reza shaabani

The Qajar period should be considered as a period of numerous economic, political, and military treaties, treaties, and treaties. Territorial, trade, and economic expansionism imposed on Iran by the clever politicians of foreign governments with superior military power, and many benefits from these treaties and agreements benefited these countries, especially Russia. Following that, geographical and historical developments began in the Turkmen settlements of northeastern Iran. This article has been prepared with the aim of analyzing the historical geography of Khorasan region in the northeast and the approach of the government-nation of Iran to the Akhal contract. It is a descriptive-analytical research method. Research data is collected through documentation and library. The analysis of the article has been done with a qualitative approach based on documents and arguments. The analytical results showed geographical and border changes in the northern part of Iran. As part of the Akhal contract, parts of northeastern Iran were annexed to Russia and Iran's historical geography in northeastern socio-political changes and the reaction of the Turkmen people while the photo There was no action among Qajar government officials.

By studying petition documents as one of the sources for studying social history in the contemporary era, one can take a new look at It had the social life and the cultural and economic life of the Iranian society, which may have been neglected until now. Followers issues unofficial religions, sects and rituals as one of the aspects of the social life of the Iranian people need to be examined.It is mostly in different historical periods and from this perspective, these documents can be of great help in understanding life and Have problems with these social groups. In this research, the documents of the petitions of the Nasiri period, during the years 1301 It has been studied until 1303 AH. The religions mentioned in these documents mainly include two Christian religious groups And he is Jewish. The research method in this article is the historical method (inductive) and the method of writing and compiling it as It is descriptive-analytical. Extraction of information and data has also been done in the form of libraries and documents.The findings of this study show that except for religious issues, in other matters, issues of followers of religions, sects and Formal and informal rituals have been common. regarding religious issues, we can boldly say that mainlyIt has been an excuse for lords and those in power to achieve their material goal.

Introduction of Professor Dr. Reza Shabani on the occasion of the publication of the first issue of two quarterly journals of ancient Iranian studies Historians with a correct knowledge of the past of their nation know that the people have conquered the peaks from the distant past, from which no one can descend, and as mentioned, even Edni considers a person from Khor to be related to the divine light and He considers the place where he stands to be the center of gravity of the world. Our national identity has been educated for millennia, and nothing can replace it or replace it with the achievements of others today, in other words, no one can ignore it. It is alive and well and it certainly stays for now.

One of methods to overcome the problem of the set recovery in densified wood, is decreasing the press closing speed which leads to stress relaxation during densification. In the present study, the effect of press closing speed (at three levels of 0.2, 0.4 and 0.6 mm/min) at constant compression ratio of 45% was investigated on stress relaxation behavior and set recovery of alder wood. Results showed that with increasing press closing speed, stress created in densified wood was increased and the reason was attributed to the breakage of covalent hydrogen bond and relaxation of stress at lower press speed which led to decreasing of the set recovery. Two stages were observed in stress relaxation curves. At the first stage, the relaxation rate was high, attributed to the slippage of wood molecules and breakage of intermolecular hydrogen bonds. At the second stage, the stress relaxation curve became flat, represented the decrease of the stress relaxation rate. The Results of time-press closing time superposition showed that the master curve was able to predict the stress relaxation behavior to almost 380 hours (380 times of test time). Since a smooth master curve was not achieved by just horizontal shift and a vertical shifting was also required, it can be state that regarding high temperature and moisture content of woods, the material showed a complex thermorheological behavior. With increasing press closing speed from 0.2 to 0.6 mm/min, the set recovery value was increased up to 20%. A linear relation between the residual stress after one hour of stress relaxation and set recovery was found.

Due to the fresh water shortage crisis in all around the world, many types of desalination systems have been developed. One of the most used type of them is solar desalination system. In this paper, a parametric study has been employed for investigation of the effects of mounting a normal and porous fin on the heat transfer and water production rates of solar still desalination. A fin with different porous intensity in different positions has been put in solar desalination. For modelling the mentioned desalination, the desalination geometry has been meshed and the 3D simulation has been performed using ANSYS Fluent software. As the result of simulation, putting fin in optimum position in a solar still desalination leads to considerable increment of Nusselt number which results in increase of mass transfer and fresh water production rates. In addition, employment of porous fin will cause decrease in heat transfer and mass transfer rates. Finally, the effects of adding fin on the vortexes in the desalinator and its impacts on temperature and mass fractions differences in various zones has been also examined.

After the rise of Reza Shah and the formation of the first Pahlavi regime, principal codification of textbooks and synchronization of that with Pahlavi regime nationalism features    was agenda by the Ministry of Education in beginning this era. Accordingly, the Ministry of Education order to develop history textbooks offered some authors approved by the government and   the their books was  taught after reviewing Commission and after final approval of the Supreme Council of Education as the official history books in primary and secondary schools and in higher education at a later stage. Also , the first Pahlavi era nationalist index was found in  archaism ,  Iranian nationalism, patriotism and  Shah friendship effects , influenced on  both secondary and primary school history textbooks . Undoubtedly, the attitude style of the authors of the books in the selection of their demands was consistent with the objectives regime at the time. It is worth noting nation – building and nationalism concept of within the context of history textbook content of this period are  provided  in two positive aspect (Iranian descent, Iranian homeland, Iran's glorious greatness with  Archaism approach) and negative aspect  (Tazian  and Turanian ) in the present paper  these cases are investigated in detail.

Because of undeniable importance of oral or word of mouth promotion in marketing، especially in financial services، studying the underlying factors affecting it، is necessary. The main purpose of the present research is studying effective antecedents of oral promotion in banking industry. Methodologically، this research is an applied and causal survey. In order to investigate the relationship among various components of the research model، structural equation modeling was used. The population consists of private banks’ customers in the city of Arak in 2011. For data gathering purposes، 425 questionnaires were distributed، but only 386 questionnaires were returned for analysis. Meanwhile، construct validity and factor analysis were applied. Except for the hypothesis regarding the impact of trust on oral promotion، four other hypotheses were supported. Theresultsofthestudyindicatethatthedimensionsofrelationship quality consisting of satisfaction، commitment and trust directly affect persuading customers into oral promotion; however، shared values have an indirect relationship with oral promotion through bank customers.