omid hamidi

The aim of this study was to investigate the lived experiences of married couples who have undergone attachment trauma (insecure attachment). It employed a qualitative methodology, specifically utilizing interpretive phenomenology and the Van Mannen analytical method. All couples referred to counseling centers in Kermanshah in 2020 constituted the target population, and criterion-based purposive sampling was used to select the sample. The clients completed the Carver Measure of Attachment Qualities. Those who exhibited insecure attachment and were more likely to participate in the study were interviewed in a semi-structured format until saturation was reached. The final tally of participants was fourteen, comprised of eight females and six males. Data were collected, recorded, coded, and classified into main themes and sub-themes. The data were analyzed utilizing Van Manen’s method of theme analysis, which extracted themes in accordance with three distinct approaches—general, selective, and fragmentary. Thirty subthemes and five overarching themes are discerned through this analysis: disturbed communication patterns, the presence of mental disorders and emotional regulation difficulties, domestic violence and aggression, disrupted sexual relations, and troubled romantic and interpersonal relationships. The emotional dissolution of a married couple’s existence is the result of communication patterns that have been disrupted by attachment trauma. Therefore, it is imperative to implement training programs and conduct enrichment courses that are grounded in the adult’s attachment style in order to mitigate couple conflicts.

The present study was conducted to predicting marital jealousy based on self-differentiation components and attachment styles. This is a descriptive correlational study. The statistical population of this study is all married people in 2nd and 5th areas of Tehran in 2020, That 200 of them were selected by available sampling method and they completed the Multidimensional Scale of Marital Jealousy (Pfeiffer & Wong, 1989), Revised Adult Attachment Scale (Collins & Reid, 1990), and Self-Differentiation Questionnaire (Skowron & Friedlander, 1998). The data were analyzed by Pearson Correlation and Regression Analysis. The results of this study showed that the Marital Jealousy have a negative relationship with Secure Attachment, and have a positive relationship with Avoidance and Anxiety Attachment. In Self-Differentiation levels, I position was positively associated with Marital Jealousy, and three other dimensions, namely Emotional Reactivity, Fusion with others, and Emotional Cutoff, were negatively associated with Marital Jealousy. Among Attachment Styles, Anxiety Attachment Style is a significant predictive for the cognitive dimension of Marital Jealousy. It can be concluded that the Marital Jealousy is predictable by the dimensions of Attachment and Self-Differentiation. Therefore, by improving Self-Differentiation and Attachment Styles, can be reduced negative effects of Marital Jealousy in Couples.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the mediating role of resilience between the components of dyadic Perfectionism and emotional divorce components. This research is descriptive and correlational. The statistical population includes all married women living in the 13th district of Tehran in 2020, of which 360 were selected by available sampling method and they completed the Emotional Divorce Scale, Dyadic Perfectionism Scale and Resilience Questionnaire. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation and Path analysis. The findings showed that there is a significant relationship between all components of emotional divorce, resilience and all components of dyadic perfectionism (p<0.05), Also, resilience mediates the relationship between all components of marital dyadic perfectionism and all components of emotional divorce. The results showed that resilience can play a positive role in controlling marital dyadic perfectionism as well as emotional divorce.

One of the complications of hemodialysis treatment is hypotension, which can increase morbidity and mortality and compromise dialysis efficacy. Dialysate temperature is an important factor that contributes to hemodynamic stability during hemodialysis. This study investigated the effect of dialysate temperature on the patients' blood pressure and pulse rate. Model-based approaches were used to produce more reliable results compared with traditional methods.

A total of 30 patients were studied during 9 dialysis sessions. Dialysate temperatures were 37°C,36°C and 35° C. A joint longitudinal model was used to analyze both responses of blood pressure and pulserate, simultaneously.

The results showed that low-dialysate temperature was not significantly associated with higher systolic blood pressure (p>0.05) or a higher pulse rate (p>0.05) either during or after dialysis. Pulse rate and blood pressure were higher for women during dialysate (p<0.001). However, increasing age was associated with higher blood pressure and a lower pulse rate (p<0.001).

Using several separate, repeated measure analysis of variances may produce misleading results, when there is more than one response variable measured over time, Multivariate statistical methods (including joint longitudinal models), should be used.

The aim of this study was to test the structural equation model of relationships between attachment styles and self-differentiation with academic performance of university students with the mediating role of health-promoting lifestyle.

