فهرست مطالب mehrdad zamanpoore

Identifying the different habitats in wetlands is essential for their protection. This research was carried out with the aim of classifying habitat areas of Maharlu wetland in Fars province using MedWet, Mediterranean Wetland Habitat Classification System. Information on dominant vegetation cover, soil, and hydrology of the wetland was prepared using field surveys. The data on the water regime were obtained with quarterly satellite images from 2016-2019 in remote sensing media using ArcGIS. Sampling was performed for wetland plants and lake bed outcrops from 39 stations in May 2020. Plants were identified and classified on the basis of being an annual or perennial presence and submerged or floating. By stacking this information in ILWIS, different habitat zones were separated. Each was then specified using habitat international standard codes, and habitat maps were prepared. In total, 42 habitats were identified in the Maharlu wetland. The most prevalent habitats were palustrine–emergent–persistent–seasonally flooded–Mixosaline– (P-EPSX-) (14,797,300 m2), palustrine–emergent–persistent–temporarily flooded– Mixosaline (P-EPSX-) (296,600 m2), lacustrine–littoral–emergent–persistent–seasonally flooded–mixosaline– (LLEPSX) (2,079,900 m2), and lacustrine–littoral–emergent–persistent–Semipermanently flooded–mixosaline– (LLEPLX-) (493,000 m2). The results of this research in recognizing habitats are useful for the protection of ecosystem sections, especially plant communities.

Haft Barm is a series of five small lakes in the southern Zagros region which has encountered recent rapid development of human settlement. This article reports a survey on its essential ecological attributes.

Water samples were taken from three locations in March and June 2020 and analyzed regarding physical and chemical factors and plankton communities. Trophic state and primary production were estimated.

Results showed water temperature 8.2–23.1 °C, dissolved oxygen 6.3–8.3 mg.L-1, salinity as electrical conductivity 739 – 971 µS.cm-1, total nitrogen 0.1–1.1 mg.L-1, and total phosphorus 0.4 and 3.8 mg.L-1. Algae of the lake consisted of 24 taxa, the highest density of which counted 23360 cells per liter in June, and the Chlorophyceae were the dominant group. The Zooplankton composition was of four taxa from Cladocera (Bosmina sp. and Daphnia sp.), Copepoda (Cyclops sp.), and Rotifera (Rotaria sp.), with the highest densities in Rotaria (35 individuals per liter). Phragmites sp., and Juncus sp. were the dominant species in the macrophyte community besides Polygonum amphbium, and Potamogeton pectiatus. The very high concentration of total phosphorus is a strong sign for predicting a eutrophic condition. The average trophic index is estimated at 88, which suggests a eutrophic to hyper-eutrophic state for the lake. The estimated primary production of the lake was 1114 gC.m-2.A-1.

Understanding ecosystems and their zonation based on their characteristics and sensitivities is an essential step in protecting natural resources and the sustainability of their habitats. The Mediterranean Wetland Habitat Classification System (MEDWET) is used to identify Bakhtegan wetland, Fars Province, Iran, by hierarchical classification of their habitats, in which they are identified and demarcated by dominant vegetation, soil, and hydrology. Remote sensing methods are used to obtain the maximum possible information with the least fieldwork. The data for the water regime were obtained from seasonal satellite images (1997 to 2009) and their analysis in GIS using ArcGis software. Field visits and sampling were performed for sections with little or no information, such as wetland plants and lake bed profiles. After identification, plant samples were classified based on life cycle (annual or perennial), and habitat (submerged or submerged). The digital layers of all information were stacked in ILWIS software to separate different habitats. Habitats were designated with international identifiers, and a habitat zoning map was prepared. A total of 51 different habitats were identified, the most important of which were lacustrine – littoral – emergent – nonpersistent - intermittently flooded - polysaline LLENIP, (607100 m2), water surface - salt crust - intermittently flooded – mesosaline, LLOAIM (154561200 m2), non-vegetated - salt crust - seasonally flooded – mesosaline, LLSASM (15790400 m2), and palustrine - nonvegetated - salt crust - seasonally flooded – mesosaline, P-SASM (25967300 m2), and salt crust - Intermittently flooded – mesosaline, P-SAIM (20503100 m2). The result of this research and the resulting map is the first step for recognizing sensitive and vulnerable areas of the wetland, and further planning for utilization management and protection of the ecosystem, especially the aquatic plant communities.

Climate change in lakes and reservoirs is one of the most critical issues facing human society today. Rising temperatures, melting ice in the North Pole, and the disappearance of ice sheets in Antarctica are some of the effects of climate change on earth. The present study intends to evaluate the trend of climate parameter changes in Abadeh Tashk station in Tashk catchment area using the Mann-Kendall test and using canESM2 output, one of the paired climate change models 1CMIP5 based on RCP 2.6 scenarios. And RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 to evaluate temperature changes in the period 1990-2020-2100 temperature changes in Abadeh Tashk station. The results showed that the decreasing trend of precipitation is significant but the temperature and evaporation trends are not significant. Scenario results showed that the average maximum temperature in the three scenarios for the study period will increase. Given that the general trend of rising temperatures is on the rise, it can be said that the trend of climate change in the basin is serious.

