reza abbaspour

This article was done with the purpose of extracting the needs and expectations of students from the teaching and social education situation, which also included the evaluation of students.

The method of this research was a survey in which a questionnaire was used and 400 students of Azad University of Mashhad branch were selected as a sample.

Among students' needs, the highest average (3.77) belonged to the need for job training. After that, the need to train practical skills with an average of 3.63 was the highest need and then the need to train social skills with an average of 3.62 were ranked next. That is, the most needs were related to job needs, which expressed concern about the future. Also, social skills and the need to have professors with characteristics related to these needs were in the next stage.

The results showed the needs that were related to professors' teaching and the way of social education of professors in the classroom. In the evaluations, the students gave a lower score to the same components, which shows that professors need more training.

Man, as the best of creations and God's original creation, was created from the worthless and immeasurable earth, and the settlement of the earth was left to him by God as a responsibility and duty that "... I created the earth and settled it..." (Hood, 61) ). Waqf is a well-known word in the course of human life, as a religious social institution in the dimensions and angles of this life in different and different faces, it has played a constructive and exalting role in line with this responsibility. This good tradition can be found in the improvement and advancement of social, cultural, economic, educational, political, etc. goals and can be considered as one of the full-fledged development and development paths. Therefore, it is necessary to deal with this concept and its angles, which has a special position in legislation. One of the desired angles that has been desired since ancient times is the sale of endowment property, which has its own opinions and citations according to the opinion of the jurists, and the honorable signature of Hazrat Wali Asr Arwahna Fidah is one of those citations, which is included in this wajizah. It has been discussed and the citations of some jurists are explained.

Sometimes the disease rises above the individual level and spreads. This epidemic may be irregular and irregular in terms of time (Sporadic) or in a small area such as a city or village (Outbreak), and sometimes its spread extends beyond a region or country (Epidemics) and sometimes the level of its spread becomes global (Pandemic). )). Facing each of these cases requires different health arrangements and requires different legal rules and planning. Dealing with the disease in the national arena requires a model consisting of coordinated, targeted and legitimate measures. This model is formed in paradigmatic structures based on many philosophical, legal and ethical principles and is designed according to the social structure of each society. What is needed to design the model is the explanation of basic rights and values ​​that must be supported, and the other is the explanation of the goal and purpose in carrying out activities and programs and designing processes. All this is in an inherently variable state; Therefore, from the moral and legal point of view, the question is, which human rights has been threatened and endangered by the disease with the characteristics of Covid-19, and what is the justified set of behavior considering the contagiousness and the spread that has occurred or is occurring? It should be done in return to achieve the goals of control and health provision. According to the rule, for such a model, various goals may be considered for the patient and the disease, and accordingly, various behaviors can be envisioned to achieve these goals. Moral and legal norms will determine the limits of behavior. As a result, it may be effective to implement a program or behavior in the face of illness, but it is not justified in legal and moral terms.

The Iranian society should appreciate health and well-being, food security, and social security in 2026. It is strongly related to the tasks of Nongovernmental Organizations (NGOs), concerning its extent. Therefore, this research aimed to identify fundamental factors in the active involvement of NGOs and the Mashhad municipality, in sociocultural programs. 

This research used a qualitative approach. Also, the statistical population included the NGOs that have at least once cooperated with the municipality. The study sample recruited using a purposeful sampling technique. The collected data were generated through the design of triangulation. Subsequently, 159 concepts, 40 subcategories, and 18 items were obtained. 

The results indicated that the maximum mutual participation is the only interaction type that could fully satisfy both the municipality and NGOs.

A misleading, slogan-based, result-oriented participation exists between these organizations, because the principles of involvement are not observed.

This research aimed at studying the process of substance dependence treatment in Narcotics Anonymous (NA) association. 

This qualitative study applied a narrative research technique. The study population consisted of all individuals referring to the Torbat Heydarieh NA association in 2016. The study samples were selected by purposive sampling method. Three group interviews were conducted with 10 NA participants who have treated their substance dependence and always joined the association sessions. Each interview lasted about 4 to 6 hours.

The most critical effects of attending NA sessions may be cognitive and faith-value changes, as follow: raising the awareness of self-illness, its symptoms and how to cope with it, promoting self-awareness and characteristics, and identifying the root causes leading to the condition in each person. 

