فهرست مطالب reza mamashli

This paper investigates the effect of audit quality on managers' over confidence and the possibility of fraudulent reporting of Iranian company's by panel data technique. In this concern, financial data of 174 listed shared corporations in Tehran Stock Exchange during 1388 -1394 [1218 observation] proceeded. The study identifies some proxies for audit quality index which includes the degree of accountant specialization on industry, audit reliability, auditor experience time duration and finally audit independence index. Regarding operationally indication of audit quality the research applies multi-dimensional approach in adverse with last literature studies. Then the probability of fraudulent reporting measured by two indices including the probability of fraudulent and earning management. Research findings by multivariate regression method indicates that by 95 percent confidence, the audit quality has negative and significant effect on probability of fraudulent and earning management but there is no significant relationship between audit quality and management overconfidence.

Although the financial crisis of firms taking place currently and but if firms deal with the great crisis, will lose the brand and trade mark' reliability so then the market share will treat in competing atmosphere. The study analyze the impact of intellectual capital on interfnal financial crisis during 2009 -2015 to answer the question that how intellectual capital be able and capable to manage the financial crisis? Do company's increasing intellectual capital as well as human capital to control the financial crisis deal with fraudlent reporting possibility?  Following the case, the financial data for 174 listed companies in Tehran Stock Exchange processed. Fraudulent reporting possibility measured by fraudulent possibility and earning management while the quality of intellectual capital measured by palik model (2000). Research findings by the multi variable regression model indicates that by 95 percent assurance the intellectual capital have negative and significant impact on financial crisis of companies. While the intellectual capital and fraudulent reporting possibility by the both model indicates the positive and significant relationship.

The companies which getting in to financial crisis, deals with earning decrease and as a result, share value decrease. Company managers' may increase accruals' uses to be able to manage the earning and to prevent the more decrease on company profit. Or maybe managers come to know that using the accruals will not take out the company from crisis conditions and make possible the profit identification. Therefore, in such conditions, managers' motivation to utilize the accruals and earning management will decrease and possibility of fraudulent reporting will decrease. While managers' making various decisions in financial crisis conditions regarding earning management and fraudulent activity. The main purpose of the present research is determining the impact of financial crisis on probability of fraudulent reporting and stock value. The research findings by multivariate regression method and panel data fixed effect approach for 174 stock market listed companies during 1389–1394 indicates that financial crisis has negative and significant effect on all three variables including probability of fraudulent, earning management and stock value.

The Recent financial crises deals with competition pressure between companies regarding performance improvement. The present study examines the effect of management's ability to control inter-organizational financial crisis during the period 2009 – 2015, in response to the question of whether managers have the ability to control and guiding the financial crisis? If the answer is positive, may managers cross professionalism to pretend improvement of their performance and show off to get out of the financial crisis and turn to fraudulent reporting? The statistical sample of this study includes 173 companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange which were selected as per consistent by the study. The financial crisis existence standard in a company is measured at least one of three criteria, three consecutive years of losses (operating loss, net loss or retained); reduction in dividends each year relative to the last year by more than 40 percent and included Article 141 of the commerce law Code of companies under study. The results of multiple regression model indicated that, in 95 percent statistical assurance, management ability has significant reverse effect on severity of internal financial crisis. In fact, the result of the first hypothesis test of research approved of the ability of managers to solve the problem of the internal financial crisis phenomenon. The results of the second and third hypotheses test of the research showed that managers did not report fraudulently to escape the financial crisis, and just do earning management within the framework of accounting principles.

The financial distress of banks is a serious problem in economic environment of the country.  Personal expenses and social costs of financial crisis leads to survey studies in the impact of financial crisis on commercial firms' performance. This research examines the effect of the financial crisis on banks' performance based on the CAMEL model during 2009-2015, to respond the question of whether financial crises had any effect on banks performance. By approving this, did banks turned to non-operational activities to improve their performance and getting out of the financial crisis? The research sample is 9 selected commercial banks, which fulfil the research conditions. The financial crisis of bank measure as follow: three consecutive years of losses (operating loss, net loss or retained), reduction in distributed dividends of each year relative to the last year by more than 40 percent and included article 141 of the commercial law for every company. Research results by multivariate regression model indicated that, at the 95% confidence, the financial crisis have a negative and significant effect on profitability and other performance indicators reveal no significant relationship. Also, the sixth hypothesis test of the research showed that banks will not go through non-operating activities as the financial crisis increases.

Managers of companies that are facing financial crisis, have high incentives to use discretionary accruals and earnings because of declining profitability and the resulting stock price decline his bonus, such acts lead to a reduction in earnings quality and reduce the quality of financial information, So the financial crisis has weakened the trust of investors in financial reporting system and the quality of its accounting is of great importance. The purpose of this research is to determine the effect of financial crisis on quality of financial reporting. In this study we use a sample of 90 firms listed in Tehran Stock Exchange during the period 2002 to 2015. The results of multiple regression model and panel data with fixed and random effects, showed that financial crisis has significant negative effect on the earning smoothing, value relevance and conditional conservatism, but it was not found significant correlation between the financial crisis with unconditional conservatism.

The main purpose of current research is to determine the effect of financial crisis on earnings quality. In this study, earnings quality was measured by using three earnings persistence, earnings predictability and accruals quality. The measure of financial crisis in a company is to have at least one of three criteria: three consecutive years of losses (operating loss, net loss or retained), reduction in distributed dividends of each year relative to the previous year by more than 40 percent, and article 141 of the commercial code be applicable to studied companies study. In current study, we use a sample of 97 firms listed in the Tehran Stock Exchange during the period 2002 to 2015. The results of multiple regression model and panel data with fixed effects, showed that in 95 percent of confidence level, financial crisis has a significant negative effect on the earnings persistence and a significant positive effect on the earnings predictability. Also, there was not found a significant relationship between financial crisis and discretionary.

The purpose of this research is to determine the effect of unconditional conservatism, institutional ownership and size of institute auditor on stock price. For measure unconditional conservatism we use the Beaver and Ryan model (2000). In this study we use a sample of 101 firms listed in Tehran Stock Exchange during the period 2010 to 2014. The results of multiple regression model and panel data with fixed effects, showed that in 95% confidence, unconditional conservatism has significant negative effect on the stock price and institutional ownership has a significant positive effect on stock prices, but no significant correlation between the size of audit and stock prices.