatibility affects customer satisfaction. Brand personality traits affect brand loyalty.

Today, companies are looking to retain customers. The image of the brand personality in the minds of customers is one of the prominent structures in the formation of brand loyalty in an organization. According to the results, it can be said that brand personality traits improve brand loyalty through compatibility and customer satisfaction.

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between illustration management motivation and Ava behavior with the modulatory role of self-efficacy and self-monitoring of physical education teachers in Golestan province.

This was a descriptive-correlational study that was conducted as a survey. The statistical population of the study included physical education teachers in Golestan province with a volume of 1840 people, of which 318 as a sample using Krejcie-Morgan table and sample method. Simple random sampling was selected. To collect the data, Choi et al. (2015) Imaging Management Motivation Questionnaire, Zuhair and Erdogan Staff Voice (2011), Betz Self-Efficacy (2004) and Choi et al. (2015) Self-Supervision Questionnaire were used to collect data. Data analysis was performed using structural equation modeling with Smart PLS software.

The results of the analysis showed that there was a significant relationship between image management motivation and Ava behavior. Also, there was a significant relationship between image management motivation and Ava behavior with self-efficacy modulatory role, but there was no significant relationship between image management motivation and Avabehavior with self-regulatory moderation role.

Based on the research findings, the variable of motivation of illustration management explains and predicts the behavior of sound, ie increasing the motivation of teachers' illustration management increases their behavior and vice versa.

Nowadays, innovation is the basis of development and survival of social systems; however, materializing it calls for innovative work behavior. The present study intends to investigate into this issue. In order to collect data, 123 employees were selected from among the personnel of Golestan Province Civil Registration Organization. Results of structural equations modeling show that work spirituality and perceived organizational support have positive and significant effect both on member-organization Compatibility and innovative work Behavior. Besides, member-organization compatibility positively and significantly affects innovative work behavior. Moreover, the mediating role of member-organization compatibility in the relation between work spirituality and perceived organizational support, on the one side, and innovative work behavior, on the other, is confirmed. A number of applied suggestions are finally presented.

The present study investigates the relationship between knowledge management and passive defense with respect to the mediating role of information systems integration. The present study was applied in terms of purpose type and descriptive-survey in terms of method. The statistical population of the study is all employees of the police headquarters of Mazandaran province, 480 people. The sample size was 214 according to Krejcie and Morgan table and simple random sampling method was used for sampling. To collect data, Patrick and Sonia (2009) Knowledge Management Questionnaire, researcher-made passive defense questionnaire, Fang et al. (2006) information systems integration questionnaire were used. Data analysis was performed by structural equation method with LISREL software. The results showed that there is a significant relationship between knowledge management and the integration of information systems. There is a significant relationship between the integrity of information systems and passive defense. There is a significant relationship between knowledge management and passive defense. There is a significant relationship between knowledge management and passive defense due to the mediating role of information systems integration.

The purpose of the present study was to determine the effects of physical and observational practices on electromyography features of active muscles in high badminton serve. 30 nonathletic girl students (age 18 – 24 years) randomly assigned to tree physical, observational and combination groups after pre-test. Surface electromyography was done from biceps, triceps and middle part of the deltoid, in the observational group during and in all groups before and after 4 sessions practice. A mixed model of variance analysis was used to analyze data. There was significant decrease between pre and posttest in activity time, mean and peak normalized activity of biceps and deltoid muscles. At neurophysiology point of view, observation will activate a mirror mechanism that leads to facilitation of movement for imitating act.

Self-development, one of the main concepts in the ideological foundations of Islam and research findings in recent decades and about development and human excellence on self-development have been strongly emphasized. Therefore this study has aimed to explain the influence of psychological-behavioral mechanisms of self-development on human capital. The research method was descriptive-correlational and data analysis method was SEM. The study`s population consisted of all the staff and faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences of Tehran University who were126 people from whom and by census methods, 118 valid questionnaires were collected. Self-development of human resources by four questionnaire of Abili and Mazari (2014), including Self-regulation questionnaire (α =0/94), Self-management (α =0/93), Self-leadership (α =0/96), Self-directed learning (α =0/95), and human capital questionnaire of Naderi (2011) with the reliability (α=0/95) were used to collect data. Results showed that self-development and human capital of Personnel was higher than the average. Self-development (r=0/80) has a significant positive correlation (p <0/01) with the human capital and through the dimensions of self-development, self-leadership, self-directed learning and self-regulation has had the ability to predict HC. Structural equation modeling showed that self-development has an impact on knowledge and cognitive skills (γ=0/89), metacognitive skills (γ=0/91) and emotion and communication competencies (γ =0/97).

