morteza talebi

In an increasingly complex defense landscape, particularly in the cyber domain, the armed forces must adapt to meet new challenges. This research aims to define the cognitive readiness ecosystem essential for cyber defense, highlighting the key components and influencing factors involved.

This study employs a mixed-methods approach, combining qualitative and quantitative strategies. Meta-composition and content analysis were used for qualitative data, while descriptive statistics and factor analysis, aided by SmartPLS software, focused on validating the conceptual model.

Our analysis shows that cognitive readiness in cyber defense includes dimensions such as personnel readiness, cyber technologies, and cognitive processes, influenced by various factors. Confirmatory factor analysis revealed significant relationships between these dimensions and their constructs, confirming that our data aligns with the proposed factor structure.

Cyber defense readiness is a cohesive ecosystem consisting of processes, technologies, and environmental factors. By identifying the cognitive readiness needed for effective cyber defense, we enable personnel to transfer their knowledge across different scenarios, minimizing retraining needs and enhancing overall operational efficiency. This approach strengthens our future defense capabilities

Due to the speed, variety and volatility of cyber threats, it is not possible to provide training to cyber employees for every defense scenario. The current research was carried out with the aim of calculating the cognitive readiness components of cyber defense in the military field .

This research is mixed in terms of its purpose, application and approach in data collection and analysis. In the qualitative part, meta-synthesis and content analysis method with open, central and selective coding and to analyze quantitative data from descriptive statistics and to evaluate the fit of the conceptual model of the cyber defense cognitive readiness system, factor analysis method and SmartPLS software were used

The results of the qualitative part of the research showed that the concept of cognitive readiness of cyber defense includes two components of main executive functions and high-level cognitive functions with 11 sub-components; Memory, self-regulation, flexibility, decision making, problem solving, cognitive openness, metacognition, creativity, adaptability, critical thinking. The results of the confirmatory factor analysis in the quantitative section also showed that the components of cyber defense cognitive readiness have a factor load and a significant effect on the related structures, and the data obtained from this research fits well with the factor structure of this scale.

Originality:

 The most valuable skill or characteristic for the cyber defense workforce is the individual's cognitive preparation, which often allows him to transfer his learning from one system or scenario to another without the need for retraining.

The current research was conducted with the aim of providing cognitive readiness in modern military operations. This research is mixed in terms of purpose, application and its approach in data collection and analysis. In the qualitative part of the content analysis, by coding the dimensions, components and indicators that make up the cognitive preparation of modern military operations, the initial model was completed and modified based on the opinions of 8 experts. The statistical population in the quantitative part was 55 experts who were familiar with military and cognitive sciences with the specifications and characteristics in mind. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze quantitative data, and factor analysis method and SmartPLS software were used to evaluate the fit of the conceptual model. The results of the qualitative part of the research showed that the concept of cognitive readiness includes three dimensions; Identifying existing patterns, providing solutions related to these patterns and implementing operational plans based on these solutions with 12 components; It is memory, automaticity, resilience, decision making, problem solving, critical thinking, metacognition, creative thinking, communication, situational awareness, adaptive expertise and adaptability. The results of the confirmatory factor analysis showed that the components of cognitive readiness in modern military operations have a factor load and a significant effect on the relevant structures, and the data obtained from this research fit well with the factor structure of this scale.

Today, cognitive science has developed widely in the field of defense and security affairs, so that the armies of advanced countries have not neglected the use of soft power in addition to resorting to hard power.Using the results of the findings of cognitive science, they are looking for practical solutions to influence the minds of commanders and rival armed forces and divert their thoughts. The purpose of this research is to explain the possibility of using the spectrum of electromagnetic waves in defense cognitive sciences in the Islamic Republic of Iran Army from a legal point of view. This research is of applied type and descriptive method and with a mixed approach, and in order to investigate the basic factors and validation, 9 experts have been selected from the total number of 50 people in a purposeful judgment manner and to complete the questionnaires. The required data and information have been collected through library and field studies and using the mixed analysis method in the form of descriptive statistics to identify the information components of the sample community.The results of the research indicate that the use of the electromagnetic spectrum in defense cognitive science will be legally possible in terms of the requirements of the Organization for Regulation and Radio Communications of the Islamic Republic of Iran. Also, it will be possible to comply with the laws of the environmental organization and by complying with the international laws prohibiting the use of weapons based on new unconventional technologies.

