فهرست مطالب rashin mohseni

Neuroblastoma (NB) is one of the most prevalent childrenchr('39')s neoplasm and some of which still do not respond to common treatments and is an ideal candidate for NK cell immune therapy. In this research, we have performed cytokine activation of NKs by using proper interleukins to obtain more cytolysis which was evaluated in vitro and in vivo.

Isolation of NKs from human peripheral blood was performed using CD56 marker via magnetic activated cell sorter (MACS). The IL-2 and IL-15 cytokines were used for proliferation, and IL-21 for activation of cells. The neuroblastoma model was developed using the SK-N-SH cell line in Nude mice. The in vitro effect of the NKs on the two neuroblastoma lines were assessed after activation and via flow cytometry confirmation.

The results showed that at the ratio of 1:10 the IL-21 activated NKs lysed 94% of the SK-N-SH and 91% of the CHLA-255 cell lines (P<0.05), in spite of the only 40% and 38% of lysis for these cell lines without activation (P<0.05), respectively. The NKs activated by IL-21 were able to eliminate 70% (P<0.05) of the xenograft neuroblastoma tumors in nude mice.

The present investigation was showed that the activation of NK cells using IL-21 can be useful in the treatment of neuroblastoma and could be applied in future clinical trials.

There are many types of leukocytes reside in subcutaneous adipose tissue, and among them, Natural Killer cells (NKs) comprise a major part. We show that the NK cells that reside in the subcutaneous adipose tissue (ADNKs) of the abdominal region found with phenotypic differences from the NKs circulating in the peripheral blood (PBNKs).
In this experimental survey flow cytometry phenotyping was used to study the differences between the natural cytotoxicity receptor expression on ADNKs and PBNKs of both obese (BMI>30) and lean persons (BMI The activation experiments on NK cells revealed the main population of the CD56dim within the total ADNKs of obese persons has an under-expression of NKp30 and NKp44 despite the unchanged levels of NKG2D.
The data suggest the suppressive condition of the adipose tissue niche on the NKs response against sensitive neoplastic cells. As the NKs are the first line of the body’s defense versus tumor formation, this change may lead to the development of transformed cells into the tumors.

Much attention has been paid to the idea of cell therapy using stem cells from different sources of the body. Fat-derived stem cells that are called adipose derived stem cells (ADSCs) from stromal vascular fraction (SVF) are the subject of many studies in several cell therapy clinical trials. Despite production of some GMP-grade enzymes to isolate SVF for clinical trials, there are critical conditions like inconsistency in lot-to-lot enzyme activity, endotoxin residues, other protease activities and cleavage of some cell surface markers which significantly narrow the options. So we decided to develop a new method via sonication cavitation to homogenize fat tissue and disrupt partially adipose cells to obtain SVF and finally ADSCs at a minimum of time and expenses.
The fat tissue was chopped in a sterile condition by a blender mixer and then sonicated for 2 s before centrifugation. The next steps were performed as the regular methods of SVF harvesting, and then it was characterized using flow cytometry.
Analysis of the surface markers of the cells revealed similar sets of surface antigens. The cells showed slightly high expression of CD34, CD73 and CD105. The differentiation capacity of these cells indicates that multipotent properties of the cells are not compromised after sonication. But we had the less osteogenic potential of cells when compared with the enzymatic method.
The current protocol based on the sonication-mediated cavitation is a rapid, safe and cost-effective method, which is proposed for isolation of SVF and of course ADSCs cultures in a large scale for the clinical trials or therapeutic purposes.

Today, it has been confirmed that the viral infections play an important role in premature delivery and abortion. This study was carried out to determine the frequency rate of papilloma virus types 16 and 18 in pregnant women and their relationship with premature delivery and abortion. In this study, vaginal secretions were collected from pregnant women who had been referred to the women clinics in Tonekabon, a city in North of Iran. The samples were used to amplify E6 gene of papilloma virus through Polymerase Chain Reaction method. The results were analyzed by χ2 statistical test. Of 47 tested samples, 14 cases were infected with type 16 papilloma virus (HPV16) (29.78%), while 3 cases were infected with type 18 papilloma virus (HPV18) (6.38%). Papilloma virus infection had no significant relationship with abortion and premature delivery. Considering the obtained findings, it appears that a high percentage of the study population was infected with HPV16 virus. Therefore, risk of affliction with abortion and premature delivery can be decreased up to a limit in this region by screening before pregnancy.

Bacterial vaginosis or non-specific vaginitis describes the disease caused by a change in the normal Flora of the vagina, which leads to the elimination of Lactobacilli, generating hydrogen peroxide and excess growth of bacteria, particularly anaerobic bacteria. This disease is the most prevalent infection of the female genital tract, and the rate of frequency of anaerobic bacteria, specifically vaginal species of Gardnerella and Mycoplasma, is 100 to 1,000 times higher than that of healthy individuals. To determine the rate of frequency of Gardnerella vaginalis, Mycoplasma genitalium and Neisseria gonorrhoeae, which are present in bacterial vaginosis. samples of vaginal secretions of pregnant women referred to the Women’s Clinic in the Tonekabon Township were obtained. In order to detect the presence of Gardnerella vaginalis, Mycoplasma genitalium and Neisseria gonorrhoeae, the samples were studied using the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) method. After obtaining the data, the results were analysed using the Chi-square (x2) test. Of the 44 samples tested, 3 cases were found to contain Gardnerella vaginalis (6.81 percent), 2 cases to contain Neisseria gonorrhoeae (4.54 percent), and 10 cases to contain Mycoplasma genitalium (22.72 percent). Statistical analysis showed that Mycoplasma genitalium was significantly related to the consequence of abortion. However, there was no relationship between infections caused by Gardernerella vaginalis, Mycoplasma genitalium and Neisseria gonorrhoeae with premature delivery and hospitalization of the newborn in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). Considering the findings, it seems that a low percentage of the studied populations were afflicted by the bacterial vaginosis.

Aflatoxin is important in the food industry، in animal husbandry and the medical area; there are enormous negative economic impacts due to this toxin. Numerous studies have researched extracts and plant compounds with the intent to reduce the growth of aflatoxin-producing organisms، inhibit toxin production and suppress the major toxin encoded genes (i. e.، aflR) in these organisms. Licorice is an important plant in traditional medicine that possesses numerous antimicrobial activities. There is no report regarding the effects of licorice or its mechanism of action on the aflatoxin-producing Aspergillus species. The present study focuses on the inhibitory effects of licorice extract on aflR gene expression and the growth and survival of Aspergillus parasiticus (A. parasiticus). After the culture of A. parasiticus in toxin-inducer medium، we measured the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) for licorice extract. The aflatoxin concentration in the control and treated media was determined by HPLC. After harvesting the fungi from the toxin-inducing medium، its mRNA was extracted and cDNA synthesized by universal primers. The quantitative change in the aflR expression was analyzed via real-time PCR. Statistical analysis was performed by SPSS (v16). The production of fungal mycelium decreased with increasing concentrations of licorice extract. The highest inhibitory concentration observed was 500 mg/ml of the extract. HPLC analyses revealed that the 10 mg/ml concentration of licorice extract inhibited toxin production by 99. 9%. At this concentration، aflR gene expression was suppressed up to 40% as documented by quantitative RT-PCR analysis. Overall we concluded that the Licorice extract could inhibit the aflR gene expression and consequently the aflatoxin production efficiently in the A. parasiticus.