majid reza khodaverdian

The purpose of this research was to evaluate of extension comprehensive production model sites in the production of healthy products. The research was quantitative, applied and non-experimental. The population was farmers active in the main production sites of healthy products in the three years ending in 1401. A twos tage sampling method was used. The sample size was determined based on Cochran's formula (n=115). S tratified random sampling method with proportional assignment was used. The main tool for data collection was a researcher-made ques tionnaire that was developed based on the CIPP model of S taffel Beam and Goba. The validity and reliability of the ques tionnaire was obtained. As a result, the ordinal theta value for the research variables was 0.86 (ϴ=0.86). SPSS26 software were used for data analysis. The results showed that mos t of the respondents evaluated the success rate of model sites in producing healthy products as good. Among the variables of the CIPP model, the success rate of the contextual variable was higher and ranked firs t, and the input, process, and product variables were ranked next. The results of the correlation tes t of independent variables showed that; People's work experience, level of education and the number of training courses completed by people had a positive and significant relationship with the variables of the CIPP model.

Vocational agricultural training in the rehabilitation programs of prison inmates has not been of good quality and effectiveness in the conventional training methods, while collaborative training and team activity increases motivation and deepens learning. Therefore, this s tudy was conducted with the aim of applying team agricultural vocational training using the model of team member teaching design (TMTD) in Arak prison. This research is applied and causal-communicative and semi-experimental, which uses a pre-tes t-pos t-tes t research design with a control group. The data collection tool was a researcher-made ques tionnaire, the validity of which was confirmed by examining the opinions of experts in agricultural education and vocational training, and its reliability was confirmed by calculating the Cronbach's alpha coefficient (α = 0.92). The s tatis tical population was all the inmates in the prison of Arak city, Markazi province. Two agricultural vocational training courses (saffron planting, growing and harves ting training and honey bee breeding training) for 108 people in 2023 in order to compare traditional training methods and team members teaching design (TMTD) was determined. The results indicated that in the groups under comparison, the effect of the Team Member Teaching Design (TMTD) method on the professional development of prisoners was significant. The results of the mean comparison tes ts also revealed a significant difference between the conventional and team-teaching methods regarding the motivation of prisoners to participate in training courses in both saffron cultivation and beekeeping programs. This research discusses the use of team-based training in agricultural education programs within prisons and its effects on the motivation and participation of prisoners in training courses, as well as their professional advancement in agricultural education. It also provides a pathway for the effective utilization of innovative collaborative and team-based teaching methods in agricultural education classes

The purpose of this research was to determine the effective factors on the motivation of managers and staff experts to participate in the training courses while serving the staff of the Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization and to identify and rank the motivational factors of the participants in the training courses. The statistical population of this research included 365 managers and experts, of which 190 were selected by simple random method based on Morgan's sampling table. According to the practical purpose, in terms of the data analysis method to investigate the relationship between the variables, the type of research was causal-communicative research, and in terms of implementation, it was a survey. The method of data collection was done using questionnaires. , the questionnaire had convergent validity and adequate reliability for the reliability of the questionnaires from theta An order was used in which the total theta of the variables was reported as 0.93. Statistical data was calculated in SPSSwin26 software. The findings of the analysis of structural equation modeling using PLS software showed that the variables, increasing knowledge and skills, educational rules and regulations, and job Extension are among the influencing variables in the motivation of participants in in-service training courses and three hypotheses were confirmed. And the hypotheses of the impact of organizational commitment, livelihood improvement and job security on the motivation of participants in agricultural training courses while serving employees were not confirmed.