today , infrastructure is an important part of life , growth and dynamism of societies .economic sustainability , community life quality and national security  stability are  significantly  dependent  on  availability , persistence  and  sustainability of  the  country 's vital infrastructure .due to the increasing reliance on cyber space and cyber threats , the defense approach  of  them should  also be  a smart  approach ; therefore , this  paper  aims  to  achieve a  model  for cyber smart  defense  of the vital  infrastructure of the islamic republic of iran .in the present study ,  theliterature and theoretical foundations , including  concepts , classification and types of critical infrastructures , infrastructure reliance  on cyber space , cyber space awareness  , smart defense , threats and  vulnerabilities of critical infrastructurs , cyber - defense  and  challenges of  emerging technologies  in  critical infrastructures were studied  .then by scrutiny and analysis  of upstream documents  and comparative study of models , patterns , frameworks , designs and methods of national and international cyber - defense , dimensions , components and indicators were identified and conceptual model of research  was drawn .to evaluate the conceptual model , a questionnaire based on five options  likert scale was set  and  the validity and  reliability of the questionnaire  was confirmed by questionnaire .then  , the  final questionnaire was provided to 80  experts and practitioners in the field and the expert  opinion was obtained 72 people .in order to  analyze  the research data and to confirm the factor of conceptual model of research , smart p .l .s ) using  partial least squares method .based on the calculations carried out by this tool , the overall fitting of model equivalent model  was obtained  indicating  strong fit  of  model .finally , according to the dimensions , components and indicators confirmed by the analysis tools , the conceptual model of research was modified and finalized .

The primary objective of this study is to explore the marketing strategies employed within the Iranian cinema industry, focusing on the components and subcomponents that influence audience engagement and increase customer base. It aims to identify effective marketing practices and the challenges faced by professionals in the context of the Iranian cinema market.

Utilizing a mixed-methods approach, the study combines qualitative interviews with 10 marketing managers from film production and distribution companies and a quantitative survey of 250 industry professionals. The qualitative data were analyzed through thematic analysis to identify key marketing components and subcomponents. The quantitative data underwent exploratory factor analysis (EFA), calculating the coefficient of determination (R^2) and applying the Fornell-Larker criterion for assessing the constructs' discriminant validity.

The study identified four main marketing components as pivotal to the Iranian cinema industry: Audience Focus, Competition Focus, Market Orientation, and Brand Orientation. These components encompassed various subcomponents such as customer preferences, social responsibility, market segmentation, and brand awareness, each contributing to the holistic marketing strategy. The quantitative analysis validated these components and indicated a significant relationship between the identified marketing strategies and their effectiveness in increasing the cinema audience.

The study concludes that a comprehensive understanding and implementation of audience-focused, competition-driven, market-oriented, and brand-centered marketing strategies are crucial for the success and growth of the Iranian cinema industry.

Today, the importance and effectiveness of using UAVs in all kinds of military and civilian operations, including in electronic warfare operations, is not hidden from anyone. Command and control system according to the capabilities and limitations of forest drones is one of the basic requirements in the effective and successful use of military drones in this type of operation, therefore, the calculation of the criteria and indicators of command, control and communication of drones in electronic warfare operations is of great importance.This research is applied-developmental type and descriptive method and with a mixed approach (qualitative/quantitative) and in order to investigate the basic factors and validation, 7 experts were selected in a purposeful way and to complete the questionnaires, out of 90 people A simple stratified random sampling method of 81 people was selected. In this research, firstly, the information collected from sources, documents and documents was arranged in the form of research variables and relevant components, and its overlap with the opinions of experts regarding indicators and components was analyzed (content analysis) and the dispersion of opinions The experts converged with the analysis of the sources. After that, quantitative data were analyzed using cluster analysis using SPS software. S22 was done and finally both groups were analyzed in a mixed manner. In this way, with cluster analysis, it has introduced and prioritized the indicators of the command-and-control system for the use of drones in electronic warfare operations in the form of 6 indicators.

