samira naderi

Community health assessment is a process in which researchers achieve a proper understanding of the communityhealth status through the community active participation. The present study was conducted aiming to identify and prioritizehealth problems of Meshkin Tappeh village with people’s direct involvement.

This study was conducted using the community assessment method in Meshkin Tappeh village in the city of BueenZahra, Iran, based on the North Carolina model. One person was selected from each household, and a total of 271 people wereentered into the study. The community health assessment process was performed in 8 stages and problem prioritizing was alsocarried out using Hanlon’s scoring matrix method.

At the village level, 32 problems were identified in 6 areas, including problems related to health area (31.2%), municipalservices area (21.8%), educational and cultural area (15.6%), economic and employment area (12.5%), social and citizenshiprights area (12.5%), and security area (6.4%). Based on the matrix table scoring criteria, the problem of drug peddlers (15 points),poverty and low income (14 points), dropping out of school (13 points), emergency preparedness in unexpected events (12points), and non-financial support for many health costs (12 points) were identified as 5 main problems at the village level.

In this research, a broad spectrum of social, cultural, economic, and health problems were identified. Although theselected priority for further assessment was allocated to the problem of drug peddlers, solving all these problems requires theconsultation and cooperation of all public institutions and organizations and the people.

The prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is increasing every year, which increases the risk of cardiovascular disease and even death. In Cardiorenal syndrome type 2 (CRS2), chronic cardiac dysfunction causes renal dysfunction. The aim of this study was to evaluate Doppler ultrasound of renal veins, calculate venous impedance index (VII) and determine their associations with the prognosis of CRS2 syndrome in patients with a history of chronic heart disease and CKD with a good forward function.

In this descriptive-analytical study, 49 patients referred to Imam Reza Hospital in Tabriz with heart failure and renal dysfunction were selected. Renal status, VII and ejection fraction (EF) were evaluated.

Mean age of the patients was 61.83±12.39 years, 42.9% of which were women and 57.1% were men. The durations of heart and renal failure were 33.16 ± 13.8 and 11.76±5.1 months, respectively. Significant associations were found between VII and EF of the right and left kidneys (P=0.01 and P =0.03, respectively). But there was no statistically significant relationship between renal function and EF (P =0.54). With increasing edema rate, both VII and EF were decreased; however, these associations were not statistically significant (P >0.05).

According to the results, significant associations were found between VII and EF of right and left kidneys, however, no statistically significant correlations were observed between edema and VII mean and EF.

It is very important to observe hygienic principles in the production of mayonnaise, as a nutritious and popular product, as well as to prevent physical, chemical, microbial spoilage and thus prevent its quality reduction. In this study, we tried to evaluate the efficiency of extracting aqueous extract of chestnut fruit as a natural antioxidant. For this purpose, Samples of mayonnaise with different concentrations of the extract were prepared under treatments B1 (mayonnaise + 750 ppm sodium benzoate + 750 ppm sodium sorbate), B2 (mayonnaise + 400 ppm chestnut extract + 500 ppm sodium benzoate + ppm sodium + ppm) B3 (mayonnaise +800 ppm chestnut extract +500 ppm sodium benzoate + 500 ppm sodium sorbate) and B4 (mayonnaise + 1200 ppm chestnut extract). Chemical factors (acidity and peroxide number), microbial, and sensory factors (general acceptance) were examined for the 6 months (first day, the second month, the fourth month, and the sixth month).  The results showed that the extraction efficiency of the extract by the aqueous method was equal to 22.5%. According to the results, Chestnut fruit extract with benzoate and sodium sorbate significantly reduced peroxide and acid index in the samples (p<0.05). The antimicrobial effect of chestnut fruit extract is confirmed on a significant reduction in microbial population and shelf life of mayonnaise. Sample B3 was introduced as the superior treatment in this study by considering sensory factors (general acceptance).

Wireless sensor networks have attracted a great deal of attention as one of the key enabling technologies for 5G cellular networks. One of the main challenges ahead of such networks is limitation of energy resources which directly affects their lifespan. In this paper, an adaptive coding technique for wireless sensor networks is presented. On the contrary to the previous studies which have considered block fading channels, where a constant fading factor is assumed during the transmission of a block of data, we track slow time variations that channel experiences during the transmission of a block of data. We design an adaptive coding technique for this case. The proposed algorithm is based on iterative decoding and aims to achieve an error probability lower than the permissible threshold while minimizing the energy consumption. Our simulation results, employing Hamming codes, demonstrate that the proposed adaptive coding scheme, decreases the power consumption and consequently increases the network lifespan.

Para-Nonylphenol (p-NP) can cause oxidative stress through reducing the activity of scavenging enzymes. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of green tea extract, as an antioxidant, on testis in rats exposed to p-NP. In the present study, 24 Wistar rats with mean body weight of 215 ± 10 g were divided into 4 groups (n = 6). The first group was considered as the control group. The treatment group, respectively, received p-NP (200 mg/kg/day), green tea extract (200 mg/kg/day), and p-NP + green tea extract orally for 56 days. Then, the rats were sacrificed and their right testis removed. After tissue processing and staining, the volume of seminiferous tubules and interstitial tissue, seminiferous tubules length and diameter, height of germinal epithelium, basement membrane thickness, and the number of cell types were estimated stereologically. The concentration of serum malondialdehyde (MDA) was also evaluated. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA. All P values of less than 0.05 were considered significant. The mean volume and diameter of seminiferous tubules, the thickness of their basement membrane, germinal epithelium height, and mean total number of spermatocytes, spermatids, and Sertoli cells significantly reduced in the p-NP group compared to other groups. MDA concentration in rats treated with p-NP significantly increased compared with the control group. Green tea seems to have a protective role in p-NP-induced toxicity in testis tissue. Thus, the results suggest that consumption of green tea, as an antioxidant agent, can play an important role in preventing the side effects of p-NP exposure in industrial areas.