The method of this research was descriptive and correlation type. The statistical population consisted of all undergraduate students of Shahid Beheshti University (1554 people) in the academic year of 2018-2019. The sample size was estimated to be 308 based on Cochran formula. Eventually 305 questionnaires were finalized. Research tools included the Self-Distinction Questionnaire (Skowron & Schmitt, 2003), the Adults Attachment Inventory (AAI) (Hazen and Shaver, 1987), the Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile (Walker, Sichrist & Pender, 1995) and the Educational Performance Test (Pham and Taylor, 1999) were used and data were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistical methods (Pearson correlation, path analysis and structural equation modeling) using SPSS 23 and AMOS 26 statistical softwares.

The results showed that attachment styles and self-differentiation have a significant relationship with academic performance and these variables are able to directly predict academic performance (p<0.01). Promotional lifestyles can also play a mediating role between attachment styles and self-differentiation with academic performance (p<0.01).

Regarding the relationship between attachment styles, self-differentiation and health-promoting lifestyle with academic performance, special attention to these variables is necessary to improve student performance.

The main purpose of this study is experimental and numerical investigation on failure of resistance spot welded Al6061-T6 joint under tensile-shear test using damage model. Today using aluminum alloys in automobiles’ structure is increases to reduce weight and fuel consuming. The strength of an automobile’s structure completely depends on the quality of the strength and the quality of the welded joints. So, study the strength of these welded joints is very essential to obtain safe structures. In this study Gurson-Tevergaard-Needleman (GTN) model is utilized to study the failure of welded joint. A finite element (FE) model is developed to simulate failure of the welded joint under tensile-shear test. To validate the FE model, 7 series of samples are welded with different welding parameters (minimum 5.72 mm and maximum 8.41 mm) to obtain altered nugget size. The comparison between experimental and FE model results’ shows that the different between results is approximately 2% and the GTN model has a good reliability to predict the failure force. In addition the results show that the FE model can predict truly the starting of failure in the welded joint.

One of the problems that families are involved with is the experience of violence, especially Emotional Abuse. The purpose of this study was to investigate the mediating role of Self-Differentiation between the components of Co-Dependency and Emotional Abuse components. This is a Descriptive Correlational study. The Statistical Population of the present study was all married female students of the Shahid Beheshti University of Tehran in 2018. That 250 of them were selected by available sampling method and they completed the Emotional Abuse Scale, Holyoake Co-Dependency Scale and Self-Differentiation Questionnaire. the data were analyzed by Pearson Correlation and Path Analysis. The results showed that there is a significant relationship between all components of Co-Dependency, Self-Differentiation and all components of Emotional Abuse (p < 0.05), as well as Self-Differentiation in the relationship between all components of Co-Dependency with all components of Emotional Abuse, except the Emotional Reactivity component, play a mediating role. Self-Differentiation as a mediator can modify the relationship between Co-Dependency with Emotional Abuse. Therefore, the emphasis on Self-Differentiation training can be considered in order to reduces the effects of Co-Dependency and Emotional Abuse.

The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of Pennsylvania resilience program on mental well-being (satisfaction of life and positive-negative emotions) and academic expectations stress in students with visual impairment in Tehran.

This experimental study was a pretest-posttest design with a follow-up test. The statistical population of the present study consisted of all first grade high school male students (12-15 years) with visual impairment in Tehran in 2019 that Shahid Mohebbi School was selected non-randomly. Thirty two students with visual impairment at the school were randomly selected and assigned to two experimental and control groups (16 in each group). Then the Pennsylvania Resilience Program was conducted in 7 sessions per week for two sessions. The Positive-Negative Affective Program, Life Satisfaction Scale and the Academic Expectations Stress Inventory were used as the research instruments. .Analysis of covariance and SPSS23 statistical software were used to analyze the data.

The results showed that education of Pennsylvania’s Resilience program significantly increased Life Satisfaction and Positive Emotions while it reduced Negative Emotions and Academic Stress in the experimental group (P< 0/01). These results were also preserved in the follow-up test (P< 0/01).

The results of the present study show that Pennsylvania’s Resiliency Program can be used to improve the mental health of individuals against stress and improve their mental well-being.

Breast cancer is the first non-cutaneous malignancy in women and the second cause of death due to cancer all over the world. There are situations where researchers are interested in dynamic prediction of survival of patients where traditional models might fail to achieve this goal. We aimed to use a dynamic prediction model in analyzing survival of breast cancer patients.