The treatment is oriented towards making the inner police and consciousness in substance dependents. According to David Matza’s theory, a deviant person first neutralizes this internal assessing as well as supervising force; then, he/she commits deviance. Completing 12 personal steps is an inward process that shapes the mechanism of recovery in substance dependents.

Dental burs are among the most commonly used instruments in dental offices and have the most possible cross-contamination risks. The sterilization of dental burs is highly noted and necessary. The present study evaluated the effects of different sterilization methods on the uniformity of diamond dental burs and changes in the cutting edge carbide burs. In this descriptive study, to assess the results of sterilization, 36 burs (18 diamond burs and 18 carbide burs) were studied. In total, 18 diamond burs using R software were randomly divided into the 3 groups of 6 burs (dry-clave group, autoclave group, and cold sterilization group). Each group was divided into the 2 subgroups of 3 burs; the first subgroup received 5 cycles and the second subgroup received 15 cycles of sterilization. The same process was used for 18 carbide burs to categorize them into groups and subgroups. A pre-assessment was conducted by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). After the sterilization cycles, a post-test SEM was performed. Adobe Photoshop 2017 was used in a gray scale of 12 to compare the pre-test and post-test differences. Kruskal-Wallis test, Analysis of Variance, Mann-Whitney U test, and Post Hoc Tukey test were used to analyze the obtained data in SPSS at a significance level of P=0.05. Dry-clave was the best approach in 5 cycles of sterilization for diamond and carbide burs. Moreover, autoclave was the best method for 5 cycles of sterilization (P<0.05). In 15 cycles of sterilization of diamond and carbide burs, the best method was auto-clave which exhibited a significant difference in carbide burs. Dry-clave and autoclave were the most appropriate approaches for 5 and 15 cycles of sterilization of diamond burs, respectively. In sterilization of carbide, in both 5 and 15 cycles, autoclave was the best method. All of the sterilization methods caused corrosion, discoloration, and the loss of integrity in carbide burs; however, these changes were minimum in the autoclave method. In conclusion, auto-clave method is recommended due to causing the least changes in carbide and diamond burs.

Nowadays, the art, has played a very tangible relationship with the public interest and community. In fact, art has an important role in nurturing the faith and Heart beliefs of the people. Islamic art is also one of the most dramatic and the most brilliant of the history of art which has attracted the attention of many researchers and theorists of culture and art. Undoubtedly, amazing and wonderful phenomenon of Islamic Revolution in Iran, led to various changes in social and individual life and dignity of the Iranian nation and other nations of the world. And was followed profound changes in various fields of science and human knowledge that one of them is Art substantial transformation and emergence of Islamic art. Since of these changes, such as developments in other areas, was carried out by Imam, it would be impossible to explain it except in the light of his words. Hence, this study examines the ideas and thoughts of Imam Khomeini about Islamic art. The main questions will be answered, What visions and perceptions of Imam Khomeini are about aspects of Islamic art (music, acting and theater, photography, painting, sculpture, writing, poetry, story).

One of the main concerns of investors in the capital market entry, is the fear of unpredictable increase or decrease of prices. In this situation, the new financial instruments such as futures contracts because of its effective role in risk management and risk control can be useful in reducing these concerns. So it will increase the efficiency of capital markets. The writers in this paper want to explain the forward and futures contracts and its legal nature, then attempt to check its compliance with Islamic contracts and legal norms. And then, the Jurisprudential verdict of the forward and futures contracts, in the primary and secondary markets and alternative solutions is expressed. It seems that the best way to correct forward and futures contracts is the conciliation contract. Using of this contract has no problem in primary and secondary markets because it is an independence contract and is not merely for settlement of disputes and quarrels and is applicable in all situations.

