nematollah behragham

Learning Arabic syntax in Iranian universities is an important lessson in teaching Arabic language,and has many challenges,obstacles. Of course,these barriers are not limited to Iranian students,Arabs are also faced with these challenges in learning Arabic syntax. This research uses a descriptive-analytical method to study the traditional,modern methods of teaching Arabic syntax,the problems,obstacles facing undergraduate students in Arabic language,literature in order to find solutions to these challenges,barriers,the three main components of the teaching,learning process,including a professor,student,subject matter,have been studied. The results of the research showed that only one method cannot be emphasized,ignored other methods,in order to do so,taking all educational practices into account,they should eliminate the inefficient methods of teaching syntax,pave the ground for students to participate in the classroom and,based on examples of students' daily life,professors should introduce a book to students that presented a methodology,avoid the syntactic rules of use,the differences between the synagogues of Basra,Kufa.

In spite of the fact that paradox as an unknown literary device has largely been ignored, it has been a source of amazement and, consequently, aesthetic joy due to deviation from norm, ambiguity, the saliency of meaning, and laconism. One of the subtle points receiving little attention in Arabic literature, especially in Nahjol Balaghah, is the study of paradoxical elements. The most significant factors contributing to the high frequency of this artistic device in the Master of Speech (Ali-peace be upon him) are the mystical and spiritual experiences, punctiliousness, imagination and the dominant social and political atmosphere of the society at that time. The current research aimed at study the paradoxes from formal and functional perspectives and the reasons and areas of its formation in Imam Ali's speech. Due to his wonderful command of language and diction, Ali benefited from all the paradoxical devices and expressions to develop themes and concepts in an artistic and frequent manner.

One of the elements such as rhythmic rhyme along with other aesthetic element makes the importance of language. For the inner layers of the structure of sounds pleasant and beautiful words can convey meaning and feeling. Top features an artistic masterpiece of Imam Ali (as) great ideas mentioned at best. As the soul of the listener to capture. In this paper, the features of musical sermon was investigated ghosts and its relation to the text. This study, library and using the content analysis method.

There is no doubt that fantastic whispers and melodies of love terms, which have found its way into sonnet envelope through the body of Arabic poetry and literature and drew poets’ attention ever- increasingly and welcomed by them, were followed by a type of verse that was seriously affected by charming and nice odes recited by well-known literary characters at Age of Jahelid. At the beginning of their verses, by orientation of rising and turbulent waves on the endless shores of emotions and feelings, they lay foundations for sonnet frameworks and prepared platform for change and development in literary attitude of poets at the next periods. Following of sociopolitical and economic developments, the Islamic and Umayyad periods which are considered as turning point in Arabic history, neologism and innovation seemed inevitable in poetic themes including sonnet; so that making effort for creation of modern principles and bases was substituted by adaptation of the pre- accepted principles. Sonnet versifiers in Umayyad era organized their own new principles and introduced sonnet as an independent poetic theme while romantic odes at the beginning of poems were not faded away by inspiration from attribute of power honesty and consolidation against modern branches of poetic frameworks and managed to survive dynamically