maryam goodarzi

In order to study the Qom Formation, the ostracodes of members c1 to c4 and e of this formation  were studied in the south Shurab section. The studied strata in this section have a significant abundance and diversity of ostracods. Changes in the abundance and diversity of species in the ostracodes of the studied members show that Member c2 was deposited in a shallower environment compared to the middle and upper part and the base of Member c3. The high abundance of psychrophilic species at the base of Member c4 and the presence of thermophilic forms at the top of Member c4 indicate that the basin was deeper at the time of deposition of the base Member c4 sediments than at its top. Also, the visible changes in the ostracods collection in marly Member e indicate frequent fluctuations in the depth of the environment during the deposition of this member in the studied area. In general, it can be inferred that the environment of members c1 to c4 and e of the Qom Formation was a warm with moderate salinity sea water. In the biostratigraphic studies, 42 species belonging to 36 genera of ostracoda and four biozones have been identified. Based on the biostratigraphic studies, the Chattian age was determined for the sediments of the top of Member b and c1, the Aquitanian for the sediments of members c2 to c4, and the Burdigalian for the sediments of Member e of the Qom Formation in the Shurab section was determined.

Corona virus is a phenomenon that has faced the world with a crisis due to its rapid spread and uncontrollable nature. Although this crisis is only related to the medicine and health system, it is a multidimensional phenomenon whose effects and consequences can be observed and tracked in various economic, social, and political fields. The purpose of this article is to investigate the results of the Corona Virus on the environment.

The current study is a scoping review article that was performed based on the collection of information from articles published in the databases ScienceDirect, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and PubMed in the period from 2019 to 2022 with the aim of investigating the consequences of the Corona crisis on the environment.

The findings of this research illustrate that the corona virus crisis and the quarantine conditions have brought many consequences for the environment. On the one hand, as a result of the cessation of many human activities, there is a significant reduction in the emission of pollutants, including greenhouse gases, and on the other hand, waste, especially medical and plastic waste, has increased.

Despite the positive effects of Covid-19 on environmental factors, its short-term and long-term negative effects are obvious. In addition, it seems that the economic activity of country will intensify after Corona, and therefore, with a comprehensive analysis of the effects of Covid-19 on several sectors, significant proceedings should be taken in this field.

Nurses play a key role in increasing the efficiency of healthcare systems. Given the 24-hour performance of hospitals and the small number of nurses in the field of treatment, it is quintessential to re-shift them in the hospital. This study set out to achieve coherence in nursing shift planning and justice in the order of shifts in hospital.

This applied and a developmental study was performed from 2019 to 2020. We used genetic algorithm to provide operational solutions and define flexible shifts and plan nurses' working hours in Yas Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences Hospital, Tehran, Iran.

Based on the selection of each nurse and determining the approved shifts of each ward, the possibility of appropriate planning was provided to determine the required shifts per month and to estimate the needs of each department.

Using genetic algorithm and nursing shift in office automation console provides useful tools for managers at all organizational levels, according to which a good balance between the hospital's need for nurse and nurses’ demands in different time periods.

Business model is considered as a major factor in the competitive advantage of companies that need to recreate their business model through shifting the business environment due to changes in technology and communications. In this qualitative study, which was performed with the aim of identifying the components of the business model in Iranian biopharmaceutical companies and based on a multi-case strategy, in the period of 1397 to 1398, the research data was collected through interviews with 8 active biopharmaceutical companies located in Tehran, Alborz, Golestan and Mashhad provinces (statistical sample) from biopharmaceutical companies in Iran (statistical population) and experts and analyzed using comparison of patterns. Accordingly, after reviewing the research literature and reviewing the various dimensions and components of the business model in the field of biopharmaceuticals, by conducting a case study, the business model of biopharmaceutical companies was presented. The results of this study showed that successful companies in the field of biopharmaceuticals differ from other companies in all three sections of value creation (in value proposition element including currency reduction and diversified medicine portfolio), value delivery (in key resources and key processes elements including tangible and intangible assets), and value acquisition (in revenue structure element including technology sales).

Natural enemies need to support in Environment for additional food and refuges. Additional food resources can improve their efficacy. Food resource provision could increase longevity and fecundity of natural enemies. Planting cover crop adjacent to the main crop in one of the methods to provide food resource like nectar and pollen. In current study, the effect of Alyssum on efficacy of T. cacoeciae in laboratory condition, greenhouse and apple orchard were assessed. The result shows an improvement in longevity and parasitism rate of T. cacoeciae feeding on Alyssum and sugar solution comparing to control treatments in laboratory condition (9.6, 5.2 and 3.3 days and 50.7, 42 and 28 blacked eggs respectively). In greenhouse, longevity and parasitism rate of T. cacoeciae enhanced in Alyssum cages compare with sugar solution and no feed despite the complex structure of Alyssum plant (12.5, 9.6 and 7.8 days and 377.8, 364.3 , 214.3 blacked egg respectively) . Result in apple orchard using Alyssum pots in apples rows showed a significant difference parasitism in sentinel eggs compare with control (16.5% and 6.23 % respectively). The parasitism also recorded for longer time in plots with Alyssum (5 days) in compare with control (one day only). In total Alyssum can provide parasitic wasp, a suitable and available food source and probably considered a suitable cover crop with good quality and accessible to enhance T. cacoeciae efficacy.

