mohammadtaghi sabzehei

The current research is a qualitative study of domestic violence against women using the grounded theory method. The studied population is married women from the outskirts of Khorram Abad city. The purposeful and theoretical sampling method and the data collection tool was in-depth interview, and after interviewing 20 of these women, theoretical saturation was achieved. In order to analyze the data, Strauss and Corbin's approach was used. The findings show that the interviewed women have experienced a wide range of violence.The central phenomenon of this study is "patriarchal attitude and helpless women against violence"; The causal conditions governing this phenomenon, the three categories of husband's addiction, economic issues, patriarchal attitude; The ruling bases of this phenomenon are power relations, domination of men and inferiority of women, lack of support from family and friends, lack of legal and social support; And the intervening conditions of the central phenomenon are the three categories of weak life skills, forced and early marriage.The strategies used by women in the face of violence are help from supportfamily networks, tolerance and coping, isolation and withdrawal, and resistance and finding solutions, which have consequences such as mental-psychological problems, turmoil in the family atmosphere

The primary goal of this paper is the qualitative analysis of two educated generations’ perceptions of kermanshah’s people about their identity. The conceptual framework of the research is referd to the theories of some classical and contemporary sociologists and social psychologists such as Jorge Herbert Mead, Charles Horton Cooley, Anthony Giddens and Stuart Hall about identity. The research is quantitative one and based on purposeful and theoretical sampling methods, 15 professors and MA students of the faculty of social sciences in Razi University are selected as a sample. The criterion for determining the sample size was theoretical saturation. The datas are collected via open-ended questionnaire and in-depth individual interview tools und analyzed by the technique of thematic AnalysisThe results indicated that from the perspective of tow educated generations the identity of Kermanshah’s people is composed of two elements, namely individual and collective identities. As for the individual identity, there are common perceptions in terms of concepts like hospitality, cheerfulness, wholeheartedness, prodigality, luxuriousness and messiness in doying tasks and perceptional differences in concepts like heroism, sense of belonging to home, aggressiveness, laziness and self-indulgence.In regard of the collective identity, the two generations’ perception is that the people of Kermanshah can be recognized with such common collective properties as cultural diversity, ritualism, ethnocentrism, convergence, divergence, superstition and patriarchy. However, the new generation’s perception is that superstition is not just specific to Kermanshah and that patriarchy was related to the past and it is now being very weakly practiced.

The present article reviews and criticizes the book ‘postcolonial theory and Kurdology’ authored by Jalil Karimi. In the introduction section, firstly, the postcolonial studies have been defined and important approaches have been introduced. Then, the book has been analyzed from both formal and content points of views. The results of this analysis show that there are some problems with regard to the formal viewpoint: it lacks introduction and general conclusion; the book has both the preface and introduction, and the English equivalence of the title of the book has not been written at the back of the book, and some of the authors’ names have not been mentioned in English in the text. From the content viewpoint, the sample size (i.e., eight books) is not enough; discourse analysis is mostly context-based, and in most of the cases, no attention has been paid to the historical and social backgrounds of the formation of Kurdish discourse. The analyses concerning issues, such as “negativism”, “nativism” and “the relationship between knowledge and power” are weak. The positive points of the book include its novel theme, fluent prose, strong theoretical framework, appropriate methodology, and accurate referencing system. The book is likely to have a significant impact on Iranian humanities studies in terms of theoretical, paradigmatic and methodological aspects; it also strengthens multidisciplinary and transdisciplinary studies, qualitative methods, critical approaches, indigenous knowledge and the concept of “subjectivity” in Iranian studies.

The purpose of this article is to examine and measure the amount of social capital and its relation to social resilience. The research is a survey and its validity is content-based and its reliability has been calculated through the Cronbach's alpha. The statistical population consists of all the households’ heads of villages in sub-district Badr of Ravansar, whose number is 3996 people according to the census of 2015. The sample size was 285 people determined by the Cochran formula. Participants have been selected randomly by a multi-stage cluster sampling. Data were collected using SPSS software. Statistical methods, including the comparison of averages, single-sample t-test, Pearson correlation tests and multiple regression, were used for analyzing data. The results of this research show that the social resilience (3.16 out of 5 scores being equal to 63.34%) and the social capital of rural households (3.31 out of 5 scores being equal to 66.22%) are above moderate and good. There is a positive and significant relationship between the level of social capital and its subcategories, including networks of relationships, social participation, trust, norms of mutual trade, and social resilience of sample villages. The result of regression analysis shows that the social capital variables explain totally 52% of the variance of social resilience.

