فهرست مطالب mohammad mahdi barghi oskooee

Nowadays, non-oil exports play an important role in import currency in the country. Experimental studies on exports show that the enterprises export rate is affected by various factors such as exchange rate, productivity and investment in research. The presents study aims to investigate the impact of investment in R & D on export performance of enterprises in provinces of Iran during 2000-2015, using systemic Generalized Method of Moment (GMM). Due to political geographical changes of the provinces in aforesaid years, country divisions are included 28 provinces and Alborz, North and south Khorasan provinces are not considered in the study as separate provinces. The required data are collected using the library and documentary method of annual census reports of industrial workshops in more ten employees and more of it and regional accounts in statistical center of Iran. The result of model estimation indicate that investment in R & D has a positive and significant impact on improving the export performance of enterprises so that increasing 1% investment in R & D leading to 0.063% increase in the export performance of enterprises. In addition to examine the impact of investment in R & D, the explanatory variables such as advertising costs, work force productivity, human capital, market share of industry sector of the total market of each province and total industry expenditure have been investigated. Results indicate that they have a positive impact on export performance of enterprises. Findings also showed that the work force productivity and market share of industry sector variables had the most impact on export performance among explanatory variables

Globalization and its consequences are becoming ever more widespread and important in today's human world. Perhaps the most important of these impacts comes from the economic, political and social dimensions. Extensive interactions in today's world have made these aspects highly intertwined, making them more complex in different societies and countries. Perhaps one of the most important issues affected by these different dimensions is the globalization of the labor market and the employment situation in a country. In light of these findings, the present study attempted to investigate the impact of economic, political and social indicators of Globalization on employment status in Iran during the years 1996-2014 by using the ROBUSTLS Robust Least Squares regression method. The results showed the positive effect of economic and social indicators of Globalization on unemployment and the negative effect of political index of Globalization on unemployment in Iran.

According to the role of the banks in the economy of a country, it is important to study their performance and efficiency. Bank decisions about diversification have significant effects on its performance. By prorating fixed costs, minimizing expected bankruptcy costs and improving resource allocation, diversification can bring revenues for the banking sector. These revenues are called diversification profits. The profits have significant effects on bank efficiency and risks.  In order to investigate the effects of diversification profits, this paper estimates a non-linear cost function for some chosen banks of Iran during the period of 2006-2017. Introducing a new method, quasi-diversification profits are extracted in the form of four scenarios. Then, using a censored regression pattern (Tobit method), the effects of those profits on the efficiency of the banks are investigated. The results indicate that the relationship between quasi-diversification profits and bank efficiency depends on the scenarios in which those profits are extracted.

The trade balance is one of the most important macroeconomic variables, and the macroeconomic strategic constraints for developing countries. The main target of this paper is study the effect of savings rate on the trade balance. According the article target we used time series data of Iranian macroeconomic variables during 1960-2015 with Application of fuzzy regression approach and Auto Regressive Distributed Lag. The results of Fuzzy regression approach shows that savings rate and GDP per capita has a positive effect on the trade balance in the short term and long term. In the other hand the real effective exchange rate Degree of trade openness has a negative effect on the trade balance in long term. Also The results of Auto Regressive Distributed Lag approach shows that savings rate, trade openness and GDP per capita has a positive effect on the trade balance and the real effective exchange rate has a negative effect on the trade balance. The other results improve that: error correction coefficient shows that 93 present of unbalanced short term adjusted to achieving long term balance. According to the results of research to reduce the trade deficit, an increase in gross domestic savings can be one of the important policy recommendations.

The mining sector is able to accelerate the economic growth and development in countries by providing raw materials of production, employment, value added and tax revenues. This is possible by adopting correct policies in this sector and through understanding its importance in the economy and assessing the effects it may have on the other economic sectors. In this regard, this study by using a dynamic computable general equilibrium model and social accounting matrix (SAM), analyzes the effects of an increase in the investment and total factor productivity of the mining sector on the value added and export of economic sectors in Iran. According to the findings, an increase in the mining sector`s investment, positively affects the value added and export of all economic sectors in Iran. In addition if the total factor productivity and the investment of the mining sector increase simultaneously, by assuming the stability of the other conditions, the resources including the labor force and capital will be absorbed and reallocated from other sectors to the mining sector. Although according to the backward and forward spillover effects, the value added and export of the other sectors in comparison to the basic scenario will increase, but the growth of the value added and export of the mining sector will be far more than the other economic sectors of the country. The results also reveal that the development in the mining sector in Iran has the least effect on the agricultural sector and the most effect on the energy sector

The main objective of this paper is investigation of the impact of real exchange rate volatility on exports of Iran petrochemical over the period of 1970-2010. In order this goal the real exchange rate volatility index has been estimated by EGARCH (0، 1) model. Then by using nonlinear Markov switching model the impact of this index، with other variables in the exporting Iran''s petrochemical sector. The main findings of the Markov switching model (MS-AR) show that the real exchange has investigated (in three regimes) and export prices (in regime 1)، have negative and significant effects on exports of petrochemicals and world’s GDP in regimes 1 and 2، Iran’s GDP in regime 1 and trade openness in all three regimes have positive and significant effects on exports of petrochemicals.

Most debates about the role of tariff cuts on the level of employment and rate of wages in labor market have come out of well-known Hecscher – Ohlin and Stopler – Samuelson (HOS) theorems. Considering the fact that we have divided the workforce into skilled and unskilled labors; the present paper assesses the impacts of tariff cuts on labor market indicators in Iran. To address these issues, a computable general equilibrium (CGE) modeling approach and social accounting matrix (SAM) of 2002 have been applied. Results show that general import tariff cuts along with the decreasing wage inequality increase the level of total employment, while tariff cuts in unskilled labor-intensive commodities such as those of agricultural commodities decrease the level of total employment, and consequently lead to an increase in wage inequality. However, under the effect of the tariff cuts in skilled labor-intensive commodities like food, apparel and textile, level of total employment increases and wage inequality decreases, respectively.