The main objective of this descriptive-analytical survey was to assess the entrepreneurial competencies of rural women facilitators and to develop a framework for entrepreneurial competencies in Hamedan, Qom and Markazi provinces. The statistical population included all rural women facilitators in these three provinces (N=473), out of which 212 people were selected as the study sample based on Cochran's formula. Data were collected through a questionnaire that its validity was confirmed by a panel of experts and its reliability was evaluated using Cronbach's alpha. Confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling were used to analyze and validate the proposed competencies framework with the help of Smart-PLS software. Based on the results, the women facilitators had all the entrepreneurial competences in a medium to high level. Among the proposed competences, moral competence, personal competence and technical competence were in the first to third priorities, respectively. The results of factor analysis for the validity of the competencies framework also showed that the twelve components of competencies have the accuracy to evaluate and predict the entrepreneurial competencies of rural women and the competencies framework in the research was approved. Generally, it can be concluded that the women facilitators have a desirable variety of entrepreneurial competencies. Therefore, it can be expected that there is the necessary capability and capacity in women facilitators to play an effective role in the process of entrepreneurship development and employment of rural women.

The theory of planned behavior is used to recognize and understand environmental and personal factors affecting behavior, considering that this theory has been widely used to predict behavior, therefore this research aims to investigate the factors affecting The lack of students' inclination to study in Kermanshah's vocational colleges was based on Ajzen theory of planned behavior. The statistical population of the research included all the students of the third grade of the first secondary school of Kermanshah province in the academic year of 2020-2021 (14824 persons); From this number and based on the table of Bartlett et al., 370 students were selected as a sample in a two-stage cluster and proportional assignment method. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire based on Ajzen model, the validity and reliability of the questionnaire was confirmed by a panel of experts and the ordinal Theta coefficient. The results showed that the three constructs of belief in self-efficacy, attitude towards agricultural science, and society's norms explain 40 Percent of the variance of students' intention to choose the agricultural science field, and among these three constructs, Society's norms were recognized as the most effective factor.

Human resources, as the most important production factor, must have a developed mind and entrepreneurial thinking. Supporting the creation and launch of the front and rear components of production chains is one of the requirements of development and depends on the employment of expert forces. This article aims to investigate the current situation and the number of registrants, students and graduates in the fields of economics, extenion and education, agricultural and rural development in the academic year 1403-1402. This research is one of the review researches in terms of orientation and general purpose. In terms of the possibility and ability to control the investigated variables and the background conditions of the research, it is also among non-experimental and analytical research. Also, in our view, it is qualitative that was done in a narrative method, therefore interviews with key and informed people and collecting documents in the field were used. The statistical population consisted of 9 subject matter experts (experts, researchers and informed people, who were used by the focus group method. Despite the limitations of access to some statistics, a survey was conducted on the number of graduates, registered students and students of the mentioned groups by field during the 4 years ending in the academic year of 2019., the forecast of the expert manpower required to be submitted to the Ministry of "Repentance" was prepared and finalized by the relevant fields. The total admission in all fields is proposed to be 2464person.

Internship is a unique training program that purpose is to integrate education with experimental programs and activities. It is necessary to examine the weaknesses of the implementation of this course in the pas t years, successful experiences of implementing this program in other countries and receiving and summarizing the opinions of the s takeholders of this program for improving the effectiveness of internships for agricultural s tudents. In order to implementation of the Memorandum of Cooperation between the Minis tries of Science, Research and Technology and Agriculture-Jahad and the law on increasing the productivity of agriculture and natural resources, that he purpose of which is to use the capacities of executive and governmental bodies in the implementation of the internship plan for agricultural s tudents, this research was conducted with the aim of inves tigating the obs tacles and challenges of the implementation of the internship program of agricultural science s tudents in the Minis try of Agriculture-Jahad by using a qualitative research method and a deductive approach. The s tatis tical population of this s tudy was all educational deputies and the ins tructors working in the Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Centers of the country in the academic year 2021-2022 (N= 64), of which 38 people were selected by purposive sampling method. As a result of the content analysis, the challenges of implementing the s tudents' internship were categorized in; the course curriculum, implementation of the course, internship ins tructors, s tudents (interns), the organizational unit accepting the intern, and the college and university. The mos t important challenges from the respondents` point of view included the s tudents' lack of motivation to actively participate in this course due to the uncertainty of their job opportunities, lack of monitoring and detailed visits by the university and the Minis try of Agricultural Jihad on the implementation of the course in the units accepting interns, the lack of motivation of trainers to optimally implement the internship course, and the lack of coordination and cooperation between universities and units conducting internships. Encouraging s tudents to participate in skill training and methods, active cooperation of universities with executive bodies in the implementation of practical trainings and equipping organizational unit accepting the intern with facilities and equipment needed for the implementation of the internship training course were among the sugges tions of this research.

