نشریه پژوهش مدیریت آموزش کشاورزی
سال شانزدهم شماره 69 (تابستان 1403)

Exploring the employability literature shows that there is little empirical evidence on the interaction of soft skills, and for this reason, it is important to investigate this issue; Because it can play a significant role in teaching and developing soft skills. In this causal correlational research, the effect of learning and communication soft skills on emotional intelligence soft skills in agricultural students was investigated. Final-year undergraduate students of all agricultural fields in public universities constituted the statistical population of this survey and quantitative research. The statistical sample of the research included 384 people who were selected using the inverse square root method and the multi-stage sampling method. The research tool was a five-point Likert scale questionnaire, whose formal validity was approved by a panel of experts, as well as calculating the factor loading and the discriminant validity and divergent validity and reliability tests through the calculation of ordinal theta and composite reliability. The results of structural equation modeling showed that communication soft skills and learning soft skills have a significant effect in predicting students' emotional intelligence soft skills. This finding clarifies a part of the puzzle of the effect of soft skills on other soft skills of agricultural students. Revealing the mechanism of the effect of communication and learning soft skills on emotional intelligence soft skills, can facilitate the development of soft skills in agricultural higher education because it can provide a rational reason for focusing on a few soft skills.

Specialized training courses for employees at Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute are held on Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) guidelines to improve the production process of biological products. The purpose of this research is to measure the validity of specialized trainings in the service of Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute in order to improve the biological products production process held in this institute. This research is a quantitative study with a non-experimental pattern, and the data collection tool is a form of a questionnaire designed by the researchers. The components of the research included: assessment of needs and information, content and heading, instructor, time and place, media and educational assistance, welfare and evaluation. In this questionnaire, the individual characteristics of the students, including gender, age, level of education, field of study, and job characteristics, including organizational position, work history, and cooperation history at Razi Institute, were investigated. In addition to, the titles of the training courses passed by the respondent were specified and the components of the training elements were completed in the form of a questionnaire. The purpose of this research project is to evaluate the effectiveness of the specialized training courses that were held in the three years ending in 1402. Based on stratified random sampling, the sample size was estimated to be 166 using Morgan's table. To determine the validity of the data collection tool, face validity was used, and to determine its reliability, the pre-test method and Cronbach's alpha test were used. The collected data were analyzed with SPSS software and descriptive (mean, standard deviation, and coefficient of variation) and analytical (Mann Whitney U tests, Regression, and Pearson and Spearman correlation coefficients).The results of the research showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between all the elements of education and the level of effectiveness, and this coefficient was higher for the components of the instructor and the content heading than the rest of the components, so that the level of satisfaction of the participants in the course. The results of the research showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between all the elements and the effectiveness of training, and 72% of the variance of the dependent variable of training effectiveness was explained by the variables of needs assessment and information, content and title. Therefore, as much as it is possible to attract the level of satisfaction of the participants in the in-service courses regarding each of the elements of the training, this will make the course more effective.

In the rehabilitation programs of prison inmates, traditional education methods are generally used to train prisoners. Learning through participation and team activity is one of the common educational methods in today's era. This study was conducted to use the Team Member Teaching Design (TMTD) model to strengthen and improve the professional development of prisoners in Arak Prison.

In this semi-experimental study, a pretest and post-test design with a control group was used. They studied samples of prisoners in men's and women's prisons in Arak city and in five training courses (diaphoretic, crystal decorations, women's decorations, saffron cultivation, and bee breeding) in 1402 to compare traditional teaching methods. and the teaching plan was team members (TMTD).

In the compared groups, the effect of the TMTD teaching method on the professional development of prisoners was shown. The results of the average comparison tests also indicate a significant difference between the two teaching methods in the field of strengthening the professional behavior of prisoners in all five training courses. This research discusses the implementation of the team method, the teaching plan of the team members, and its consequences in teaching and provides a path for the effective use of teaching methods to obtain better results in the teaching and learning process in prison vocational classes.

Vocational agricultural training in the rehabilitation programs of prison inmates has not been of good quality and effectiveness in the conventional training methods, while collaborative training and team activity increases motivation and deepens learning. Therefore, this s tudy was conducted with the aim of applying team agricultural vocational training using the model of team member teaching design (TMTD) in Arak prison. This research is applied and causal-communicative and semi-experimental, which uses a pre-tes t-pos t-tes t research design with a control group. The data collection tool was a researcher-made ques tionnaire, the validity of which was confirmed by examining the opinions of experts in agricultural education and vocational training, and its reliability was confirmed by calculating the Cronbach's alpha coefficient (α = 0.92). The s tatis tical population was all the inmates in the prison of Arak city, Markazi province. Two agricultural vocational training courses (saffron planting, growing and harves ting training and honey bee breeding training) for 108 people in 2023 in order to compare traditional training methods and team members teaching design (TMTD) was determined. The results indicated that in the groups under comparison, the effect of the Team Member Teaching Design (TMTD) method on the professional development of prisoners was significant. The results of the mean comparison tes ts also revealed a significant difference between the conventional and team-teaching methods regarding the motivation of prisoners to participate in training courses in both saffron cultivation and beekeeping programs. This research discusses the use of team-based training in agricultural education programs within prisons and its effects on the motivation and participation of prisoners in training courses, as well as their professional advancement in agricultural education. It also provides a pathway for the effective utilization of innovative collaborative and team-based teaching methods in agricultural education classes