The main Purpose of this Article is to compare the economic results of the Islamic Revolution with some of scial Revolutions. Adopting an analytical-descriptive research method, the present study is a comparative sociological-economic analysis (institutional) of the achievements of the Islamic Revolution with respect to some of the sociological revolutions. As comparison possesses the ability of making evaluation of data more significant, two types of diachronic (with the past) and synchronic (with some of revolutions) comparison were employed and the analysis method is comparative. As economic and non-economic (political and social) factors were noted in analyzing the performance of Iran’s economy, the analysis is sociological-economic (institutional). Iran's economy has been evaluated based on four important macroeconomic indicators: economic growth rate, three-sector growth, unemployment rate and Gini Index. The period of analysis is from 1979 to 2016. The theoretical framework of the study includes the theories and empirical studies of the experts of social revolutions about the economic consequences of social revolutions. The present study answers 4 questions: (1) what are the economic results of the Islamic Revolution? (2) Have the results of the Islamic Revolution been identical in the short term and long term? (3) What factors have influenced the economic results of Islamic Revolution? (4) Are the economic results of the Islamic Revolution consistent with the theories and studies done about other revolutions? The results of the current study indicate all economic results of the Islamic Revolution in the first ten years have been negative regarding the examined indicators; they have gradually improved in the long run, but have not fundamentally changed. The enternal and external of factors which have affected the economic results of the Islamic Revolution have been: oil-dependent economy, big and unefficiencey burocracy, rapid Growth of Pepolation, Iran-Iraq War, European and American sanctions against nuclear program, and fluctuations of world oil price.

In the present study it has been attempted to address how students are subjectified in school and how this institution produces its specific citizenship regime through latent analysis in school rationality and discourse practices. Thus, the present study aims to find answers to such questions as: What rationality is behind the attempt which is made in order to develope students subjectivity and in practice, what kind of citizen and subjectivity is created thereby? The given theoretical framework for answering this question is rooted in the doctrine of Michel Foucault, and the methodology used in the research is qualitative and instrumental case study. Sampling is theoretically and 25 male students from different schools of Delfan were interviewed freely. According to the findings of this study can say that schools provide students with a system of citizenship through manupulating their experiences whose outcome is to produce a passive, consumerist and profit-driven citizens. It seems that such a system of citizenship not only increases the poverty of imagination among students, but also prevents them from possibility of experiencing in order to creating an active and responsible subjectivity.

The main goal of this study is to examine the causes of not paying enough attention to the beliefs and religious values among the high school students in Kermanshah. This is a descriptive survey carried out by structured questionnaires. The statistical society includes all of high school students in Kermanshah in 90-91 whose total number has been 181796 in the years of 90-91. By using Morgan’s sampling table and after making sure of the total number, an example size of 384 members was reached. To assess the reliability of measurement, face validity and alpha coefficients were utilized and to test the hypotheses, Pearson correlation coefficient and analysis of variance were employed. Multiple regressions were used to assess the research model. The results of the study showed that gender, education, mother’s education, the job situation, their habitation, the relative deprivation, the secular degree, the religious laxity, the friend’s impression, religious socialization and religious understanding influence the religiosity degree. But the birthplace, age, and using mass media has no influence on it. The model of religious regression and analysis show that it has progressed six steps. The comprised variables of religious socialization, religious laxity, secularity, relative deprivation, birthplace, multiple, cohesive (R) show the dependent variable of 0/56.

The movement of democracy-willing is one of the most important political challenges in the post-colonial periods in Latin America, which is happened in many ways; such as the armed struggles against ruled military regimes, the consisting of social networks for thelimitation of the empowers or authorities of state in social area, the Liberian economical reforms and the permanent changes of states with democratic elections. Although all of the Latin American countries since dependency-day havent been succeeded, for many historical, political, economical and social reasons to obtain a stabile democracy,but they make progresses in term of the democratization of state, as man can claim, today there is no dictatorship rule in the countries of Latin America. While the democracy is not a pure political phenomenon, but it is a multi-dimensions social phenomenon, hisperforming is depended to reinforce of society power against state power. For reinforce of the civil society against authoritarian state at first must be the social per-conditions realized: such as the performing of social networks, the remove of the hierarchical social structures and the institutionalizing of civil culture in the society. Second it isnecessary, the democratic principles to like free market, minimal state to realize and civil Institutions in social area to consist. The upon subjects shape the main framework of dialogs about civil society in Latin America, which are discussed and analyzed in five separated approaches in this article.