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) are the most important environmental contaminants all over the world where wide studies have been conducted on their hazards on environment and living organisms; especially human.. The aim of this study was to investigate the quantitative uptake of Phenanthrene’s (as one of the most important PAHs in crude oil) by Salicorniaeuropea and also the effectiveness of crude oil content on normal condition of this plant especially at various concentrations..Matherials and Salicornia plantlets were taken from Eshtehard plant bank which is located in Alborz, Iran. They were transplanted and exposed to various t concentrations of crude oil (4.5-16-27.5-32-36.5 g/kg soil). Spectrophotometery and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy methods were used to determine and identify the phenanthrene uptake in roots and stalks, also the plants’ appearance were checked out.. The highest uptake was at eight mg crude oil, per one g of soil and the least uptake was at 13.75 mg crude oil, per one g of soil. It seems that physical characteristics of crude oil are the main reasons of damages to plant tissue.. Concerning the ability of Salicorniaeuropea to survive in the contaminated areas, it might be suitable that endemic types of this plant would be cultivated in contaminated coast lines..

Migraine is a neurovascular disorder and any interventions improving endothelial function may contribute to its treatment and prevention of vascular complications like ischemic stroke. Yoga has been shown to have several beneficial effects on cardiovascular systems. However, no randomized controlled studies to date have investigated its effects on endothelial function of migraineurs. A total of 42 women patients with migraine were enrolled and randomized into either a Yoga exercise group or a control group. The control group received only medication for 12 weeks and the Yoga group was placed in yoga training program in addition to the same medical treatment. Blood test was given from all patients in order to measure plasma levels intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM) and vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM) after yoga training program. Totally 32 patients were participated in the final analyses (yoga: n = 18, control: n = 14). By analyzing data between yoga and control groups after the treatment period, there was a significant decreased in plasma level of VCAM in yoga group compare with the control group (15.29 ± 2.1 ng/ml vs. 21.70 ± 3.0 ng/ml, P < 0.05), whereas there was no significant difference in ICAM level between groups (19.1 ± 1.8 ng/ml vs. 20.97 ± 1.9 ng/ml P > 0.05). It seems that yoga exercises, as a complementary treatment beside pharmacological treatments, can be potentially an effective way of improving vascular functions in migraineurs.

Crude oil contamination is one of the major concerns for the human health and environment.. The aim of this study was to find the optimal biological methods to remove crude oil contaminants, especially polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), from the soil of the lands around the Tehran Refinery site.. In this study, soil sampling was conducted from five points of the west side of the refinery area through a zigzag sampling method. The soil characteristics were identified in the soil laboratory where PAH contamination was also examined. Advantages and disadvantages of biological, physical, and thermochemical methods of soil treatment were retrieved from the literature. The biological methods were confirmed as the optimum treatment methods which had been more extensively evaluated according to the soil texture, remediated compounds, cost, and timing.. The soil was largely composed of silt and clay (silt:41 - 42%, clay: 40 - 43%, sand: 15 - 18%). The average moisture content of the saturated soil was 12.96%,; average electricity conductivity was 18.64 DSm-1; average pH of the paste was 8.36; and average percentage of organic carbon was 0.19%. Result of the laboratory analysis reported the average content of total nitrogen as 0.026%, phosphorus as 14.3 mg/kg-1 and potassium content as 3.4 mg/kg-1. Content of the crude oil derivatives was less than 0.5 %.. An efficient method for treating the current low level soil contamination around the Tehran Refinery site is phytoremediation, a cost effective method that helps to create beautiful landscapes around the refinery site. Soil vapor extraction (SVE) should be used in large PAH levels (higher than the current rate). Soil washing is the most time-effective method, which is suitable for cases of emergency soil contamination with petroleum..