The current qualitative and quantitative research was conducted with the aim of identifying and validating the components of a television educational program suitable for farmers. The population s tudied in the qualitative section consis ted of experts (23 people) selected using the purposive snowball sampling method. Data was collected using semi-s tructured interviews. To calculate the reliability of the interviews, the method of intra-subject agreement of two coders was used, and the value was 84.36, and considering that it is greater than 60%, the reliability of the coding is confirmed. To determine the level of agreement and assess the validity of each index from the experts' perspective and before developing the model, two coefficients of content validity ratio (CVR) and content validity index (CVI) were been used. Data analysis was carried out during two s tages of open and axial coding using Maxqdq18 software. The s tatis tical population was a quantitative section of farmers in Kermanshah (N = 24,391) who were selected as a sample by multis tage sampling method with proportional allocation of 378 people. The validity and reliability of the ques tionnaires were confirmed using the convergent validity method, Cronbach's alpha coefficient and composite reliability. The ques tionnaires were analyzed by s tructural equation modeling using Smart PLS 4 software. The results of the qualitative part made it possible to identify 38 items in the form of six categories of factors of continuity and solidarity over time and the diffusion of the program, presenting the program in different formats based on interaction and feedback, in using methods of attracting the audience, emphasizing the appropriate content of agricultural educational television programs. Particular attention was paid to the effective elements of the educational process as well as planning and inves tment in the production of the educational program. The results of the analysis of the ques tionnaires showed that the elements introduced by the experts are approved by the farmers and, according to them, the mos t important elements of an appropriate television educational program include the content and the appropriate time of broadcas t, in paying attention to the effectiveness of diffusion. Elements of the training process, using the appropriate method to attract the audience and the presentation of the program is done in the form of interaction and feedback.

The purpose of this research was to evaluate of extension comprehensive production model sites in the production of healthy products. The research was quantitative, applied and non-experimental. The population was farmers active in the main production sites of healthy products in the three years ending in 1401. A twos tage sampling method was used. The sample size was determined based on Cochran's formula (n=115). S tratified random sampling method with proportional assignment was used. The main tool for data collection was a researcher-made ques tionnaire that was developed based on the CIPP model of S taffel Beam and Goba. The validity and reliability of the ques tionnaire was obtained. As a result, the ordinal theta value for the research variables was 0.86 (ϴ=0.86). SPSS26 software were used for data analysis. The results showed that mos t of the respondents evaluated the success rate of model sites in producing healthy products as good. Among the variables of the CIPP model, the success rate of the contextual variable was higher and ranked firs t, and the input, process, and product variables were ranked next. The results of the correlation tes t of independent variables showed that; People's work experience, level of education and the number of training courses completed by people had a positive and significant relationship with the variables of the CIPP model.

The integrated pest management strategy, as an important environmentally friendly policy, has received special attention in agricultural extension training courses in recent years. Accordingly, the purpose of this research was to evaluate the relationship between rice farmers' reaction towards extension training courses, integrated pest management knowledge, and practical use of the learned knowledge of rice farmers participating in extension training courses on rice integrated pest management in Mazandaran province. The study is descriptive and ex-post facto, conducted using a survey method in 2023. The targeted population of this study consisted of 250 rice farmers who were participating in the extension training courses. Using Krejcie and Morgan table and simple random sampling method, 146 people participated in this study. A questionnaire with a five point Likert scale was used to collect data. The content validity of the research instrument was confirmed by a panel of experts from the Rice Research Institute of Iran, and the agricultural jihad organization of Mazandaran province. The reliability of the research instrument was confirmed using the ordinal theta coefficient with a rate of 0.85 to 0.95 for the research variables. Data analysis was done using SPSS27 and Smart PLS software. The results showed the reaction of the rice farmers was not negative towards the quality of the held training courses. Additionally, the level of their knowledge of integrated pest management was evaluated as average. Most of the farmers acknowledged that they applied their learned knowledge at an average level in practice. The results of the path analysis showed that the learned knowledge of integrated pest management had the most direct effect on the practical use of rice farmers. Also, rice farmers' reaction towards extension training courses, in addition to directly affecting the practical use of rice farmers, indirectly affected it through the learned knowledge.