  We used a data set originates from a retrospective cohort (registry-based) study conducted in 2014 in Tehran, Iran, information of 550 patients were available analyzed. A method of landmarking was utilized for dynamic prediction of survival of the patients. The criteria of time-dependent area under the curve and prediction error curve were used to evaluate the performance of the model.

An index of risk score (prognostic index) was calculated according to the available covariates based on Cox proportional hazards. Therefore, hazard of dying for a high-risk patient with breast cancer within the next five years was 2.69 to 3.04 times of that for a low-risk patient. The value of the dynamic C-index was 0.89 using prognostic index as covariate.

Generally, the landmark model showed promising performance in predicting survival or probability of dying for breast cancer patients in this study in a predefined window. Therefore, this model can be used in other studies as a useful model for investigating the survival of breast cancer patients.

The purpose of this research was to investigate the efficacy of group logotherapy on self- esteem and psychological well-being of female students with love trauma syndrome. The semi-experimental design: pre-post test and follow-up with control group was used in this study. Populations were all female students of Kurdestan Univesity in 2017 and were selected through purposive sampling method. Sample numbers were 24 students that gained high scores on Love Trauma Inventory and randomly assigned to control and experiment groups (each group included 12 students).Also the Rosenberg self-esteem scale and Ryff's Scales of Psychological Well-being was completed by both groups.The experiment group exposed to 10 instruction sessions of group logotherapy and the control group received no intervention.By ending the therapeutic period, both groups were examined by mentioned inventory in post-test stage and follow-up was performed after 1 month. Finally, the results were analyzed with using multivariate analysis of covariance. The results showed that there is significant difference between posttest scores of self- esteem and psychological well-being at experimental and control groups and the logotherapy had positive effect on experimental group.These results were also preserved in the follow-up stage. The overall results indicate that group logotherapy can be used as an effective treatment on the increases of self- esteem and psychological well-being.

Intercultural marriages are rising due to the growing global connections and mass media, and to consider marital satisfaction is important as the most basic factor in the sustainability and durability of common life in these marriages. So the aim of the present research was studying of lived experiences of couples' marital satisfaction from Kurdish, Arab, and Bakhtiari cultures cultures that was conducted in a qualitative method and using a phenomenological approach. 16 couples (32 people / 16 women and 16 men) with intercultural marriages, were selected by purposive sampling method and voluntary to saturation and were studied using semi-structured interviews. Then data were collected, registered, encoded and classified in fram main and sub theme. By analyzing the participants' experiences, was identified 750 primary codes, 20 subthemes, and 5 main themes, including premarriage processes, perceiving the presence of families, decisions about children, perception of communication and marital dimensions, perception of the general needs of intercultural marriages and perception of the challenges of intercultural marriage. The findings showed that the perception of communication and marital dimensions with sub-themes such as the vital role of support and understanding' spouse, communication and marital facilitating strategies, and the experience of perceiving the differences and similarities in personality was in center of marital satisfaction' experience. This study will have important concepts for family counselors and will be useful in enriching and promoting intercultural couples' relationships.

Social participation is one of the most important concepts in diseases. Considering the complications of phenylketonuria and the role of mothers as one of the family members, this study aimed at comparing the social participation of mothers of children with phenylketonuria and mothers of healthy children in Hamadan.
In this descriptive-comparative study, 65 mothers with phenylketonuria and 122 healthy mothers in Hamedan in during year 2016 participated. Convenience samples were selected from mothers with phenylketonuria and simple sampling was used to select from mothers of healthy children. The instruments used included demographic information and the questionnaire of “Social Participation Factors of Woman”. Reliability of the questionnaire was obtained by the test-retest method and with intra-class correlation. Data was analyzed using SPSS 23 software.
Social participation in 98.5% of mothers was at a moderate level and in 1.5% it was satisfactory. Social participation in mothers of phenyl ketoneuria children with healthy mothers was statistically significant (P = 0.043). There was a significant correlation between the level of education and social participation of mothers of phenylketonuria children (P = 0.045), yet the effect of income variables, marital status, and gender of the child and the child of phenylketonuria had no significant effect on the social participation of mothers (P > 0.05). The social participation of mothers of phenylketonuria children was low. It is suggested that rehabilitation and psychological interventions should be included to promote the level of social participation of mothers alongside the children's treatment plan.
Social partnerships for mothers of phenyl ketanoric children was at a low level. It is suggested that rehabilitation and psychological interventions should be included to promote the level of social participation of mothers alongside the children's treatment plan.