Technological changes lead to new threats and security attacks that create new and complex cyber security scenarios with data of high volume, speed and variety and different attack vectors that can exceed the cognitive skills of users and even security analysts. In this context, cognitive science can help cyber security users to improve the speed, accuracy and reliability of their reactions, decisions and actions while improving the cognitive capabilities and preparations of the cyber workforce by modeling human cognitive processes and using them in cyber cognitive technologies. Promote cyber operations and improve the organization's cyber security level. The present research is applied in terms of its purpose and in terms of the descriptive-content analysis method, which was implemented in a library manner. Since the studies related to human-centered cognitive cyber security are mostly qualitative and without quantitative data, meta-combination method is used as a suitable method to obtain a comprehensive combination of cognitive security. In this research, the seven-step model of Sandelowski and Barroso (2007) was used. The proposed cognitive model is composed of the components of situational awareness, self-awareness, awareness, and human in the loop, which considers the human factor as the main axis in the validation and decision-making processes to create the process of automation and awareness in the implementation of defined cognitive tasks. The fit of the model has been confirmed by sending, collecting and analyzing questionnaires to 20 experts in the field of cyber and cognitive sciences.

the method of this study is descriptive - sectional method that has been carried out on 300 employees of an oil refinery in Tehran . To collect data from the Demographic Information questionnaire, emotional intelligence questionnaire Siberia sharing, job stress questionnaire Parker&dekotis were also used to study behavior , from a behavioral questionnaire with 23 questions that safety compliance and safety participation , and were measured in a behavioral checklist that had an impact on 5 important behavior of permit exporters , which have also been influential in the instruction manual and in the past incidents.

 In this study, the percentage of safe behavior of work permits issuers 40.57 and their stress levels and emotional intelligence, respectively 2.26 & 3.12 have been. Investigating the relationship between emotional intelligence and the percentage of safe behavior statistically significant relationship (p=0.019) There is a correlation coefficient of 0.161 Also job stress with correlation coefficient -0.217   It has a significant relationship with emotional intelligence (p=0.001) Anxiety is also correlated -0.068 It has a significant and inverse relationship with the percentage of safe behavior (p=0.022)

Among the permit exporters in the refinery, people with higher emotional intelligence have been less stressful, and there is a higher safety behavior among them

Today, the corona virus has crossed all international borders and the emergence of this unknown virus has affected the lives and health of millions of people. The spread of coronavirus in the world, in addition to affecting all political, economic and social dimensions, has caused many psychological effects on the communities involved.

Published papers in Web of sience، pubmed، Magiran Scopus، Embase، Google Scholar، Science direct، ProQuest and Scopus databases were reviewed. Search items have included corona virus, psychological disorders, stress, anxiety, depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, mental health, etc. which searched in the mentioned databases in the period of 2019-2020. A total of 65 papers were found in which by eliminating similar cases, based on inclusion criteria and citing updated reports, finally 23 article were included in the study.

One of the most important consequences of the epidemic of coronavirus is its psychological effects. Concern factors related to the risk of disease, future employment status and sources of income for individuals and families, as well as the long period of home quarantine were influential in the development of psychological symptoms in the general public.

The level of anxiety created during the corona virus epidemic had a significant negative effect on self-efficacy and quality of life. Identifying the factors that endanger the mental health of different people in the community is essential to improve the mental health of people using appropriate treatment methods

The purpose of this study is to investigate the presence of under-reaction or over-reaction in Tehran Stock Exchange after extreme market events. Regarding the vast number of these events, finding how investors trade in these conditions is crucial for timely decision making and portfolio management. Regulations also can be wisely made to control investors.

Using daily TEDPIX and daily prices of all stocks from 2009 – 2018, we identify extreme market events by comparing daily market returns with the 500- days moving Value at Risk (VaR) of returns. Winner and loser portfolios are formed in the second stage and Then, we investigate the presence or absence of under-reaction or over-reaction by comparing momentum and reversal strategies' excess return. Positive values of momentum strategy excess returns lead us to under-reaction and positive values of reversal strategy lead us to an over-reaction.

According to the results from the present study, from 67 extreme events in the research period, we have 30 positive and 37 negative extreme events. The momentum strategy yields a positive and significant excess return on average. Consequently, we find that stocks tend to under-react after both positive and negative events. But this behavior is more intense after negative events. Thus, the momentum strategy can make excess returns. Also, we didn't find the persistence of over-reaction within the study criteria.

Short-term under-reaction in the Tehran Stock Exchange may be due to the daily price limit of this market. Disregarding of the cause, investors can make a profit by taking advantage of the opportunity in the days following an extreme event. In other words, investors that prefer a momentum strategy can have notable excess returns in the days following an extreme event.

