poursharifi h

Diabetes as a chronic disease demand special self-care behaviors lifelong. Psychological factors have an important role in adherence of self-care programs among diabetes patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of personality characteristics and coping strategies in self-care among patients with type 2 diabetes.

In this descriptive cross-sectional study، 320 patients with type 2 diabetes (147 females and 173 males) were selected by convenience sampling method in Diabetes Society and Sina Hospital in Tabriz and then administered by NEO-Five Factor Personality Inventory (NEO-FFPI)، Lazarus-Folkman Coping Questionnaire and Diabetes Self-Care Activities Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficients and path analysis.

Results of path analysis showed that neuroticism، extroversion and conscientiousness could predict self-care behaviors among patients with type 2 diabetes، and both of emotional and problem-focused coping strategies could moderate the relationships between personality characteristics and self-care behaviors.

Coping strategies affect relationship between personality characteristics and self-care in among patients with type 2 diabetes. Results of this research can be helpful in preventive policies، determining high risk patients in poor adherence of self-care programs and designing of psychological interventions.

Diabetes is the source of stress for people suffering from the disease. Diabetes-related stress has numerous negative psychological effects. This study was conducted aiming at determining the role of type D personality in the effect of stress on HbAlc and cortisol secretion.

the present correlational study which was a retrospective research, was conducted in 2011 and 2012 on all women with type II diabetes, who were member of Yazd Diabetes Research Centre, 80 patients were selected by multistage cluster sampling. They completed some questionnaires including the depression scale, anxiety scale (DASS), stress as well as type D personality questionnaires. Then, their fasting blood was tested and the effect of stress and personality type on HbAlc and cortisol level was evaluated. Data was analyzed using SPSS 18 software and statistical tests including Pearson correlation coefficient and stepwise regression analysis.

There were significant relationship between stress and personality type; cortisol and HbAlc; and cortisol and HbAlc. Based on the results of the regression analysis, stress factor by itself (p=0.001), and together with personality type (p=0.001) had effect on HbAlc. Moreover, stress factor by itself (p=0.002), and together with personality type (p=0.001) had effect on cortisol level. Stress and personality type scales explained 0.312 of the HbAlc variance and 0.28 of the cortisol variance.

Stress and personality type are correlated with the level of cortisol serum and HbAlc. Moreover, personality type acts in line with the increase in the impact of stress on patients with diabetes.

The present research investigates the effects of neurofeedback on visual memory. This study is an experimental study. For this reason, 30 students in 2 groups of experimental and placebo were investigated. Subjects were assessed with the Wechsler Visual Memory Scale in two stages (pre-test and post-test). Data were analyzed through ANCOVA. The results revealed that after 20 sessions of neurofeedback training, the experimental group exhibited improvement in visual memory. The two groups had significant differences in visual memory. Neurofeedback (NF) refers to an operant conditioning paradigm where participants can learn voluntary control of distinct parameters of their electrical brain activity as measured by the electroencephalogram (EEG). Recent research focused on healthy individuals providing evidence that subjects are able to gain some control over different EEG components and thereby increase performance levels of memory, for example.

The purpose of the study was to determine the efficacy of motivational interviewing on lifestyle self-efficacy in terms of weight in men. The present research is an experimental study with Pre-test, post-test and a control group that was conducted at different time on 40 subjects suffering from overweight and obesity (Body Mass Index more than 25) working in Isfahan Poly Akril Company in 2009. The subjects were selected by random sampling and were randomly classified into the experimental group (n=20) and the control group (n=20). The intervention consisting of five sessions of group motivational interviewing and weight controlling program was given to the experimental group. The obtained data were analyzed using statistical tests of covariance analysis and dependent t-test, via weight efficacy lifestyle questionnaire. The score of the group receiving motivational interview was significantly higher than the control group in general weight self-efficacy lifestyle scale (p=0.0001) and all its subscales including availability of nutrition (p=0.0001), social pressures (p=0.0001), physical discomfort (p=0.006), negative emotions (p=0.002) and positive entertaining activities (p=0.0001). Including motivational interview in usual weight controlling programs can increase weight self-efficacy lifestyle as a predicting index of losing weight.

The aim of the present study was to assess the psychometric properties of weight efficacy lifestyle questionnaire (WEL). This experiment is a cross-sectional study. The subjects consisted of 118 individuals with BMI higher than 25 kg/m2 who were selected using available sampling and then were evaluated using WEL. Reliability was evaluated by test-retest method and validity was assessed using different methods such as factor analysis, principal component analysis, items correlation with the total score and with Shrer general self efficacy questionnaire and external validity. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, T test, Pearson correlation coefficient and factor analysis. Test-retest reliability coefficient of WEL was 0/91. Using factor analysis revealed and confirmed five subscales of original WEL including "negative emotions", "availability", "social pressures", "physical discomfort" and "positive amusing activities". Furthermore, the correlation of five factors with the total scores, the significant correlation of WEL with total scores of Shrer general self efficacy questionnaire (r=0.62; p<0.001) and the increase in total scores after nutrition education, all indicated the questionnaire’s efficiency. WEL has a highly significant validity and reliability and is suitable to be used in educational, clinical and research domains.