Kidney transplantation is the best alternative treatment for end-stage renal disease. Several studies have been devoted to investigate predisposing factors of graft rejection. However, there is inconsistency between the results. The objective of the present study was to utilize an intuitive and robust approach for variable selection, random survival forests (RSF), and to identify important risk factors in kidney transplantation patients. The data set included 378 patients with kidney transplantation obtained through a historical cohort study in Hamadan, western Iran, from 1994 to 2011. The event of interest was chronic nonreversible graft rejection and the duration between kidney transplantation and rejection was considered as the survival time. RSF method was used to identify important risk factors for survival of the patients among the potential predictors of graft rejection. The mean survival time was 7.35±4.62 yr. Thirty-seven episodes of rejection were occurred. The most important predictors of survival were cold ischemic time, recipient's age, creatinine level at discharge, donors’ age and duration of hospitalization. RSF method predicted survival better than the conventional Cox-proportional hazards model (out-of-bag C-index of 0.965 for RSF vs. 0.766 for Cox model and integrated Brier score of 0.081 for RSF vs. 0.088 for Cox model). A RSF model in the kidney transplantation patients outperformed traditional Cox-proportional hazard model. RSF is a promising method that may serve as a more intuitive approach to identify important risk factors for graft rejection.

Accidents and their resulting losses are one of the critical public health issues. Identification the near misses offer the opportunity to improve safety by developing effective prevention approach. The main objective of this study was to investigate the effects of two types of intervention in increasing the participation of first line managers in reporting near misses. In order to increase the participation, the Green Card System (GCS) was implemented. After preliminary studies, in order to increase the participation rate, the decision was taken to implement the intervention program. In this program, first line managers were divided into two groups. For the control group, the bonus was increased to double whereas, for the experimental group, in addition to the two-fold increasing remuneration (bonus), appropriate feedback and actions carried out in the context of reported near misses, were presented through regular collaborative meetings. The results showed that six months after the stop of the intervention, the rate of participation in both groups showed a significant increase. After 18 months of intervention, the participation trend in both groups was downward. However, this reduction was only significant in the control group. The findings highlight the long-term effects of the intervention of financial payments along with providing appropriate feedback.

The purpose of this study was to explore the relationships between the morality and personal values of Couples and their marital satisfaction in city of Moghan. In this study 125 couples (with one partner occupied as public school teacher in the city of Moghan) were selected by cluster random sampling and administered with the Enrich marital satisfaction, Moral foundations questionnaire and Schwartz’s values scale. Data was analyzed with statistical methods (Pearson correlation, t-test and stepwise regression). The results showed that there was a significant positive relationship between morality and personal values (except hedonistic/pleasure oriented values). Also the results showed that in the moral dimensions (fairness and care/harm), there was a significant difference between men and women Also there was significant difference between men and women in marital satisfaction. The moral foundations were positively associated to all personal values except of the hedonistic/pleasure oriented values.Women and men showed significant differences in their value priorities of conformity, universalism and security. In the traditional religious context of the Moghan region of Iran for middle class niveau couples with teacher status, sexes seem to differ in their moral and values priorities. The paper discusses the relationships between the variables for men and women and their role in the marital satisfaction in regard to this specificcultural context.

The purpose of this research was to explore the relationship between the personal values, and death anxiety among MS patients in Tehran. For this purpose 167 patients (103 female, 64 male) from the Tehran MS Society were selected by random sampling. The instruments used in this study were the Schwartz Value Scale (SVS) and the Death Anxiety Scale (DAS). Multivariable regression, Pearson correlation coefficient, and t-test for comparisons between female and male patients were used for data analysis. The results showed that there are significant correlation between personal values and death anxiety and there are significant negative correlations between all subscales of personal values (except for power) with death anxiety.In the prioritization of values, there are significant differences between men and women. Also from thr morphological values, conformity, achievement, universalism, and tradition can significantly predict death anxiety.

Missing data is a common problem in survey based research. There are many packages that compensate for missing data but few can easily compensate for missing longitudinal data. WinBUGS compensates for missing data using multiple imputation, and is able to incorporate longitudinal structure using random effects. We demonstrate the superiority of longitudinal imputation over cross-sectional imputation using WinBUGS. We use example data from the Australian Longitudinal Study on Woman’s Health. We give a SAS macro that uses WinBUGS to analyze longitudinal models with missing covariate data, and demonstrate its use in a longitudinal study of terminal cancer patients and their carers.