The materials added to the water from fish farms affect the water quality, as these are decomposed in the environment and may reduce the quality of the water so that it is not suitable for further use. Therefore, it is necessary to measure how water quality changes. The impact of the fish farms on the water in the Joobkhalleh River was investigated. Five sampling stations were selected before flowing into the farm, the outlet, and in 5, 8, and 10km after the farm, to be sampled 6 times in 2-month intervals in the spring 2015-winter 2015 period. DO (annual mean 9.0 mg/L), T (14.5˚C), pH (8.4), TDS (462mg/L), COD (8.1mg/L), [PO4]- (0.2mg/L), and [NO3] (1.3mg/L) did not show significant changes, while oxygen saturation, BOD (1.4mg/L), EC (711µS/cm), TSS (6.0mg/L), [NO2] (0.01mg/L), and [NH3] (0.13mg/L) differed significantly among the stations. Regression analysis proved a significant correlation between the increase with distance from the source for [NO2] (Pearson Correlation= 0.915), TDS (0.878), and EC (0.878). Comparison of the findings with water use criteria shows that most parameters were in the suitable range for aquaculture, except for the TDS, which was far out of the standard, and the ammonia which was slightly higher. Considering the effect of pH, these values for the annual average of ammonia and nitrite are considered toxic for fish farming. In conclusion, the annual average of ammonia and nitrite is toxic at the last point for fish farming due to the water pH; therefore, it is not appropriate to use the water for aquaculture development.

This study was carried out to evaluate the qualitative status of chemical analysis including moisture, crude protein, crude ash, crude fat, NDF, (Insoluble fibers in neutral detergent) and ADF. (Insoluble fibers in acidic detergent), and the possibility of aflatoxin and mold contamination in fattening salmon feed used in fish farms in Fars province and fish feed supply factories. The obtained data were analyzed using SPSS software and Duncan test was used to compare the means of the data. The results showed that crude protein in feed GFT1 and GFT2 of factory No.2 had statistically significant difference (P<0.05) from other three factories. Only feed of a factory No. 2 provides the minimum amount of crude protein required for fish in these groups. The amount of crude protein in GFT3 and GFT4 related to factories 2 and 3 higher than that in factories 1 and 4 (p<0.05), but all factories have the minimum amount of crude protein needed by this group. The results of contamination of all samples of forage feed (GFT1, GFT2, GFT3, and GFT4) of fish farms and factories to aflatoxins and mold showed that the contamination rate is lower than the standard. In general, due to the different chemical composition of feed samples in fish farms, different feed supply factories and failure to meet the needs of fish at different ages, it is mandatory to continuous monitoring of feed produced in different factories and providing corrective guidelines to improve nutritional status of fattening fish.

Knowledge of fish diversity, population data and the stock size, and calculation of the amount of proper catch are essential for a wise and sustainable management of lakes. This research reports a study on fish populations in Dorudzan reservoir, Fars Province. The fish were sampled from three stations in the late Summer and mid Spring 2015, three days each, using nylon gill nets. The mean length and optimum length, condition factor, catch per unit effort, total biomass, and acceptable catch were assessed. Fish community of the Dorudzan reservoir were comprised of 8 species Cyprinus carpio, Carasobarbus luteus, Alburnus mossulensis, Capoeta aculeate, C. damascina, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix, H. nobilis, and Paniliza abu, the two last species of which are reported for the first time from this reservoir. The length-weight equations indicate a proportionate growth, except for H. nobilis whose scarce number in the samples did not allow the analyses and assessments. The condition factor was higher than 1 in all species, which confirms their proper somatic growth. The acceptable lengths for catch were calculated for P. abu (14cm), C. carpio (30cm), C. luteus (21cm), A. mossulensis (14cm), C. aculeate (24cm), C. damascina (24cm), and H. molitrix (76cm) and catch per unit efforts were 6324g for P. abu, 1260g for A. mossulensis, 2064g for C. carpio, 800g for C. aculeate, and 172g for C. luteus. Maximum acceptable catch for P. abu, C. carpio, C. luteus, A. mossulensis, and  C. aculeate in Dorudzan reservoir in 2015 were calculated as 12309, 3690, 293, 2643, and 1367 kilograms, respectively. However, according to the higher accuracy of length based assessments, they are recommended to use acceptable lengths for catch in catch regulations. Due to the continuous climate regime change and eutrophication conditions, it is highly emphasized to assess and monitor the fish populations of the lake.

