فهرست مطالب s. bahrami

Hairy vetch (vicia villosa) is suitable winter crop for cold drylands because of its specific characteristics especially for its cold tolerance. Gholshan cultivar has been derived and released through individual selection within local hairy vetch landraces. Initially, 105 single plants collected from vetch landraces in Kurdistan, Zanjan and east Azarbaijan provinces were evaluated and cold tolerant genotypes in autumn planting were selected for further investigations. After elementary and advanced trials in Maragheh and Qorveh, 12 superior lines were identified and then were studied in terms of adaptability and yield stability at Maragheh, Qorveh and Oroumieh research stations. The results showed that Vv-Zanjan Sel 4 had the lowest mean rank and stanrdard deviation over all environments and with 3057 kgha-1 dry forage yield was the most stable cultivar over studied environments. Studies in the Hashtrood and Charoymagh on-farm trials showed that Vv-Zanjan Sel 4 had 20% higher dry forage compared to the control cultivar. The plant height of new cultivar was 10 cm higher than gholsefid control. There were no symptoms of fusarium wilt and/or ascochita blight on this cultivar during the elementary and advanced field trials. It was concluded that Vv-Zanjan sel 4 is a suitable winter crop for cold and semi-cold drylands because of its higher forage yield and stability and therefore it was released as cv. Gholshan.

This study was performed to determine the prevalence of Linguatula serrata in sheep and goats by observing the parasite in the mesenteric lymph nodes and measuring the antibody titer by indirect haemagglutination test and also evaluating the activity of serum complement activity by classical method and lysozyme. 791 samples of blood and mesenteric lymph nodes from sheep (456) and goats (335) were collected in the slaughterhouse of Ahvaz (Khuzestan province). The results showed that 7.8% of all ruminants in the present study were infected with L. serrata. There was no significant difference in the level of complement activity by classical method and lysozyme activity between infected and non-infected animals. Also, using an indirect haemagglutination test, in addition to accurately identifying infected samples from non-infected animals, the levels of IgG and IgM antibodies against L. serrata were estimated. IgG levels in infected samples were higher than IgM levels and the levels of these antibodies were significantly lower in non-infected samples. Overall, the present study suggests that this parasite in the intermediate host may escape from some important components of the innate immune system (such as the complement and lysozyme). Although the results of the present study showed that infection with the parasite increased the level of some antibodies, but these changes do not seem to provide the conditions for the eradication of the parasite.

Drought is one of the main natural causes in agricultural, economic and environmental sections. It is very difficult to quantify the characteristics of the severity, magnitude and duration of the drought objectively. Therefore, much effort has been made to monitor drought using a variety of indices. In order to investigate the meteorological drought on hydrological systems in the study area, were used from Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI), Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI), SRI Standardized Runoff Index (SRI) and groundwater drought index (GRI). Then, the relationship between the indices, concurrence or non-concurrence of drought event was investigated. Finally, the best meteorological drought index for monitoring hydrological systems in the study region was selected. The results showed that comparing the correlation between the two meteorological indicators with SRI and GRI, SPEI is a priority in terms of drought warning, because it is able to show the occurrence of hydrological drought on a shorter time scale. There was no significant correlation at different time scales between the two SPI-GRI indices (cc = 0.18), which indicates the inadequacy of SPI to investigate the effects of climatic drought on groundwater level. Therefore, it is suggested to use SPEI instead of SPI to investigate the effect of precipitation changes on groundwater fluctuations.

Scant information is available on the immunological aspect of Linguatula serrata causing linguatulosis in humans and animals. The present study aimed to analyze the content of crude somatic extracts and excretory-secretory products of L. serrata nymphs to detect the immune response of sheep and immunogenic proteins of the parasite. After collecting the nymphs, somatic extracts were prepared by sonication. Excretory secretory products were prepared by the incubation of nymphs in RPMI medium at 37°C with 5% CO2. Somatic and excretory-secretory proteins were isolated using SDS-PAGE. The immunogenic properties of the resulting proteins were determined using immunoblotting and positive sera from sheep infected with visceral linguatulosis.  The total content of somatic extracts and excretory-secretory products of L. serrata nymphs analyzed by SDS-PAGE (12% gel) revealed two protein patterns with more than 18 and 9 strong bands, respectively.  Immunoblots using sera samples of sheep infected with the parasite, somatic extracts and excretory-secretory products demonstrated 12 and 3 antigenic proteins with molecular weights mostly in the range of 24-100 kDa and an antigen more than 180 kDa. Three common immunodominant antigenic proteins with molecular weights of 38 and 57, as well as an antigen of more than 180 kDa, were detected in the somatic extracts and excretory-secretory products of L. serrata nymphs in sheep with visceral linguatulosis. These antigens can be considetered prime candidates for future serodiagnosis and immunoprotective studies of the parasite.