In recent decades, the Ministry of Agriculture-Jahad has been holding informal skill trainings for farmers with the aim of extension of new technologies. The sample size was estimated to be 212 using the Cochran's formula. In order to select the samples, stratified random sampling method with proportional assignment was used. The validiy of the instrument was evaluated by panel of experts including specialists of the Agricultural Research, Education . For determining the reliability of the research instrument, the pioneer test method and completing the questionnaires by a group of 30 people, outside from the statistical population and calculating the values of the ordinal theta coefficient θ = 0.81-98 . Ordinal regression findings indicate that among the characteristics of the training course, instructor and content, variables amount of practical hours of the course, ease and comprehensibility of content, the amount of practical skills of the instructor and the amount of use of scientific and specialized visits in duration of the course” remained at the level of significance of 5% and the practical skills of the instructor remained at the level of 1% in the model. Also, the results of nonparametric Wilcoxon test showed that in five indicators, increasing the technical knowledge of users, increasing the skills of users, increasing income and improving the livelihood of users, improving motivation and job satisfaction and increasing quantitatively and improving the quality of products, there are statistically significant difference between before and after participation in the courses at the 99% confidence level

Human habitats have always been subject to change considering the available construction space as well as internal and external processes evolved. The rural settlements, as part of the geographic system, which consist of components related to each other, are influenced by the position of the place - space, interaction or communication (internal and external local, regional and national scale) and they are always subject to changes in the structure and functioning of rural areas in different regions. The method of this research is descriptive-analytic and a large field study, documentary and library method are used to collect information. In order to investigate the structural-functional changes in these villages, indicators were selected in different dimensions (environmental-ecological, socio-cultural, economic-livelihoods, physical, physical), which were estimated by random sampling of 317 samples. The questionnaire was used by residents of rural households whose validity was confirmed by some experts. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient (0.77) was used to determine the reliability of the main scale of the questionnaire. After completing the questionnaire, information analysis and hypothesis testing were evaluated using t-test and spearman correlation and the difference between these indices in rural development. The results show that the environmental - ecological villages saw an increase in deep wells, reducing the discharge of springs and aqueducts, changes in land use and the social dimension with increased migration and immigration, the government policies, the economics and these have affected rural habitats.

The main purpose of this study was to investigate the educational components affecting the entrepreneurial abilities of students in applied agricultural science education. A survey was carried out using a questionnaire. The statistical population of this research is the number of 3485 students who study in agricultural fields of applied sciences centers of agricultural Jihad. For data collection, a proportional allocation method was used. Using the Cochran formula, the research volume (n = 190) was determined. Validity of the research tool was confirmed by a number of experts from the Institute of Applied Higher Education, Agricultural Jihad and faculty members of Agriculture and Education. The reliability of the questionnaire was obtained by using teta test (Ɵ= 0.8), for analysis of the data, Spss software was used. The results of the findings from the multivariate regression linear equation showed that the educational components such as the use of teaching methods, equipment and educational media, credits and educational facilities on the students' entrepreneurship capacity have a negative effect on the positive impact and content of applied academic courses, and the components such as Management and planning of courses The physical environment of the educational center has not played a significant role in the entrepreneurial abilities of the students. Based on this, the researcher has come up with solutions and suggestions for improving the entrepreneurial skills of applied agricultural science students.