فصلنامه فرایند مدیریت و توسعه
سال سی و سوم شماره 4 (پیاپی 114، زمستان 1399)

Social responsibility is a mechanism through which organizations are obligated to use their resources to secure the interests of the society and to improve public welfare. The aim of this research is designing a 3D model of social responsibility for public organizations in Iran. In the first step, using Delphi method, collecting experts’ opinions, and taking the national conditions into consideration, a number of components of social responsibility were identified. They consisted of accountability, economics, respect for cultural-social dignity, observing people’s rights, environmentalism, and finally, respect for spirituality, Islamic values, fairness and justice. In the second step, compatibility was established between the degrees of organization’s ethics and its public issues strategies, and the degrees of the impact of each social responsibility items were identified. To analyze the data, fuzzy inference system was employed. Results show that the impact of ethical approach on social responsibility is upward and positive.

An analysis of the international environment of oil industry and its developments shows that the oil industry sector will remain as an essential component of both energy and world economy. However, it will be a quite different environment with different characteristics; meaning, it will be an industry with different technologies, challenges, requirements, opportunities, and players all calling for a change in the business model and corporate-based leading of players on the basis of the environmental changes. One fundamental reform which the National Iranian Oil Company needs to adopt is internationalization in order to adapt to the upcoming environment. A primary step in this regard will be changing the framework of corporate leadership compatible to the market and oil industry domain. The purpose of this article is to present an optimal internationalized model of corporate leadership for the N.I.O.C. based on the grounded theory. Having analyzed the interviews, the final framework was developed. Findings show that the optimal model includes fundamental changes along the macro-corporate leadership and provids a balance between business and non-business goals so that in the long run the best performance can be materialized. To reach this end, internal and external mechanisms of corporate leadership at the N.I.O.C. must be changed. The most important changes in the internal mechanisms will cover ownership pattern, structure of board of directors and its committees, internal and external controls, and the business conduct bylaw. The most significant changes in the external mechanisms must occur in the statute law of the N.I.O.C., legal supervisions independent of this company and independent auditing. The optimal framework will bring about such outcomes as raising foreign capital, access to international capabilities and technology transfer, ability to impact international political-economic relations and developing various capabilities arising from international activities.

This study is conducted aiming to design a competency model for senior managers of South Pars Gas Refineries. The approach of the research was qualitative. Using survey method and in-depth, semi-structured and purposeful interviews with 15 senior managers of the Gas Complex, the researcher collected the data. Three-stage theme analysis and coding was applied in order to analyze the qualitative data. Based on the research findings, the competency model for the Refineries’ senior managers contained 4 comprehensive themes and 11 main themes. The comprehensive themes comprised of: a. individual themes (including ethical, attitudinal and behavioral items), b. interpersonal themes (including relational, team-based and leadership items), c. organizational themes (including professional and managerial human resources items) and d. strategic themes (including strategic thinking and action and crisis management). It is suggested that the implementation of this model can lead to the development and promotion of senior managers of the refineries.

Voluntary payment of taxes is a sweet wish of the governments and tax organizations. Adopting a nascent approach, public sector marketing tries to help these organizations in attracting and persuading the target groups by applying the concept of marketing democracy. In this way, managing the mindset of the target community can make paying taxes easy and satisfactory. The present research studies the effects of taxpayerschr('39') perceived value and their commitment to pay by considering the moderating variable of the possibility of perceived tax evasion. Taxable companies comprised the statistical population of the study and the required data were gathered by applying survey method. Based on the findings acquired by structural equations, the perceived value has a direct and positive impact on tax payers’ commitment and satisfaction. Another noteworthy finding of this study shows that perceived value of tax payment is relatively high; however, taxpayerschr('39') perception of the possibility of tax evasion with no serious consequences reduces its impact in practice. The results of this research can change the policymakers’ viewpoints regarding tax revenues by taking public sector marketing into consideration.

Nowadays, innovation is the basis of development and survival of social systems; however, materializing it calls for innovative work behavior. The present study intends to investigate into this issue. In order to collect data, 123 employees were selected from among the personnel of Golestan Province Civil Registration Organization. Results of structural equations modeling show that work spirituality and perceived organizational support have positive and significant effect both on member-organization Compatibility and innovative work Behavior. Besides, member-organization compatibility positively and significantly affects innovative work behavior. Moreover, the mediating role of member-organization compatibility in the relation between work spirituality and perceived organizational support, on the one side, and innovative work behavior, on the other, is confirmed. A number of applied suggestions are finally presented.

This study adopts a mixed approach: qualitative-quantitative. The statistical population in the qualitative section was all the stories of Ramsar destinations in the social media. Using judgmental sampling, 62 stories were selected. The study used a narrative analysis strategy. Data collection method was online written stories which were analyzed through narrative analysis and content analysis. Next, the identified dimensions of social media storytelling power were presented first in the form of a thematic network and then in the framework of a conceptual model for this destination. In the quantitative phase, the research strategy was conducting a survey. The statistical population here included all tourists who had read the tourism stories of this destination on the social media. Nonprobability convenience sampling method was used and the sample size, given the unlimited statistical population, was estimated to be 450 people per destination based on Morganchr('39')s table. Data collection method was electronic questionnaires sent to the tourists. The results of structural equations modeling show that all aspects of Ramsar online social media storytelling power, including literary knowledge, attractiveness, dynamism, tourism, trust, reliability, cognition, emotion, and ethics significantly affect the development of this destination.

Higher education institutions are faced with the emerging needs and expectations of the society. Faculty members can realize the quality of higher education and play an essential role in the development of any country. It is desirable for universities to take fundamental steps towards comprehensive development of their academic staff. The purpose of this qualitative study is to develop and validate the syndrome model and dimensions of job enrichment of faculty members. Findings show that the enrichment aspects of faculty members can be classified into five dimensions, each of which has symptoms: 1) educational dimension, including: mastery of new and creative teaching methods, dynamic teaching skills, arousing thinking while teaching, ability  to develop educational and evaluation strategies, ability to give feedback and stimulate reflective thinking and creating superior learning goals, 2) research dimension, including: sensitivity to collect reliable data, team building and networking skills at both national and international levels, project management ability, mastery of research methodology and leading theses toward finding solutions for social problems. 3) specialized services dimensions including: entrepreneurial skills and wealth creation, ability to solve practical problems of the society, developing communication with the society and industry, and possessing power to persuade discourse, 4) individual dimensions including responsibility sensitivity, systemic thinking, intuitive thinking, time management, and self-regulation, 5) organizational dimensions, including building up learning community skills, ability to communicate with foreign distinguished universities, interaction with scientific societies, and peer coaching). A number of administrative and research suggestions are presented at the end.