In this paper, we first study the non-positive decreasing and inverse co-radiant functions defined on a real locally convex topological vector space X. Next, we characterize non-positive increasing, co-radiant and quasi-concave functions over X. In fact, we examine abstract concavity, upper support set and superdifferential of this class of functions by applying a type of duality. Finally, we present abstract concavity of extended real valued increasing, co-radiant and quasi-concave functions.

Tolo common vetch forage cultivar with original name of VS-Jordan 2628 was initially entered to the country through ICARDA vetch nurseries in 1997-98 and it was evaluated in the adaptability test of the international germplasm at Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad (Gachsaran) and Lorestan (Kuhdasht) provinces. In Gachsaran, Tolo was selected based on its grain yield of 1077 kgha-1 and higher grain yield compared to the local check and in Kuhdasht area it was selected based on its dry forage and grain yield of 1032 and 465 kgha-1, respectively. In the preliminary yield trial in 1998-99, Tolo had dry forage and grain yields of 4438 and 1719 kgha-1, respectively. Also, in the advanced yield trial in 1999-2000 it had dry forage and grain yields of 2430 and 1080 kgha-1, respectively, and exhibited significant superiority to the local check. In the elite yield trial which was conducted in 2000-01 in Kuhdasht and Gachsaran regions, Tolo with average dry forage and grain yield of 2840 and 1216 kgha-1, respectively, as well as mean of rank, standard deviation of rank and coefficient of variation of 4.5, 3.51 and 17.1% for dry forage and those of 1.5, 0.58 and 52.9% for grain yields, respectively, had superior performance compared to the other genotypes and check cultivar. Tolo cultivar, in on-farm experiments conducted in different regions of Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad province during 2001-02, 2004-05 and 2013-14 cropping years, showed higher yield performance compared to the local check cultivar and other studied genotypes. Also, its forage quality was significantly superior to alfalfa and vetch cultivar Lamei. Other important characteristics of Tolo cultivar were high initial growth rate, rapid canopy cover, high grain filling rate and high 100-seed weight compared to local check.

Release of new wheat cultivars with good characteristics such as high yield performance and resistance to diseases for specific regions under rainfed condition is an essential task for sustainability of wheat production. Saein was generated by crossing between: Azar2 and 87Zhong291 (with facultative growth type, high yield performance, good thousand kernel weight and resistance to diseases) in 1999-2000 in Maragheh Research Station. Grain yield means of Saein and Azar2 (as check cultivar) during 2006-2013 cropping seasons in Maragheh Research Station were 2601 and 2493 kgha-1 under rainfed condition and 3529 and 3223 kgha-1 with a supplementary irrigation at the sowing time, respectively. Results showed that Saein had also a specific adaptability in Ardabil regions and grain yield means of Saein (new cultivar), Ohadi and Azar2 (as check cultivars) in Ardabil were 1604, 1267 and 1355 kgha-1, respectively. Results of an on-farm study, in the farmer field in Ardabil province, showed that grain yield means of Saein and Azar2 during 2013-2014 cropping season were 2307 and 2275 kgha-1, respectively. The new cultivar is resistant to yellow rust, resistant to moderately resistant to leaf rust and also resistant to common bunt and dwarf bunt as well as resistant to cold damage, lodging and seed shuttering. New cultivar has winter growth type, white grain color, 76 cm plant height and 33 gr 1000 kernel weight. Based on its good characteristics, this line was released as a new wheat cultivar with the commercial name of Saein in 2015 and was recommended for cultivation in rainfed regions in Ardabil province, in the cold dryland areas in the north west of Iran and also in areas with the potential of supplementary irrigation.

In this paper, a low-pass filter with usage microstrip lines and suitable performance for operation in telecommunication systems is designed, simulated and fabricated. The design of the filter is based on the fifth order chebyshev filter design rules. In order to improve the performance of the low-pass filter parameters, radial suppressor cells and open stubs are used which increase the stopband and narrow transition band (sharp roll-off-rate). The proposed low-pass filter after designed, using simulated ADS software and finally fabricated on the Rogers-RO4003c substrate with a thickness of 0.508 mm (20 mil) and a dielectric constant of 3.38. The -3 dB cutoff frequency for the proposed filter is 1.1 GHz and bandwidth of the stopband is close to 28.5 GHz. The change rate for the filter is appropriate and equal to 79 dB/GHz. The size of filter is relatively small and figure of merit is 26663. The simulation results and the results of the measurement of the fabricated sample are consistent and fairly similar. The proposed filter can be used in telecommunication systems due to good performance.