To investigate any subject, a scholar needs a suitable instrument to collect the required information with the utmost accuracy and the least amount of error. Therefore, this study aimed at designing and conducting a psychometric analysis of an assessment instrument for innovation capabilities of Medical Sciences Universities using the Cube Model Approach.

This study began by searching in questionnaires in the fields of input and process, considering innovation outcomes. Accordingly, a preliminary questionnaire was developed, and in the second stage, to determine the validity of the designed instrument, the face validity, content validity, and construct validity of the instrument were approved, and in the third stage, using Cronbach's alpha, its reliability was assessed. At first 200 phrases were obtained, finally, 25 questions were initially approved in three areas of structure (input), innovation processes, and output. All the phrases were retained in the face validity and content validity carried out quantitatively and qualitatively.

Exploratory Factor Analysis was performed on 25 items, and finally the terms were set in six factors. These factors explained 53.19% of the total variance. The rotated factor loading for all questions was obtained more than 0.3, and therefore, no questions were eliminated. Calculation of the Cronbach's alpha coefficient confirmed the high internal consistency of the questionnaire (0.762).

This instrument was designed for the first time in the context of Iranian academic culture and seems to be a suitable instrument for the assessment of innovation capabilities, considering its adequate validity and reliability, simplicity, and practicality.

Given the increasing variety of biological drugs in the world and the significant role of these drugs in patients' quality of life, as well as the high risk of drug productions, biopharmaceutical companies need to revise their business model. The purpose of this study is to review the dimensions and components of biopharmaceutical companies.

This is a comprehensive review and is based on the existing studies by searching valid databases such as PubMed, Science Direct, SID, Iran doc and Google Scholar from 2000 to 2019. All the searches were performed based on keywords such as “Components of Business Model”, and “Business Model of Biopharmaceutical Companies”. The initial search yielded 820 articles. After screening, 23 articles were selected for final study.

The overall dimensions of business model in biopharmaceutical companies are identical to other companies, but the components of the business model of these kinds of companies are various based on their performance, and the most important components include the value proposition, key resources, success factors, revenue stream and cost structure.

Introducing the components of business model in this study can be adjusted based on the dimensions of business model and the characteristics of each biopharmaceutical company.

Power plant industries are among the mother industries that research and development with the forward-looking perspective are crucial in which due to the rapid changes in technology. On the other hand, part of R&D is done within the supply chain of these industries. Finally, the power plant products success is strongly dependent on existing and future successful R&D collaborations in the supply chain. Mapna Group, as a manufacturer of power plant products, needs to develop research and development collaboration in its supply chain with a forward-looking approach in order to gain competitive advantage and to be present in the global markets. Since no research has been done in this regard, the purpose of this study is to identify the factors influencing the success of R&D collaborations in MAPNA Group Supply Chain. This research is a descriptive survey in terms of method, and is applied in terms of purpose. Factors affecting the R&D collaborations in the supply chain are extracted from overviewing the literature and the supply chain experts' viewpoints, and the questionnaire approved by the MAPNA Group’s Experts was distributed and results were analyzed by the confirmatory factor analysis with structural equations and PLS software. In this study, 8 key success factors in R&D collaboration were identified and wereconfirmed together with 25 indicators. According to the Network Analysis Process (ANP), the first priority is the integrated supply chain leadership, the second priority is the technology intelligence, and the next priorities respectively are the partner specificity factors, suppliers management, financial management, research and development management, legal obligations and IT management.

The purpose of this study was to introduce a new model for indicator of letters in office automation of Tehran University of Medical Sciences.

The present study was an applied research and a developmental study in which old automation method has been modified to new model. Regarding to the dispersion of codes assigned to letters, there was no specific order in the codes of both old and new units defined in the system, and firstly, the letter indicators in the office automation system of university in combination with letters and numbers was done without classification, the decision was made to correct it in the office automation system. In new model, numbering the correspondence based on frequency of each university unit's subdivision was described and proposed model was presented.

According to the new numerical model, integrated codes were assigned which were entirely numerical or the combination of numbers. Due to the abundance of units covered by the university, the research centers allocate the largest number to themselves. Therefore, a larger range of indicator codes for these units was considered than for other sections.

This model provides a new model for implementation of office automation indicator code in Tehran University of Medical Sciences and facilitates the search of letters based on the defined number.