The aim of this study was to estimate CPUE, CPUA, length structure, and by-catch composition of Pharaoh Cuttlefish trawl fishery in north continental shelf of the Gulf of Oman (Chabahar). Random sampling was done by bottom trawler during May to September 2014. Amount of cuttlefish showed significant difference between sampling period (P

Legitimizing earnings derived from drug smuggling are formed in order to disguise or conceal the identity of illegally obtained proceeds and integrate these legitimized funds into the legal activities. It has been considered (regarded) in international law but not being L paid attention by the national or domestic law. What this note states is determining the factors forming the legitimization of funds obtained from crime in general concept and crime of legitimatizing the proceeds of drugs in the specific concept and careful consideration of this concept, features, and goals and effects. It has been suggested that appended to the rules relating to drugs the legislature considers the criminalization of the legitimization of funds originated from selling, buying, manufacturing and transiting of drugs. At the end, the authors will present their views to codify a rule which is all-inclusive and allexclusive about the crime of the legitimization of funds originated from drugs.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the satisfaction of landmine victims less than 18 years of the types of services provided by Veterans and Martyr Affair Foundation (VMAF). The descriptive study evaluated the status of services to all landmine victims less than 18 years from Iran. Satisfaction level was measured using a self-administered questionnaire based on seven categories of services provided by VMAF. Total score ranged between 7, the least satisfactory to 35, the most satisfactory. Also, by two open questions, difficulties in using the service were investigated in more details. Finally, all data were analyzed by SPSS 22 software and independent sample t-test and ANOVA statistical tests. The mean age of 78 survivors in this study consisted of 67 (85.9%) boys and 11 (14.1%) girls was 16.1±1.9 years. The mean score of satisfaction was 14.92±5.46. Cronbach's alpha was found as 0.76, showing that the scale is reliable. The group of specialists of Janbazan Medical and Engineering Research Center (JMERC) approved the validity of the scale. Health care services had the highest (18.2%) and sports services had the least satisfaction (5.1%). More than half of the cases were dissatisfied of the low awareness with service delivery (57.7%). The most common problems in getting health care services were high cost (61.5%) and then waiting long time for visiting doctor and the uncertainty about solving their problem in hospitals (48.7%). Significant relationships were observed between satisfaction with age at the time of casualty (p=0.02), disability percentage (p=0.04), spinal cord injury (p=0.04) and province of residence (p=0.006). The satisfaction of landmine victims less than 18 years of the types of services provided by VMAF in living in border areas was at the moderate level. Although health care services had the most satisfaction level but, enumerate the various problems in receiving these services have shown significant barriers, especially in the fast and convenient access to health care services.

The quiddity of government concept from the Quran look consists of two elements: order and command and obedience and acceptance and the relationship of these two things are mentioned as a promise and covenant which are between God and man. According to this base, the acceptance of man and his intention to accept God’s ordinance are essential provisions to establish the government and society. The Quran states covenants for human societies which are the foundation of man’s obedience to God and prophets and those in authority in the individual and social field. Meanwhile studying the concepts relates to the quiddity of the government, officials and their manifestation, the authors of this paper try to plan the government model in Islamic society with the Quranic approach and at the end they put before rulers to provide the back ground to establish Islamic government.

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) are increasingly used in civilian and military application because of their ability to hover, fly in very low altitude and confined spaces. In this paper, analyzing, designing and simulation of optimal controller of UAVs with four rotors in six degree of freedom is investigated that is known as Quadrotor. Because of simple design and maintance they become popular device. On the other hand, designing low level controller for quadrotor due to model nonlinearities and inherent instabilities is a challenge. Controller whitch was used in this paper is back stepping controller. This controller is optimized by Reinforcement Learning Automata (RLA) and then is applied to attitude and altitude controllers. Results showed that RLA method has better operation than Matlab toolbox.

Nowadays air travel is one of the most popular traveling as its advantages. A disabled should commute easily, so Facilitation of air traveling is vital. A disabled needs various services which depends on travel steps. These needs should have supported by travel agencies and airport staffs. Therefore, planners must be considering not only physical environment but also well services. This paper is a step by step guideline of air travel for disabled which is adjusted on different steps of air travel. First, it represents guides for facilitation, organization and presentation of services during a travel to disabled. Second, Mehr- Abad airport have been chosen as a case study for adjusting these guidelines. Latter, popular facilities of air travels are represented. Moreover, opportunities and weaknesses of disabled facilitation at Mehr- Abad airport are evaluated. In this article the research method is qualitative and based on a data gathering and field observation.

The purpose of new financial tools design in the financial markets is to provide risk management and increase capital market efficiency. One of these tools is transaction choice contacts which should be based on legal measures because of contracts efficiency in stock exchange market. In this article, the authors define these contracts and present different viewpoints of Islamic scientist to determine their integrity and conform them with legal contracts. Finally, transaction choice integrity would be accepted.