Applications of autonomous robots in engineering systems are growing today. Control of an autonomous robot is one of the main problems in this field. Parameters of this type of systems are variable and lead to a time-varying dynamics. A time-invariant controller due to the actual conditions and varying parameters of the system will not result in appropriate responses. On the other hand, real system dynamics is subjected to unpredictable uncertainties and disturbances due to environmental conditions. Therefore, utilized control algorithms should be robust against these effects. In this paper modeling and model-based robust adaptive control of an autonomous robot have been considered. Control of an autonomous system due to the large sensitivity and system specific conditions should be accomplished using particular control algorithms. These conditions have been analyzed for this system. Sliding mode control with system parameters identification as an appropriate control algorithm which contains such conditions has been designed and employed for the control of the system with time-varing parameters. Therefore, first system dynamic model has been obtained. Next, robust adaptive control algorithm has been designed and applied to the system. Obtained results show the effectiveness of the proposed method

Today for access to effective organizations, notice to the work quality factors is very important. The aim of this study is investigating the happiness level among the staff of the faculties in Isfahan University of Medical Sciences.

For achieving this descriptive, survey research, with random sampling, we selected 144 persons among 401 persons of the staff of the faculties in Isfahan University of Medical Sciences. Data gathered with two researcher-made questionnaires are happiness, internal and external happiness factors. Validity of the questionnaires calculated with validity of the content and their reliability calculated with Kranbakh Alpha coefficients method. Analysis of the results accomplished in two levels of descriptive and inferential Statistics.

The mean of happiness scores and external happiness factors were less than the average level, but the mean of internal happiness factors were the average level. So, there are not meaningful difference between the mean of happiness scores and internal and external happinessfactors scores depend on education, experience, and work department, but men happiness scores are more than women happiness scores. On the other hand the mean of internal and external happiness factors scores in married people are more than single.

Necessity of happiness investigating and their factors are both important for community and its institutions.

Postpartum depression is the most common serious mental disorder in the postpartum period. Postpartum depression is associated with serious complications for mother, baby and her family. This study is designed to investigate the effect of antenatal education on pregnancy depression in theses who referred to Dezful health canters.

This case-control study was carried out on 140 non depressive pregnant women with gestational age between 26-30 weeks. These women were randomly divided into two groups, experimental group and controls of Antenatal education classes. The research data was collected using standard questionnaire, the Beck Depression Inventor and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale. The data was analyzed using t and chi-square tests.

Result showed that 31.4% of women had the Edinburgh Depression Score of 10 or more. A significant increase in the mean score of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale in controls compared with the experimental group (P

Without doubt, the largest human society's misfortune after the Second World War is AIDS epidemics. At present, the best way to combat the disease is prevention which in turn requires trainings for increase individual's knowledge. Therefore, this study was performed to determine the knowledge and attitude of Birjand disciplinary police personnel about AIDS.

This descriptive-analytic study was accomplished on 300 personnel of Birjand disciplinary police force which were selected by random cluster sampling in 2002. The data were collected via a questionnaire consisting of three parts (demographic features, knowledge and attitude statements) which were then analyzed by SPSS software using chi-square, t-test and ANOVA one way tests (P<0.05).

Findings showed that most of the participants in the investigation were jobholders (71%) with high school diploma (39%).The mean score of knowledge and attitude were 10.71±2.21 and 4.73±3.16 respectively on basis of their information about transmission, prevention of AIDS. Also we found a statistically significant relationship between the knowledge and attitude with education. (P<0.01)

Study results showed that, the knowledge of personnel about AIDS was relatively good but only a few of them had positive attitude. Therefore we suggest continuous and new training programs about transmission and prevention ways of HIV/AIDS infection

IOrganization managers, due to changes, encounter new situations which require new information as well as specific specialties therefore, it is essential to enhance their knowledge through proper training courses based on their real needs. This study was conducted in Isfahan University. of Medical. Sciences- 2004 for : - assessing the training needs of the staff managers in technical , perceptual and human domains, - Prioritizing the needs, - and determining the relation between their needs and organizational status.

This cross - sectional, descriptive - survey study was done in 2004. The research population, used as sample population too, was 115 managers of Isfahan Univ. Data was collected using a questionnaire , the reliability and validity of which was evaluated using coefficient alpha r = 0.97. The completed questionnaires were analyzed through descriptive & inferential statistics. 

The most educational need was observed in technical domain (x=3.45) and the perceptual and human domains followed respectively (x=3.36 , x=3.33). There was also a significant difference between different domains and education , age , job experience , management experiment and academic status of the sample population, but no significant difference was observed between gender, responsibility and needs in different domains. 

It is suggested to determine the managers' training needs & provide them with appropriate short or long - term training courses.

In this study, the effects of quality and quantity of protein in flours with 95% and 70% extraction rates obtained from Mahdavi and Tajan wheat cultivars each baked at two different durations (100 and 75 sec.) and temperatures (210 and 250°C), after wrapping in polyethylene packages with 40µm thickness were investigated. All tests were carried out during 168 hours after packing and at 24h intervals. Results indicated that bread staling was affected by wheat cultivar, flour extraction rate, and storage time. Bread prepared from Tajan flour had lower firmness and staleness than that prepared from Mahdavi. High bran content bread was firmer than that with lower bran content. Organoleptic tests indicated that bread baked with 95% flour and bread baked at high temperatures with short durations were not very acceptable.