فهرست مطالب parviz rastegar jazi

 The historical-analytical outlook of a survey of the emergence and evolution of Quran tafsirs indicate various hermeneutical approaches coupled with the interpreters' various qualifications and characters. It has been so effective that the coming of various interpreters and their modern tafsirs are followed by various and variable elements in appreciating the meanings of the Holy Quran. Now the noteworthy query is as follows: What is the source of the differences in understanding the Holy Quran? A wide range of answers have been given to this query. These answers are functions of the very text of the Holy Quran and/or the character of the Quran interpreters. However, the main hypothesis of this paper is that one of the causes of such discrepancies pertains to the differences of the interpreters over the differences that pertain to appreciation and tafsir of the Quran as emanating from the interpreters' approaches to the tafsir clues. As both Ayatollah Sadeqi Tehrani and the Sunni scholar Muhammad Ezzat Daruzah have adopted an ijtihad-based outlook to interpreting the Divine verses, the present paper draws upon Ayatollah Sadeqi Tehrani's book al-Furqan fi Tafsir al-Quran bi al-Quran wa al-Sunnah, and Daruzah's al-Tafsir al-Hadith. It indicates that various tafsirs emanate from the interpreters' approaches to the tafsir clues.

Undoubtedly, in order to understand the Qurchr('39')an, the audience must be aware of the angles of the revelation of the Qurchr('39')an, culture, customs, environment, dignity and means of revelation.Such an understanding will not be achieved without concerning whatever said. This article is to examine the relationship between the first verses of the surah   Al-Imran and the event of Mubahila in three parts with the plan of dating Surah Al-Imran and the historical event of Mubahila, a study of signification and authenticity of  verses and narrations, correspondence and the arrival of tribes in Medina, gives a clear and correct understanding of the non-coincidence of the revelation of the verses of Surah Al-Imran and the event of Mubahila. The concurrence of verse 61 of Al-Imran with the occurrence of Mubahila, caused confusion caused by revelation and coincidence in revelation.  Surah Al-Imran has been revealed in the third year by examining the authenticity and signification, considering the narrations of the order of revelation and definite historical events in the verses. Despite the fact that Mubahila is a definite historical event, it does not coincide with the decline of Al-Imran. The article is written by descriptive-analytical method and using verses, narrations and historical documents.

The Shiite jurisprudence, due to its comprehensiveness, is one of the richest and most important sources which can be applied in studying the etiquettes and moralities involved in business. The jurists have mentioned various teachings in form of religious precepts including obligatory, unlawful, recommended and disliked rules in the legal works devoted to business and trading in Islam. Such legal teachings can create certain principles and bases known as professional ethics used in the fields of economics, business and industries. Furthermore, such principles have been reflected in some professional texts, particularly in some chivalry-manifestos presented by certain business. This essay, as a legal research, seeks to indicate the degree of Shiite jurisprudential influence on the emergence of specific principles of professional ethics in different business using a library base and descriptive method and by comparing the legal texts on the one hand and the professional texts on the other. The main question which this essay tries to answer is to know what principles can be inferred from analyzing and comparing the Shiite jurisprudential teachings and the professional texts written in this regard. Based on the findings of this article, the following principles can be extracted from the above mentioned analysis: the obligation of providing livelihood, and giving reverence to business, the necessity of gaining knowledge for business, the necessity of pursuing the example of religious role models in different businesses, the requirement of attending to ethics and spirituality in work, the obligation of adding prayer and devotion in all works. The blessing in work and business can take place in the light of proper businesses which can be achieved through legal analysis and by supervising the jobs as one of the principles of professional ethics in business.