Poetry, a literary and artistic creation, is a combination of different elements. Imagination and illustration are significant aspects of poetry. Imaginary elements in this genre of literature play an important role in its beauty and permanence. Among these, lyrical poems are among literary forms in which illustration is prominently visible. Lyrical poetry is a reflection of the poet's personal feelings and emotions. Some literary works such as Khamseh Nezami, which were copied during the Safavid period, are also a reflection of pictorial and imaginative elements. The study of the reflection of illustration in the poems of lyrical poems with the five paintings of Shah Tahmasebi can illuminate the deep connection between poetry and painting. This descriptive and analytical method seeks to study the forms of imagination and illustration in systems such as Nasrin and Firooz, Salim and Salmi, Nel and Daman, Naz and Niaz. The research findings indicate the deep presence of illustration and imagination in such poetic artworks. The use of rhetorical industry, style and innovation of illustration is almost the same in all systems, but the style of illustration of the story of "Nel and Deman" has changed outlook midway. The most common criteria used in the imagination and illustration of these few systems are on such axes as emotion, communication and information, social class, the position of the beloved, speech and conversation, carpentry, planets and natural elements. In Khamseh Shah Tahmasebi's paintings, the element of imagination and illustration such as mourning, beloved, speech and natural elements can be evidently seen.

1. The place of illustration and imagination in four systems: Salim and Salmi, Firooz and Nasrin, Nel and Daman, Naz and Niaz. 2. A comparative study of pictorial and imaginative elements in the lyrical poetry with the paintings of Khamseh Shah Tahmasebi.

 Research questions:

 1. What effect and role does imagery and imagination have on the poetry of Salim and Salmi, Firooz and Nasrin, Nel and Daman, Naz and Niaz? 2. What are the similarities between the pictorial and imaginative elements in lyrical poems such as Salim and Salmi, Firooz and Nasrin, Nel and Daman, Naz and Niaz with the five paintings of Shah Tahmasebi?

Background and musculoskeletal discomfort Much of the illness and disability employment constitute in the workplace. In order to prevent disorders Need to evaluate ergonomic in the Workplace. This study aimed to the relationship musculoskeletal discomfort with Ergonomic risk factors in jobs Based on the method WERA on the construction project is. On the this cross - sectional study, Jobs 42 workers (all workers) In the summer of 2014 in a project to build a mosque Tehran refinery martyr Tondgooyan with WERA method is evaluate. On the other hand, of Cornell questionnaires for the Assessment of musculoskeletal discomfort was used. Statistical analysis of the data collected with SPSS 16 software were performed. The average age of workers 24/7 ± 12/29, Most discomfort in the back and wrist and lowest for the lower leg and buttock. WERA Average final score equals 41/8 ± 78/38 was Which reflects the high-risk tasks For prevalence skeletal disorders is. Back trouble and wrist posture with the job Milling, drilling and other jobs is significant. ergonomic desk design for milling and inactivity in sitting position, the use of damping and anti-vibration gloves along with Training the importance of the natural posture the drilling and similar tasks, Training of cargo correctly, especially with the method of Scott and Free and avoiding of abnormal posture in construction jobs can be to reduce ergonomic risk factors in the workplace Reduce musculoskeletal disorders.

Tea contains high concentrations of fluoride; therefore, tea consumption may contribute significantly to the total fluoride intake. Since different teas contain various amounts of fluoride, this study was conducted to compare the fluoride extraction of four popular domestic and foreign tea brands using spectrophotometric and ionic chromatography methods.

In this study, two foreign black tea brands (Lipton and Ceylon) and two domestic tea brands (Golestan and Mozafar) were selected. Three packages of each tea brand with the same production date and different batch types were purchased. To each 4 g of dried tea, 100 ml of boiling deionized water was added and the mixture was left on a water bath for the extraction of fluoride for 20 minutes at 85oc and then analyzed with spectrophotometric and ionic chromatography methods. ANOVA, Duncan and paired t tests were used for statistical analysis.

All four tea infusions had a considerable fluoride concentration (2.7-4.44ppm, using ionic chromatography and 2.77-4.38ppm using spectrophotometry). There was a significant difference between the fluoride concentration of these four tea brands (p<.05), of which Lipton had the highest floride concentration. Based on this research, there was no significant difference between spectrophotometry and ionic chromatography methods in determining the concentration of fluoride ions.

The mean fluoride concentration in Lipton tea was significantly higher than the other brands. There was no significant difference between spectrophotometric and ionic chromatography.