Macrobenthos can serve as a bioindicator for natural or anthropogenic environmental changes. Ghareh-Aghaj River is one of the most important rivers in Fars province that supply potable, agricultural and industrial water. This study aimed to investigate the changes of macrobenthos in different months and stations for one year from September 2018 to August 2019 to determine the water quality of Ghareh-Aghaj River in Fars province. For this purpose, 10 stations were selected from 190 kilometers of river length and sediment samples collected once every 45 days. Identifications were done using binocular stereomicroscope and benthic identification keys. BMWP, ASPT and Shannon Wiener indices were used to evaluate water quality. From the midstream zone to the Persian Gulf (stations 7 to 10) has severe pollution. These stations are surrounded by extensive farmlands that use pesticides and herbicides in a large scale, resulting agricultural runoff containing a variety of contaminants flowsinto the river. In addition, in the downstream stations, especially in ​​Kavar (Station 7), the effluent of sand mines flows into the river, which has caused a severe change in the ecosystem of the lake. According to the results, the water quality of Ghareh-Aghaj River is relatively badand placed in the category of moderate to severe polluted.

It is essential for the proper management of lakes to know physical and chemical factors in their different parts and in different times of the year. This project aims to investigate basic limnology of physical and chemical factors in Salman-Farsi Reservoir, Ghir County, the Province of Fars. Seasonal samplings were carried out in 2007 in 27 stations. Analysis of variance was used to compare seasonal variations of the studied factors. The annual means of the studied items were as following: water temperature (22.6° C), dissolved oxygen (8.2 ppm), carbon dioxide (0.9 ppm), pH (7.8), transparency (352 cm), electrical conductivity (874 µS/cm), total dissolved solids (570 ppm), total hardness (630 ppm), nitrite ion (0.02 ppm), nitrate ion (0.8 ppm), ammonia (0.04 ppm), phosphate ion (0.4 ppm), biochemical oxygen demand (3.8 ppm), and chemical oxygen demand (19.3 ppm). Comparison of the results with the drinking water standards showed that the lake water is suitable regarding pH, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, ammonia, nitrite, and nitrate concentrations, but its total hardness was slightly higher than the permitted values. Temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, carbon dioxide, nitrite, nitrate, concentrations as well as biochemical oxygen demand showed acceptable levels all over the lake as compared with water quality standards for warm-water aquaculture. Chemical oxygen demand measures were at proper levels in the lacustrine and transitional sections, but slightly higher than this level in the riverine areas. Ammonia levels were appropriate in the lacustrine but moderately higher in the riverine and transitional sections. Transparency, total hardness, and phosphate ion concentration were much higher than the standard levels of warm-water aquaculture.

The scientific literature on molluscans taxonomy in Iran goes back to many years ago; however, in some parts of the country like southern areas, it is completely new. In addition, many of the studies have focused on their potential risk as intermediate hosts for parasites, ignoring their specific taxonomic identification or detailed ecology. In this research, molluscan fauna of Jubkhalle River, southern Iran was investigated in five stations during 2015 and 2016 within a span of 13 km. Four species from gastropods including Physa acuta, Planorbis intermixtus, Radix persica and Galba truncatula as well as a bivalve species Pisidium casertanum were identified. Among them, R. persica and P. casertanum were new records for the Fars Province. Our results showed consistencies between the number of species present and their environmental settings including total dissolved solids, electrical conductivity, and the water current velocity. Mean annual current velocity was lowest in station 2, having the highest temporal fluctuation, while total dissolved solids drastically increased in lower reach (stations 4 and 5), with the lowest fluctuations.

Aquaculture production in artificial lakes is possible with a proper management of the lake ecosystem. Introduction of fish fingerlings are now a widespread approach in reservoir planning. Dorudzan reservoir is a main source of drinking water for the capital city of Shiraz, which is used for production of several species of cyprinid fishes by the fisheries department. Additionally, few species of native riverine fish are now established in the lake. Every species is supposed to have preferences in selecting different parts of the lake. To investigate possibility of this preference, fishes were sampled twice in winter 2010 and autumn 2011 in three sections of the reservoir, riverine, transitional, and lacustrine. Mesh sizes of 37, 57, and 120 mm were used for sampling. Total number of individuals in each station for all species was counted and their biometry (maximum standard length, fork length, maximum total length, and weight) were measured. Fish populations included Alburnus mossulensis, Capoeta aculeate, Capoeta damascina, Carasobarbus luteus, Carassius gibelio, Cyprinus carpio, and Hypophthalmichthys molitrix. Major parts of the lake showed different compositions of fish assemblages. All 7 species were observed in lacustrine, while 3 species Capoeta aculeate, apoeta damascina, and Cyprinus carpio were present at the transitional section. Riverine section hosted Alburnus mossulensis, Capoeta aculeate and Cyprinus carpio. This habitat preference can help a better utilization of the lake in aquaculture