mohammadhasan dehghan

In the study and analysis of the contemporary history of Iran, knowing the characters and actors of this era and their role in the occurrence of lasting currents and events is an issue that can help us in knowing more precisely the causes and factors of backwardness, progress and social changes. One of the historical faces known as the father of Iran's reforms is Mirza Taqi Khan Farahani known as Amir Kabir. Mirza Taqi Khan earned the title of Amir Kabir due to his merit and great actions. He carried out fundamental and all-round reforms in the direction of the development of political culture, administrative reforms, economic issues, reforming financial affairs and reforming the situation of the army, in such a way that mostly through measures such as revitalizing the newspaper, establishing Dar al-Funun school, publishing technical books, health, sending students to Europe and hiring European teachers, Amir is considered the founder of modern Iranian thought and culture. This article tries to explain the political performance of Amir Kabir as one of the reformist and developmental characters in the history of Iranian politics by using Spriggan's research method.

The basic common interest in this alliance is to counter the influence of the Islamic Republic of Iran and its transformation into the hegemony of the West Asian region. Common economic, political, security, military interests centered on getting out of isolation and education or maintaining internal legitimacy and creating or preserving identity (ontological security) are other goals. Finally, it analyzes the findings based on the criterion of survival, among the criteria of balance of interests, and the main goal of this coalition is to preserve the sovereignty and position of the small and big powers in the region against the influence of the Islamic Republic of Iran and its specific foreign policy (anti-arrogance and anti-tyranny), which they call "developmentalist". It can be known that the economic, political, security, and military goals centered on getting out of isolation and education or maintaining legitimacy and creating or preserving identity (ontological security) are secondary goals and in line with the main goal, because if Iran becomes the hegemon of the region, all of them will be affected. The confrontation of multipolarity of power and multipolarity of ideology in the West Asian region, in addition to extra-regional actors, leads to an incomplete balance. As a result, it should be said: the change in the behavior of the mentioned countries is caused by a change at the system level, including the reduction of American support, and a change at the unit level, including an ontological crisis, in the direction and with the aim of the continuation and survival of its own government. In this regard, the increase of Iran's influence It is the main effective factor in the mentioned authors.

Gaddafi gained his government based on a military movement and lost his government after forty years with the beginning of protests and unrest in mid-February 2011. The protest movement of Libyan people started a peaceful protest by the families of 1200 missing prisoners. This peaceful movement was severely suppressed by Gaddafi's security units. Then the waves of this protest movement spread rapidly and with the fall of big and sensitive cities such as Benghazi, Al-Bayda, Misrata Zawiya in the east and west of Libya, it was dragged into civil war. In this research, the sociological issues of Libya will be discussed from the point of view of the role of tribes. The importance of tribes comes from the fact that the country of Libya was still governed by tribes and the tribe is the main factor of social cohesion in this country. The main question of this research is what are the effective factors in Libya's political developments and its downfall with an emphasis on tribalism? The main hypothesis is that the developments and changes that occurred in Libya due to the dictatorship and authoritarian system have caused the Libyan tribes to stop supporting Gaddafi, but due to differences with each other, they cannot form a democratic political system. The method used in this article is descriptive-analytical and compilation with library documents.

One of the most important issues regarding waqf (endowment) is the scope of the Islamic government guardianship in nominating and dismissing the guardian. This problem has found a special place after the Islamic Revolution of Iran and the governance of the jurist for the affairs of the country, and since no comprehensive and integrated research has been conducted regarding this issue, the scope of the government intervention in the nomination and dismissal of the guardian of special and general awqaf (the plural form of waqf) is not that much clear. Sometimes a situation arises for the guardian that undoubtedly requires the intervention of the government such as in cases where the guardian does not have the necessary competence and the continuation of his guardianship over the Mawqufeh (the item that has been endowed) can ruin the interests of the mawqufeh and mawquf Alayhim (The person or people to whom the waqf is allocated). In these cases, a primitive confrontation can be imagined between the guardianship of the government and the guardian, and through a proper jurisprudential analysis, the guardianship of the government on the guardianship of Waqif (The person who endows the item) and the guardian is prior to the Mawqufeh. In the event of the death of the governor, the guardianship of her appointees in the position of the guardian of waqf is continuous until the living governor announces a dismissal. This study, through the library method and search in the above generalities and applications, seeks to clarify the limits of the guardianship and the governor's authority in determining, nominating, and dismissing a trustee in the waqf institution with or without dominating the waqif as well as the status of guardians appointed by the governor after his death.

Different views and approaches have been presented in response to the question of what is Islamic management and how it can be achieved. In this article, a model for understanding Islamic management by explaining how the howzeh and the university cooperate as two institutions in charge of religion (Islamic) and science (management) is presented. under approach of division of labor, a conceptual model is designed and then validated in the form of in-depth interviews with 30 experts in this field. The content of the interviews was analyzed and classified through content analysis method and clustering technique. experts' opinions were categorized in the form of 41 basic concepts, 15 central concepts and 3 main concepts. Based on the points obtained in the interviews, the initial model was modified. In this model, the proposed model of cooperation between the Hawzah and the university is in the face of issues involves answering two questions: knowing (what is the solution) and being able (how to implement the solution). Hawzah and the university have an active role in both axes through 4 Method 1- The role of the Hawzah in explaining religious teachings as a solution of problems, 2- The role of the university in explaining the specialized dimensions of the issue to Find a solution, 3- The role of the university in providing Executive procedures and ways to be able to implement the solutions and 4- The role of the Hawzah Expressing red lines or making recommendations in implementing the solutions

Most countries in the world, and by extension the Islamic Republic of Iran seeks to raise the level of employee morale in the armed forces missions are assignment So that they can be Tkyhbr non-physical combat soldiers' morale is the most important influencing factors, differences in power levels of your physical combat as possible, a balanced formation. The aim of this paper is to explain the pattern of the residents of the area of promoting the spirit of jihad in Allah's Quran. Since this article to uncover the truth for the sake of God from the heart associated with the promotion of the spirit of the residents of the Holy Quran, So has since data and using the results of the Quran Foundation seeks to provide the residents of the area of promoting the spirit of jihad is, is applied. The study which included verses and interpretations role model and guide the Holy Quran and Quranic sciences and defense are twenty experts who are chosen method. Library and field data collection methods and data collection experts, questionnaire. Based on the findings of this paper and calculated according to the number 57/4 means of a questionnaire (in much too high); We can say that 91% of the sample (absolute majority) categories of high level achieved in the promotion of the spirit of jihad in Allah of the Qur'an influential residents of the area know.